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Human AP: Nervous,Endocrine,Reproductive &Blood

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In humans, specialized __________ cells are responsible for detecting and amplifying sound in the inner ear.

a)

bone

b)

cochlea

c)

hair

d)

nerve

2.

Human blood has four basic parts. Which part is matched with the correct function?

a)

Platelets - prevent blood clots

b)

Red blood cells - fight bacteria

c)

Blood plasma - carries nutrients and wastes

d)

White blood cells - carry oxygen and carbon dioxide

3.

Which structures are found in the human female reproductive system?

a)

ovaries and uterus

b)

ovaries and testes

c)

prostate and uterus

d)

uterus and vas deferens

4.

During ovulation

a)

an egg is fertilized by sperm.

b)

an egg is produced by the ovaries.

c)

an egg is produced and held in the ovaries.

d)

an egg is released and travels into the fallopian tube.

5.

In the human body, all body systems work to maintain homeostasis. One system stands out as a leader, as it works with all other body systems. That is the ___________ system.

a)

circulatory

b)

endocrine

c)

integumentary

d)

nervous

6.

The human body is composed of several organ systems. One organ, the brain, controls the functioning of all other organs and organ systems. This organ is part of the ___________ system.

a)

circulatory

b)

muscular

c)

nervous

d)

respiratory

7.

Why can people with blood group A or B donate blood to people with blood group AB?

a)

Their blood types are entirely different from both blood type A and B.

b)

They are a special blood type that can donate blood to any other blood type.

c)

Their blood types share similarities with blood type AB.

d)

They are a special blood type that can accept blood from any other blood type.

8.

· Mark: B+

· Annie: A+

· Betsy: B+

· Bobby: O+

· Jennifer: AB+

The table shows people with blood from different groups. Based on the information, which statement is correct?

a)

Betsy can donate blood only to Mark.

b)

Annie can donate blood to everyone, except Jennifer.

c)

Bobby can receive blood from everyone else in the group.

d)

Jennifer can receive blood from everyone else in the group.

9.

The unique structure of the neuron is dedicated to the efficient and rapid transmission of neural signals. The relationship between neurons, the spinal cord, and the brain constitutes an elaborate communication system throughout the human body. All BUT one of the functions listed below are a result of this interaction.

a)

consciousness

b)

the development of disease

c)

vital life functions like breathing

d)

voluntary response to the environment

10.

Neurons which have a long axon and short dendrites and transmit messages from the central nervous system to the muscles or glands are called

a)

interneurons.

b)

motor neurons.

c)

sensory neurons.

d)

transmitter neurons.

11.

Name the part of the the brain labeled "A".

a)

cerebellum

b)

frontal lobe

c)

temporal lobe

d)

occipital lobe

12.

In human reproduction, this is a very important hormone. In women, it stimulates follicle development and in men, it stimulates sperm production. What is this hormone?

a)

FSH

b)

GH

c)

estrogens

d)

testosterone

13.

For anatomical studies, the body is often cut, or sectioned, along a flat surface called a plane. A section is named for the plane along which it is cut.

Letter A is the ___________ plane. It is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts.

a)

coronal

b)

frontal

c)

sagittal

d)

transverse

14.

For anatomical studies, the body is often cut, or sectioned, along a flat surface called a plane. A section is named for the plane along which it is cut.

Letter B is the ___________ plane. It divides the body into anterior and posterior parts and is also called a coronal plane.

a)

left

b)

frontal

c)

sagittal

d)

transverse

15.

For anatomical studies, the body is often cut, or sectioned, along a flat surface called a plane. A section is named for the plane along which it is cut.

Letter C is the ___________ plane. It is the plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

a)

coronal

b)

frontal

c)

sagittal

d)

transverse

16.

~Brain becomes physically smaller and functions more slowly

~Gradual changes continue in appearance, along with weakening of the body sense organs and major body systems

~Losses continue in visual and hearing abilities

~Decreases in immune system and overall muscle strength put older adults at risk of chronic and acute illness

~Short-term memory may decline, but active exercise of mental abilities helps to maintain functioning

These changes in human development occur during

a)

old age.

b)

puberty

c)

childhood.

d)

adolescence.

17.

Around week eight, the embryo becomes a _________. The kidneys, liver, brain, and lungs are all beginning to function. The fingers and toes are separate and the external genitalia are formed.

a)

fetus

b)

infant

c)

neonate

d)

villus

18.

Where does the third event in the sequence of a nerve impulse occur?

a)

stimulus

b)

sensory neuron

c)

sensory receptors

d)

C.N.S (spinal cord)

19.

The ___________ is a photosensitive tissue that contains the special photoreceptor cells that convert light into electrical signals.

a)

cornea

b)

lens

c)

pupil

d)

retina

20.

