auditory (production)

acoustic (transmission)

articulatory (perception)

visual (appearance)

V is always voiced

C involves obstruction of air when producing a sound

C is always voiced

C are classified by place and manner of articulation

It refers to how the airstream is affected as it exits the lungs and mouth

It refers to the altitude of the speaker's surroundings

It refers to the attitude of the speaker during a conversation

It refers to the condition of the mouth

7

4

6

5

stop/plosive (oral & nasal)

fricative

affricate

trill

lateral

lateral

fricative

affricate

semi vowel/glide

bilabial

the position of the tongue

degree of openness of the mouth

shape of the lips

the pressure applied when spoken

places where the constrictions and obstructions of air occur

"..the point in the vocal tract where the speech organs restrict the passage of air in some way so producing distinctive speech sounds"

Acoustics Ph. is the study of the physical properties of speech

Articulatory Ph. looks at the interaction of different vocal organs to produce particular sounds

Auditory Ph. refers to how the speaker perceives their own voice

Alveolar, stop, voiced

Labiodental, fricative, voiced

Alveolar, stop, voiceless

Labiodental, fricative, voiceless

Velar, nasal, voiced

Velar, stop, voiceless

Glottal, fricative, voiceless