a policy of us opposition to any European interference in the affairs of the western hemisphere announced by president Monroe in 1823.

a series of agreements passed by congress in 1820-1821 to maintain the balance of power between slave states and free states

American lawyer, solider, and stateman who served as the seventh president of the united states from 1829-1832.

the practice of winning candidates rewarding their supporters with government jobs.

marches in which the Cherokee people were forcibly removed from Georgia to the Indian territories in 1838-1840 with thousands of the Cherokee dying on the way.

a financial crisis in which banks closed and the credit system collapsed resulting in many bankruptcies and hush unemployment.

areligious gathering designed to reawaken faith through impassioned preaching

an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist, and poet who led the Transcendentalism movement

philosophical and literary movement of the 1800s that emphasized living a simple life and celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal emotion and imagination

American naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher, a leading transcendentalist he is best known for his book "Walden"

an experimental community designed to be a perfect society in which its members could live together in harmony

movement to end slavery

a prominent American Christian, abolitionist, journalist, suffragist, and social reformer.

the freeing of slaves

american social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and salesman, became a national leader of the abolitionist after escaping slavery in Maryland.

an economic system in which private individuals and corporations control the means of production and use them to earn profits

a person who organizes operates and assumes the risk for a business venture

the 19th centry belief that the united states would inevitably expand westward to the pacific ocean into the mexican territory

to incorporate the terrioty int an exisint political unit such as a state of nation

an 1853 purchase by the united state of land from mexico establishing the present as mexico boundary

the formal withdrawal of a state from the union

a system in which the residents vote to decide on a issue

a system of routes along which runaway slaves were helped to escape to canada or a safe area in free state

confederate states of america a confederacy formed in 1861 by the southern states after their secession from the union

led many slaves to freedom on the underground railroad "black moses"

american lawyer and stateman who served as the 16th president of the united states from 1861-1865