Cara had quite a scare! She thought she had contracted an STD. Cara went to her local health clinic and found out here concerns were unfounded. What is the BEST step Cara can take to ensure that she does not contract an STD in the future.

a)

Practice abstinence.

b)

Avoid intercourse; stick with outercourse

c)

Avoid intercourse; stick with outercourse

d)

Get a complete sexual history of her partner

21.

The spinal cord relays messages between the body and the brain. These messages control body functions like movement, bladder and bowel control and breathing. Each vertebra has a pair of spinal nerves that receive messages from the body (sensory impulses) and send messages to the body (motor impulses). The spinal nerves are numbered 1 to 55 from the neck down. The first eight as seen here are the ____________ vertebrate and send messages to the back of the head, neck, shoulders, arms, hands and diaphragm.

a)

cervical

b)

lumbar

c)

sacral

d)

thoracic

22.

Margaret is a 62-year-old woman who recently began noticing that she was tired, experienced muscle aches, tenderness and stiffness, dry skin and hoarseness. She was also gaining weight although she had not changed her dietary habits. Because of Margaret's age combined with these symptoms, her doctor suggested that she might have

a)

hypothyroidism

b)

Grave's disease

c)

hyperpituitarism.

d)

Cushing's syndrome.

23.

Maria is a 38-year-old woman who recently went to her doctor with the following symptoms. Maria was anxious and irritable, her hands were shaky and she could not get a good night's sleep. Maria felt like her heart was beating rapidly and she was sweating, even when the temperature was cool inside her home. Maria went to her doctor and she did a test of Maria's thyroid function to see if Maria might have

a)

hypothyroidism

b)

Grave's disease.

c)

Addison's disease.

d)

Cushing's syndrome.

24.

Consider the image of the male reproductive organs. Both urine and seminal fluid travel out of the male body through the penis. What is the name of the tube within the penis that carries both fluids from the body?

a)

urether

b)

urethra

c)

bladder

d)

vas deferens

25.

Homeostasis in general means regulating and maintaining a stable condition within the body under different conditions. The human skeletal system contributes to three important homeostasis mechanisms. They include all BUT ONE of those listed here

a)

Thermoregulation

b)

Blood cell homeostasis

c)

Osmotic balance in epidermal cells

d)

Regulation of calcium and phosphorus levels

26.

This gland, found in your brain, is responsible for control of the endocrine system. In addition, it controls many homeostatic functions in your body and helps regulate hunger, thirst, sleep, and wakefulness. What is this gland?

a)

hypothalamus

b)

pituitary

c)

adrenal

d)

thyroid

27.

This is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. In most people symptoms first appear in their mid-60s. What is this disorder?

a)

vascular dementia

b)

bi-polar disorder

c)

Alzheimer's disease

d)

mild cognitive impairment

28.

Blood. It is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Do you know the major function of each? Identify the blood component that is not matched with the correct function

a)

Blood platelets play a role in coagulation.

b)

Red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.

c)

The plasma component of blood is key to nerve and muscle stimulation.

d)

White blood cells are involved in the immune response to identify and target pathogens.

29.

We know that hormones play critical roles in female ovulation and the cycle of menstruation. Hormones are also critical to spermatogenesis in males. What hormone(s) is/are responsible for sperm production?

a)

testosterone

b)

estrogen and testosterone

c)

testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone

d)

progesterone and follicle stimulating hormone

30.

Which organ in the female reproductive system is responsible for manufacturing eggs?

a)

uterus

b)

ovaries

c)

fallopian tubes

d)

seminiferous tubules

31.

Both male and females reproductive systems have primary sex organs called gonads. What are the male and female gonads?

a)

male - penis; female - vagina

b)

male - testes; female - vagina

c)

male - testes; female - ovaries

d)

male - scrotum; females - uterus

32.

Carmen is sure she is pregnant: she has been experience typical signs and symptoms of pregnancy. Recently, she has began having some additional, distressing symptoms that include:

~stabbing pelvic pains that may come and go and vary in intensity

~vaginal bleeding, heavier than her normal period

~gastrointestinal distress

~weakness and dizziness.


Carmen has gone to her doctor and she has suggested that although Carmen IS pregnant, she is experiencing

a)

a miscarriage.

b)

an ectopic pregnancy.

c)

the symptoms of endometriosis.

d)

interference from ovarian cysts.

33.

If you are sexually active and abstinence is not an option, the ONLY sure way to protect against sexually transmitted infections or HIV is the use of

a)

a diaphragm

b)

latex condoms.

c)

a vaginal ring.

d)

an intrauterine device.

34.

1. birth control pills

2. abstinence

3. condom

4. intrauterine device

Methods used for contraception vary in effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. Rank these methods from MOST effective to LEAST.

a)

1 - 2 - 3 - 4

b)

2 - 4 - 1 - 3

c)

2 - 3 - 1 - 4

d)

2 - 1 - 4 - 3

35.

