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Scientific Revolution and Age of enlightenment

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The idea that the earth is the center of the universe is the ___________ theory.
a)
geocentric
b)
heliocentric
c)
earthcentric
d)
world's worst
2.
The ideas of Enlightenment philosophers were based on
a)
efforts to achieve salvation
b)
faith in human reason
c)
traditional practices
d)
the inevitability of poverty
3.
Enlightenment thinker who believed in natural rights (Life, liberty, property):
a)
Montesquieu
b)
Voltaire
c)
Locke
d)
Rousseau
4.
According to Copernicus, the sun  
a)
Revolved around the earth
b)
Was the center of the Universe
c)
Was the biggest star
d)
 Had many moons
5.
One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar is that both
a)
led to increased power for royal families in Europe
b)
sought to reconcile Christian beliefs and science
c)
questioned traditional values and past practices
d)
promoted nationalistic revolutions in eastern Europe
6.

According to Enlightenment ideas, governments exist to...

a)

serve the ruler

b)

serve the constituents / governed

c)

serve the monarchy / royal family

d)

serve the church

7.

A social contract is created by individuals to form a free society where citizens have the power. Which of the following philosophers upholds this belief about the social contract?

a)

Wollstonecraft

b)

Beccaria

c)

Rousseau

d)

Smith

8.

The scientific theories developed by Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton resulted in

a)

challenges to the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church

b)

support for the Earth-centered theory of the universe

c)

confirmation of Darwin’s theory of evolution

d)

a renewed interest in the writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau

9.

“When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates [government officials], there can be no liberty; because apprehensions [fears] may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws to execute them in a tyrannical manner…”


-Baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws


Which solution would Baron de Montesquieu offer to avoid the enactment of tyrannical laws?

a)

Granting freedom of speech

b)

Reinstating absolute monarchs

c)

Separating the three branches of government

d)

Limiting natural laws

10.

Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.


… Nor is there liberty if the power of judging is not separate from legislative power and from executive power. If it were joined to legislative power, the power over the life and liberty of the citizens would be arbitrary, for the judge would be the legislator. If it were joined to executive power, the judge could have the force of an oppressor.…

—Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws


In this passage, Montesquieu is making reference to

a)

an enlightened despotism

b)

a policy of mercantilism

c)

a separation of powers

d)

a social contract

11.
What did John Locke say that people could do to a government that did not protect their natural rights?
a)
write s formal letter of complaint
b)
overthrow it
c)
just deal with it
d)
vote for a new king
12.

What result did the scientific method have on religious, political and cultural institutions?

a)

It encouraged monarchies

b)

It provided a logical procedure for testing ideas

c)

It supported church teachings

d)

It limited rights and freedoms of the citizens

13.
The “agreement between the people and their government” is called the _?
a)
The Social Contract
b)
The Social Network
c)
The Social Right
d)
The Natural Reason
14.

Which of the following is a characteristic of Mercantilism?

a)

collective ownership of goods and services

b)

Colonists were restricted to only buying products and selling goods to their “mother country”

c)

Free trade of goods and services

d)

Free competitive market motivated by profit

15.

Which concept is a challenge to the system of Mercantilism?

a)

maintaining a traditional economy

b)

strict control of trade by the monarchy

c)

control of production by the monarchy

d)

free market and free trade

16.

John Locke believed a government should not deprive citizens of their natural rights of...

a)

freedom of religion

b)

life, liberty, and property

c)

owning a weapon

d)

a fair and speedy trial

17.
Francis Bacon is known for his invention of the
a)
laws of motion
b)
telescope
c)
scientific method
d)
gravity 
18.
Thomas Hobbes believed that
a)
the enlightenment thinkers were naturally silly
b)
people are naturally greedy and selfish therefore should only be governed by an absolute monarch (king).
c)
people are for the most part good people but society corrupts us to be bad
d)
in the tabula rasa theory
19.

Who is the scientist responsible for the discovery of gravitational force?

a)

Galileo

b)

Nicolas Copernicus

c)

Johannes Kepler

d)

Isaac Newton

20.

This is used to confirm findings and to prove or disprove a hypothesis.

a)

Geocentric Theory

b)

Scientific Method

c)

Cometical Theory

d)

Kepler Theory

21.

I promoted free speech/freedom of religion and criticized absolute monarchy.

a)

Montesquieu

b)

Hobbes

c)

Locke

d)

Voltaire

22.

