WorksheetsBiology Midterm Review
Total questions: 51
Worksheet time: 26mins
Biology is the study of__________
land, water and air on Earth
all living things
the environment
animals and plants
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?
growth and development
responding to environment
ability to reproduce
ability to move
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
mitochondria
chloroplast
ribosome
nucleus
What type of cells have a cell membrane?
animal cells only
plant cells only
plant and animal cells only
all cells
Scientists do not consider viruses to be living things, however they do have some characteristics of living organisms. What characteristics of living things do viruses have?
ability to evolve
growth and development
ability to reproduce on their own
living things all use a universal genetic code
Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why birds fly south for the winter?
Living things respond to the environment
Living things have a metabolism
living things are made up of units called cells
living things all use a universal genetic code
Which organic molecule is depicted above?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Which of the following is a function of proteins?
quick energy
waterproof covering
long term energy
building blocks of muscles
When your body gets too hot you sweat and when you get too cold you shiver. Which characteristic of living things would this fall under?
Living things have a metabolism.
Living things maintain an internal balance.
Living things are made up of units called cells.
Living things all use a universal genetic code
Plant and animal cells have several similar characteristics however they also have several differences as well. Which option below shows how plant cells are different than animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall and a large central vacuole and animal cells do not.
Plant cells have chloroplast and a ribosomes and animal cells do not.
Plant cells have a nucleus and a nucleus and animal cells do not.
Plant cells have a large central vacuole and cytoplasm and animal cells do not.
Many different factors influence the rate of evolution. The table lists several factors affecting four populations.
Which population will most likely experience the fastest rate of evolution?
Pop 1
Pop 2
Pop 3
Pop 4
The Canyon spotted whiptail and the Sonoran spotted whiptail are lizard species that live in the same desert. The Canyon spotted whiptail is composed of males and females that reproduce sexually. The Sonoran spotted whiptail is an all-female species that reproduces asexually.
Which lizard species is most likely to survive a drastic sudden change in their environment?
The Sonoran spotted whiptail because all members of the species can reproduce.
The Sonoran spotted whiptail because their genetic similarities will keep the species stable.
The Canyon spotted whiptail because species that reproduce sexually reproduce at a faster rate than asexual species.
The Canyon spotted whiptail because their genetic differences improve their chances of adapting to the new environment.
What evidence is supported by the alligator and mouse embryos sharing similarities during development?
These organisms have a related ancestor.
Development of organisms is unique to each species.
Development is unrelated to the physical features of an organism.
The female parent determines the physical features of the offspring.
The table shows the number of similar amino acid residues in the beta chain of hemoglobin of different species as compared to human beta chain hemoglobin amino acids.
Frogs are more closely related to humans than humans are to mice.
Chickens are more closely related to humans than dogs are to mice.
Mice are more closely related to humans than mice are to chickens.
Dogs are more closely related to humans than dogs are to chickens.
During the industrial revolution in Europe many of the native trees in the area became covered in soot from the nearby factories. The peppered moths in this area had two distinct colorings, white and black. Before the industrial revolution the number of white peppered moths in the area significantly outnumbered the amount of black peppered moths. After five years of the industrial revolution the number of white peppered moths showed a decrease, but the number of black peppered moths showed a major increase in numbers.
What could be the most likely cause of this major change in the peppered moth population?
White peppered moths migrated to another region.
Black peppered moths were favored due to the change in the coloring of the tree bark.
White peppered moths were favored due to the change in the coloring of the tree bark.
Black peppered moths migrated from neighboring regions at a higher rate than the white moths.
In Florida, mice that live on the white sands of the barrier islands tend to be lighter in color than mice that live in the vegetation on the mainland. Which of the following statements describes how mice on the barrier islands most likely evolved their light coat color through natural selection?
The light-colored mice were easier prey for birds than the dark-colored mice.
The light-colored mice learned to shed more of their fur than the dark-colored mice.
The light-colored mice had a greater reproductive advantage on the barrier islands than the dark-colored mice.
The light-colored mice migrated from the mainland to the barrier islands more recently than the dark-colored mice.
Which statement best explains what is happening at Point A?
Population growth decrease as individual crabs gets older.
The population is stabilizing as it approaches carrying capacity.
Destruction of habitat is causing a decline in the population of the crabs.
The introduction of a new producer is causing a decline in population growth of the crabs.
Which type of population growth is being shown in the graph
exponential
logistic
growth cannot be determined
no growth
Wild red wolves were once common in the southeastern United States. As this area became
more developed, the number of wild red wolves was drastically reduced to about 20 individuals by 1967. These remaining wolves were captured and bred. In 1987, some captive-born red wolves were released into an area of North Carolina. Today, there are more than 50 wild red wolves living in North Carolina.
Using your knowledge of genetic drift, which statement is true for the current population of red wolves.
The are less genetic diversity in the original population than the current population.
The is more genetic diversity in the current population that the original population.
There is less genetic diversity in the current population than the original population.
There is not an allele frequency change in the current and original populations.
Which two layers indicate a dramatic temperature change from cold to warm?
Layer 1 to layer 2
Layer 2 to layer 3
Layer 3 to layer 4
Layer 4 to layer 5
Which statement best describes the DNA molecules made from this process
The new DNA molecules identical to each other but not to the original molecule.
The new DNA molecules are identical to only one strand in the original
The new DNA molecules are identical to each other and to the original molecule.
The new DNA molecules are not identical to or to the original molecule to provide genetic variation.