How is the central nervous system (CNS) different from the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

a)

It connects the PNS to the body’s muscles and organs.

b)

It includes all the nerves in the brain and spinal cord.

c)

It is divided into the somatic and automatic components.

d)

It sends information gathered by sensory receptors to the PNS.

36.

1. A woman touches a hot stove.

2. The PNS sends a message to the CNS.

3. The CNS interprets/processes the message.

4. The CNS tells the PNS what to do.

5. The CNS sends a message to the hand.

6. The woman lifts her hand off the stove.

Consider the steps in demonstrating how the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) work together is incorrect. Which step is incorrect and should be revised?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

37.

How does the male reproductive system differ from the female reproductive system?

a)

It has a more limited role in reproduction.

b)

It has gonads, which are necessary for fertilization.

c)

It remains active for only a limited number of years.

d)

It is more directly involved in the creation of a zygote.

38.

What is the main purpose of the scrotum?

a)

to produce testosterone, the main male sex hormone

b)

to transport mature sperm to the urethra for ejaculation

c)

to maintain temperature for sperm development in the testes

d)

to generate sperm for ejaculation and possible fertilization

39.

Blood doping is an illegal way of boosting athletic ability by increasing the blood’s ability to bring in more oxygen often by increasing the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. Blood doping can be dangerous to one's health and might cause

a)

leukemia.

b)

hemophilia.

c)

a heart attack.

d)

a malignant tumor.

40.

Leukemia is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow. Symptoms include bruising, fatigue, fever, and chronic infections. Health care professionals detect leukemia when a _____________ is evidenced.

a)

rise in red blood cells

b)

decrease in blood oxygen

c)

rise in white blood cells

d)

lack of clotting in the blood

41.

Which of these is controlled by the automatic nervous system (ANS)?

a)

breathing

b)

running

c)

talking

d)

yawning

42.

Which of these is a function of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)?

a)

dilating the pupils

b)

relaxing the bladder

c)

decreasing the heart rate

d)

increasing the blood flow to the muscles

43.

Which of these may be caused by past physical, sexual, or emotional abuse?

a)

epilepsy

b)

depression

c)

Alzheimer’s

d)

schizophrenia

44.

Which hormone triggers egg development in females?

a)

estrogen

b)

progesterone

c)

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

d)

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

45.

Nerve cells have a unique shape. It is similar to that of a tree with a long trunk (axon) and many thin, branching extensions (dendrites). Why is it important that the nerve cells have this shape to function most efficiently?

a)

the dendrites will grow until they reach the final target for the signal

b)

the axon will thicken and stretch to reach areas where there are no nerve cells

c)

the shape of the neuron is not important as it would function just as effieciently in any shape

d)

the dendrites extend to reach out to other nerve cells to pass chemical and electrical messages quickly

46.

A gland is a group of cells that act as a secretory structure in the human body. This secreting body releases chemical substances: substances that can take a variety of forms and that each perform a specific function in the body. There are two types of glands, endocrine and exocrine. All BUT ONE statement describes an endocrine gland.

a)

Are ductless glands.

b)

Release secretions through a duct.

c)

Many are responsible for secreting hormones.

d)

Release secretions directly into the blood stream.

47.

A student taking an anatomy and physiology course is asked to identify the parts of the spinal cord using a cross section. The area of the cell that is represented by heavily myelinated sheaths of axons would be indicated by which letter(s)?

a)

A only

b)

A and B

c)

C and D

d)

B, C, D, and E

48.

Compare and contrast endocrine and exocrine glands. What statement could be included in section B?

a)

sweat gland

b)

produce hormones

c)

secrete into blood stream

d)

produce and secrete products.

49.

You have type O- blood. Your sister has type A- blood. Can you donate to your sibling? Explain.

a)

No, because you have anti-A antibodies.

b)

No, because your sister has anti-O antibodies.

c)

Yes, because you do not have any antigens to be attacked by the type A blood.

d)

Yes, because you do not have any antibodies to be attacked by the type A blood.

50.

A model of blood sugar homeostasis is shown in the image here. Blood sugar levels are regulated by insulin and glucagon. When an individual has diabetes, their blood sugar levels can remain high without the ability for the feedback loop to control it. One of the symptoms of diabetes is increased urination.

Based on the image and the scenario, select ALL of the accurate and true options that apply to blood sugar regulation.

a)

Individuals with diabetes may lack a functional glucagon molecule, increasing their blood sugar levels permanently.

b)

An individual affected by diabetes will eventually return to homeostasis since blood sugar levels are tightly controlled.

c)

Individuals with diabetes may lack a functional insulin molecule, which would reduce the ability of lowering their blood sugar.

d)

Increased blood sugar levels could draw water from the cells to the bloodstream since the blood is hypertonic to the surrounding cells.

e)

Increased blood sugar levels will increase the osmolarity of the blood, causing water to be retained in the blood. This could lead to increased urination to rid the body of the water and glucose.