WorksheetsReview for Earth Science Final Exam Ecology
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 17mins
A rabbit eats grass. In this activity, the grass
functions as a:
producer
scavenger
herbivore
parasite
The major environmental factor limiting the presence of numerous autotrophs at great depths in the ocean is the:
type of substratum
amount of light
availability of minerals
absence of biotic factors
In the nitrogen cycle, plants use nitrogen compounds to produce:
glucose
starch
lipids
proteins
The processes of photosynthesis, transpiration, evaporation, condensation, respiration, and excretion are all involved in the cycling of
water
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
sulfur
The relationship between athlete’s foot fungus and humans is known as:
synthesis
mutualism
parasitism
competition
Processes involved in the water cycle are represented by letters in the diagram shown. In which group are the processes correctly identified?
A-deamination; B-transpiration;
C-condensation; D-evaportion
A-transpiration; B-evaporation;
C-condensation; D-precipitation
A-condensation; B-precipitation;
C-transpiration; D-evaporation
A-transpiration; B-deamination;
C-condensation; D-precipitation
Which best completes X and Y?
X -biotic factors; Y - abiotic factors
X -ecological relationships; Y -biotic relationships
X -abiotic factors; Y - biotic factors
X -energy; Y -biotic factors
Which statement best describes an ecological principle represented by the pyramid?
The energy in level D is less than the energy in level B.
Energy is decreased with each successive feeding level from D to A.
The energy is identical in each level of the pyramid.
Energy to sustain the pyramid enters level A first and level D last.
DDT is a pesticide that is linked to biomagnification within a food chain. Which statement best describes a characteristic of DDT in the food web?
The highest concentration of DDT is located in the producer.
DDT tends to decrease in concentration as it is transferred from primary consumer to secondary consumer.
The lowest concentrations of DDT are located in the birds.
DDT tends to increase in concentration as it is transferred from producer to consumer.
The diagram shown represents a food web. If an insecticide is used to destroy most of the leaf beetles, what will most likely be the effect on the food web?
The population of large birds will die out.
Leaf beetles will multiply rapidly, providing more food for small birds.
Small birds will avoid poisoned insects by preying on frogs.
The grasshopper population will have more available food.
Japanese beetles and gypsy moths were accidentally introduced into North America. The most probable reasons these insects have become serious pests in North America is that they:
were bred by research scientists and are resistant to all pesticides
are protected by environmental laws and feed on other insects species
have few natural enemies and reproduce successfully
they have no food supply
Which pair of organisms represents a predator-prey relationship?
owl and mouse
wood and termite
tapeworm and dog
deer and apple tree
An overpopulation of deer in a certain area will most likely lead to:
a decrease in the number of predators of the deer
an increase in the number of autotrophs available for food
a decrease in the incidence of disease
an increase in competition between the deer
The graph here shows the population growth curves of Paramecium aurealia and Paramecium caudatum cultures after they were mixed together.This graph can be used to illustrate the principle of:
mutualism
competition
assimilation
saprophytism
Which food chain includes organisms that would most immediately be affected by acid rain?
grass -->rabbit --> fox -->decay bacteria
algae --> insect --> trout --> otter
shrub -->mouse --> snake -->hawk
tree --> caterpillar -->bird --> lynx
At night, moths travel toward light. Which type of behavior does this describe?
habituation
imprinting
innate behavior
learned behavior
If worldwide deforestation is not regulated, what could most likely result?
Acid rain could lower the pH of rivers and lakes to dangerous levels for aquatic life.
CO2 levels in the atmosphere could increase and contribute to global warming problems.
Plants and animals could become better adapted to living in desert conditions.
Future generations of humans could have an excess of wood and paper products
Which will most likely cause variations to occur within a species?
competition
mutation
mutualism
predation
The construction of a new coal-burning power plant would have the greatest impact on which environmental issue?
depletion of the ozone
production of acid rain
release of radiation
increase in deforestation
The yucca plant releases a strong scent at night when the yucca moth is active. The yucca moth, attracted by the scent, gathers pollen from the yucca flower. The yucca moth then deposits her eggs and the pollen on another plant. This ensures that the plant will be cross-pollinated and that the yucca moth larvae have a steady food supply. Which relationship does this best illustrate?
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
predation
Which statement correctly describes part of the carbon cycle?
The amount of carbon in the soil increases when plants decay
The amount of carbon in the ocean decreases when fossil fuels are burned
The amount of carbon in the atmosphere decreases when igneous rocks form
The amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases when photosynthesis occurs.
Which statement correctly describes a soil interaction in the carbon cycle?
Microbes breaking down organic matter in the soil release carbon dioxide.
Decaying organisms in the soil absorb carbon dioxide
Plants growing in the soil release carbon dioxide
Plowing of the soil absorbs carbon dioxide
The figure below shows how nitrogen cycles within ocean waters. Each of the processes shown in bold is performed by living microbes. According to the figure, what process do microbes use to convert nitrates to nitrogen gas?
Denitrification
Fixation
Assimilation
Nitrification
Which statement best explains why animals are considered heterotrophic?
They are able to produce food through the process of photosynthesis
They are able to produce food through the process of respiration
They are able to obtain nutrients by decomposing plant and animal tissue.
They are able to obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms or their products.
In the food web shown, who is the secondary consumer?
grass
mouse
rabbit
fox
For an energy pyramid, the 10% rule states that
10% of the energy is transferred from one organism to the next.
10% of the energy is gained.
10% of the animals will starve.
10% of the producers are eaten.
What does a primary consumer eat?
tertiary consumers
secondary consumers
producers
decomposers
If the mouse population becomes sick and decreases, which statement about the food web will be true?
The grass population will decrease.
The hawk population will increase.
The grass population will increase.
The wildflower population will decrease.
What do the arrows in a food chain or web show?
The flow of energy in an ecosystem
Who eats who
Relationships among organisms.
All of the above
Identify the producer in the food web
Grass
Grasshopper
Bird
Mouse
Identify a primary consumer from the food web
Grasshopper
Owl
Fox
Grains
Identify all the secondary consumers from the food web (You can select multiple answers)
Birds
Owls
Mice
Foxes
Identify the Carnivore from the food web
Mice
Grasshopper
Rabbit
Owl
Identify the Herbivore from the food web
Owl
Fox
Rabbit
Bird
Identify the Omnivore from the food web
Mouse
Grasshopper
Bird
Carrot
What might happen is the amount of grasshoppers and mice were reduced
Fewer Owls
More Owls
Less Birds
More foxes