Lung cancer cells do not respond to the signals that regulate the growth of the normal lung cells. Which of the following processes is not appropriately regulated in cancerous cells?
Transpiration
Fertilization
Mitosis
Meiosis
Cell cycle checkpoints are proteins that monitor and regulate the progress of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells. Which statement best describes what would most likely happed if a cell is permitted to progress to mitosis without this preparation phase?
The new cells would all have the organelles except the nucleus
The number of chromosomes in the daughter cells would be the same as the parent
the new cells would have all the organelles except the mitochondria
the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells would be different than the parent
Some specialized cells like nerve cells permanently lose their ability to divide and remain in a phase known as....
S
G0
G2
G1
Semi-Conservative replication of DNA refers to the idea that
each half of the DNA molecule is joined with a new complementary DNA strand
DNA molecules need to unwind before replication begins
the 2 strands of DNA run in opposite directions
each new DNA molecule contains 2 new RNA strands
What does Chargaff's base pair rule state?
Guanine always bonds with adenine and cytosine always bonds with thymine
Guanine always bonds with cytosine and adenine always bonds with thymine
Guanine always bonds with thymine and cytosine always bonds with adenine
The sugar and phosphate bond in the middle
Which best explains why DNA replication in the human body is important?
it is needed for cell division
it is necessary for protein synthesis
it replaces any damaged DNA in cells
it produces RNA strands
Which phase of mitosis is represented?
prophase
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
What is the correct order of the stages above?
2 4 3 1 5
3 1 4 5 2`
1 2 3 4 5
2 3 1 4 5
The stage in the cell cycle where the cell spends the majority of their life is
Meiosis
Interphase
prophase
Mitosis
What part of protein synthesis is being depicted in the diagram?
Transcription
Translation
Fertilization
Replication
Where does transcription take place in a cell?
nucleus
cytoplasm
ribosomes
chloroplast
What is the purpose of transcription?
replicate chromosomes before cell division
transfer information for a protein code
removed mutations in the DNA
provide a source of energy
How do the functions of DNA and RNA differ?
DNA directs protein transport, while RNA aids in energy production
RNA directs protein transport, while DNA aids in energy production
DNA stores genetic information while RNA relays genetic information
RNA stores genetic information while DNA relays genetic information
Which of the following is correctly matched with its function?
mRNA contains codes to make new ribosomes
tRNA combines with proteins to make up ribosomes
DNA carries amino acids to the ribosomes
mRNA carries the genetic codes to the ribosomes
Sickle Cell disease is a genetic disorder that is caused by a DNA mutation that exchanges one base for another, which changes one amino acid in hemoglobin. What is this type of mutation?
deletion
frameshift
substitution
inversion
The section labeled A is a _____________
biological catalyst
gene
chromosome
protein
Lactose intolerance is the inability to break down a type of sugar called lactose. Lactose is commonly found in dairy products, such as milk and yogurt. A person is lactose intolerant when their small intestine stops making enough of the enzyme, lactase, to be able to digest lactose. What is the primary cause of the deficiency?
An error, which occurs within the DNA strand, resulting in a change in the gene which codes for the enzyme Lactase.
An environmental change resulting in abnormal shapes of tRNA causing the appropriate anticodon to match to the corresponding mRNA codon.
An error which occurs during translation of a gene, resulting in a change in the amino acid sequence for the enzyme lactase.
An environmental change resulting in a substitution of a nucleotide base on the mRNA strand causing a change in the sequence of amino acids for Lactase.
Use the codon chart to help you answer the question below. What is the correct amino acid sequence for the DNA strand of TAC CCG TAA CGT
Methionine, Glycine, Isoleucine, Alanine
Methionine, Alanine, Histidine, Leucine
Glycine, Isoleicine, stop
Asparagine, Glycine, Isoleucine, Alanine
What process results in egg cells with genetic compositions that are different than the female parent?
Replication of chromosomes during interphase
realignment of chromosomes during metaphase
crossing over of chromosomes during prophase I
separation of chromosomes during anaphase II
Gametes contain half the number of chromosomes than other cells in the body. When are gametes produced in organisms?
meiosis
mitosis
replication
transcription
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
to increase the number of body cells
to reduce the number of chromosomes in gametes
to reduce the chance of genetic variation
increase desirable mutations
Which stage produces the haploid condition for the four daughter cells?
replication
recombination
division 1
division 2
In what way do the products of meiosis differ from the products of mitosis?
meiosis results in new cells
meiosis results in egg or sperm
meiosis results in 2 daughter cells
meiosis results in cells identical to parent cell
The process of meiosis produced which of the cells above
1 only
3 only
1 and 2
2 and 3
Which event during meiosis introduces genetic variation
condensation due to forming distinct chromosomes
replication of DNA to make copies
crossing over of homologous chromosomes
migration of chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell
What is the genetic significance of crossing over
increases genetic variation
increasing mutation possibilties
to allow 2 of the 4 cells to have identical chromosomes
to recombine new genes with old ones
where do the genes of offspring come from in sexually reproducing organisms?
all from mom
all from dad
half from mom and half from dad
offspring do not receive genes from parents.
What is the end result of meiosis
2 identical cells
4 haploid cells
4 diploid cells
2 haploid cells
Which process is attributed to causing an additional 21st chromosomes in this human karyotype?
duplication
monosomy
nondisjunction
translocation
What type of mutation causes an extra 21st chromosme?
monosomy
trisomy
meiosis
deletion
