WorksheetsESS fall final 2021
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 45mins
How old is the universe?
13.4 million years old
infinate
13.8 Billion years old
50,000 years old
What is redshift a measurement of?
a wavelength of red light
the amount of red light present in an object
how quickly an object is moving away from you
the age of the universe
According to Hubble's Law, the farther the galaxy....
the greater its velocity
the less velocity it has
speed is unaffected
What is the source of the perfect Thermal background in microwaves that covers space?
The big bang
the scattering of light from interstellar gas
dust that is reflecting light at lower wavelengths
light from the upper atmosphere of earth
from our galaxy it looks as though everything is space is moving away from us, if we were to look from a distant galaxy instead it would look like....
everything is moving away
everything is moving toward us
everything is rotating around us
the universe is expanding in one direction and contracting in the other.
Edwin Hubble discovered that nearly all of the galaxies are red shifted, this is interpreted as
an aging of light
a difference in temperature of galaxies
that the universe is infinite
that the universe is expanding in every direction
all stars form from the same process, but their ending depends on what?
temperature
luminosity
mass
brightness
what causes the nebular cloud to begin to condense, spin and heat up.
weak force
electromagnetic force
gravity
none of these
What happens in the process of fusion?
He atoms are fused to form H
H atoms are fused to form He
He atoms are fused to form C
C atoms are fused to form Fe
The type of plate boundaries that is least likely to have volcanoes is...
transform
convergent
subduction
divergent
according to plate tectonics, the San Andreas fault is a/an....
subduction zone
area of seafloor spreading
convergent boundary
transform plate boundary
sea-floor spreading, mountain building and volcanoes can all be attributed to
magnetism
gravity
convection currents in the mantle
hot spots
The Hawaiian Islands are the result of
oceanic- oceanic plate movement
a hot spot
a divergent plate boundary
oceanic- continental plate movement
the inner core is
solid, made of iron and nickel
liquid, made of iron and nickel
solid, made of silicon
liquid, made of silicon
the driving mechanism of plate movement is
rotation of the earth
gravity
magnetism
convection currents
mid-ocean ridges are examples of what type of boundary
transform
convergent
divergent
reverse
the Earth is divided in layers because of
thickness
density
time of formation
physical state
Wegener's theory of continental drift was not widely accepted because
he did not publish his ideas
he had no evidence
people thought he was crazy
he could not explain why and how the continents moved
the origin of an earthquake is called the
epicenter
focus
center
which of the following earthquake waves travel through all types of materials?
P waves
S waves
L waves
The difference in arrival time between P and S waves can be used to determine
the location of the epicenter
the distance from the seismograph to the epicenter
the speed of a seismic wave
all of the above
reversals of the Earth's magnetic field
cause sea-floor spreading
produce "stripe" patterns in the magnetism of rocks at mid ocean ridges
are responsible for hot-spots
cause fault lines
at a mid-ocean ridge, you would expect to find
very ancient rocks
very thick accumulations of sediment
thrust faults
relatively young rocks
how many seismograph stations are needed to locate an epicenter
2
3
4
5
stars, like the sun, get their energy through what process?
Nuclear fusion of H to He
Nuclear fission of H to He
Nuclear fusion of He to H
Nuclear fission of He to H
After the sun formed there was great deal of gas, mostly hydrogen, left dispersed through the solar system. What happened to most of this hydrogen?
it was fused into other elements forming the planets
condensed to form the asteroid belt
it was swept away by solar wind
it is still present as a very thin gas on the plane of the solar system.
Which of the following statements best describes how the planets of the solar system were formed?
planets are condensed rings of matter thrown off by the young Sun
planets are remains of an exploded star once paired in a binary system with our Sun
the Sun captured the planets from smaller, older nearby stars.
They formed through the process of accretion from the same nebular cloud of gas and dust that formed our Sun.
Which of the following is farthest from the Sun?
Jupiter
Pluto
Kuiper Belt
Oort Cloud
Which of the following are terrestrial planets?
Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune
Mercury, Uranus, Neptune
Mercury, Venus, Mars
Venus, Jupiter, Saturn
Eventually, fusion reactions in the core will cause the amount of helium to _______ in the Sun's core.
increase
decrease
stay the same
Which of the following does NOT characterize a Terrestrial planet?
Dense
Gaseous
Relatively close to the Sun
Rocky
Which of the following does NOT support the big bang theory?
Hubble's expansion law
cosmic microwave background radiation
nucleosynthesis
cosmological constant
Which of the following describes big bang nucleosynthesis?
the nuclei of many atoms were created before the big bang
the reason there is "so much" helium in the universe is because it was formed by fusion inside the cores of massive stars
only the heat from the big bang can account for "so much" (25%) helium in the universe
hydrogen fuses into helium whenever it wants
star A is ________ than star D
Hotter and Brighter
Hotter and dimmer
Cooler and brighter
Cooler and dimmer
Star C is what classification of star?
Main Sequence
White Dwarf
Red Giant
Red Supergiant
White Dwarfs are _____ than Red Giants
Cooler
Hotter
Redder
Brighter
Bigger stars are generally ______ than small stars
Brighter
Dimmer
Yellower
Better
What happens when a gas and dust cloud begins to shrink?
Pressure rises
Density Rises
Temperature Rises
All of the above
Which of the following elements is considered the fuel for stars?
water
methane
hydrogen
gasoline
What factor determines the evolution of a star?
Its age
Its composition
Its rotational rate
Its mass
a star that fails to gain enough mass to start fusion is called...
a black hole
a neutron star
a brown dwarf
a white dwarf
the elements that make up the planets were formed
inside a main sequence star
immediately after the big bang
after a massive star exploded into a supernova
on the moon
which type of star is represented by this lifecycle?
High mass star
Low mass star
Which stage of a star's lifecycle takes the longest and is thus the most common type of star observed
Nebula
Main Sequence
Red Giant
Supernova
What is happening at stage D
a planetary nebula
a supernova
the big bang
a twinkle