Philosopher that was concerned with our Natural Rights of life, liberty, and property

a)

Rousseau

b)

Montesquieu

c)

Voltaire

d)

Locke

23.
Inspired the writing of the U.S. Constitution and how the power of government is separated
a)
Rousseau
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Voltaire
d)
Locke
24.

A government should be ran by popular sovereignty (Majority rule)

a)

Rousseau

b)

Montesquieu

c)

Voltaire

d)

Wollstonecraft

25.

This philosophe's masterful use of satire got him into frequent trouble with the clergy, the aristocracy, and the government of France. Despite serving two prison terms and being exiled, he never stopped fighting for tolerance, reason, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech.

a)

Rousseau

b)

Voltaire

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Montesquieu

26.
The idea that the earth is the center of the universe is the ___________ theory.
a)
geocentric
b)
heliocentric
c)
earthcentric
d)
world's worst
27.
Philosophers of the Enlightenment wanted to use __________ in all areas of life.
a)
A. government
b)
B. economics
c)
C. politics
d)
D. reason
28.

According to Thomas Hobbes, the best form of government is

a)

a federal republic.

b)

a theocracy.

c)

absolute monarchy.

d)

a democracy.

29.

The idea that it is OK for others to believe differently than you, and all people should get the same treatment despite their beliefs is called:

a)

Religious Tolerance

b)

Separation of Church and State

c)

Natural Rights

d)

Divine Rights

30.

The idea that the sun is the center of the universe is the ____________ theory.

a)

geocentric

b)

heliocentric

c)

solar

d)

sunny

31.

How did technology and better scientific information fuel the explorations?

a)

The magnetic compass allowed sailors to calculate their longitude.

b)

Ptolemy’s Geography gave a reasonably accurate estimate of the distance from Europe to Asia

c)

The recent European invention of the astrolabe made sea navigation possible.

d)

Caravels with lateen sails were more maneuverable and could carry more than previous ships.

e)

Cannons proved useful in almost every climate and condition.

32.
Which is an example of a tool that improved navigation and made sea exploration possible?
a)
Telescope
b)
Aqueducts
c)
Atlas
d)
Astrolabe
33.
Main motivation for European exploration
a)
the need for Slave labor
b)
God, Gold, Glory
c)
to see if the earth was flat
d)
none of these are correct
34.
The exchange of new goods, resources and ideas between east and west is called...
a)
Columbian Exchange
b)
Triangle trade
c)
Westward Expansion
d)
The Exploration Revolution
35.
Territories that are controlled by other countries. The territory is often settled by people from the controlling countries.
a)
Cortes
b)
Caravel
c)
Exploration
d)
Colonies
36.
Who was the first explorer to sail around the Cape of Good Hope to India?
a)
Vasco da Gama
b)
James Cook
c)
Prince Henry the Navigator
d)
Ferdinand Megallan
37.
What did success in mercantilism depend on?
a)
Controlling the slave trade
b)
Having a perfect balance of trade
c)
Gaining as much gold and silver as possible
d)
 Salutary Neglect
38.
What ocean was crossed on the Triangular trade routes?
a)
The Caribbean
b)
The Indian
c)
The Atlantic
d)
The Pacific
39.
Which three continents were involved in the Triangular Trade?
a)
South America, Asia, Europe
b)
Asia, Africa, North America
c)
North America, Africa, and Eroupe
d)
North America, Australia, and Asia
40.
As a result of the Columbian exchange, which disease wiped out the majority of natives? 
a)
Black Plague
b)
Whooping Cough
c)
Smallpox
d)
Measles
41.
What is a favorable balance of trade?
a)
Importing more than exporting.
b)
Exporting more than importing.
c)
Trade away everything you own.
d)
Becoming isolated and not trading.
42.
In which economic system does a government attempt to accumulate gold and silver by gaining a favorable balance of trade?
a)
Capitalism
b)
Communism
c)
Mercantilism
d)
Socialism
43.
Portugal and Spain divided the new world at the ___________?
a)
Line of Cuba
b)
Line of Demarcation
c)
Line of Brazil
d)
Line of Seperation
44.

Although Columbus was the first European to "discover" the Americas, they are named after another explorer. Which explorer were they named after?

a)

Captain America

b)

Hernan Cortes

c)

Amerigo Vespucci

d)

Ferdinand Magellan

45.

Which of the following was NOT a motivation for European explorers?

a)

Finding people to convert to Christianity

b)

Gaining direct access to Asia to trade for spices and other goods

c)

Curiosity about the world

d)

A desire to end slavery around the world

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