WorksheetsSemester Exams 1, 2 A&B
Total questions: 69
Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins
What does the atomic number tell us
A number of protons
B number of neutrons
C number of electrons
A&C
Which of the following is not a reason water is the most important liquid on earth
it is a solvent
it nuclear bonds aid in cellular operations
it is a cohesive & adhesive
it has a high heat capacity
which type of bonding occurs when electrons are "shared"
covalent
ionic
nuclear
hydrogen
Which type of bonding occurs when electrons are "taken"
ionic
nuclear
covalent
hydrogen
How many valence electrons do most atoms usually "want"
2
4
6
8
Which of the following is not a function of proteins
support
transport
hormones
defense
all of the above are functions of proteins
Which of the following is not one of the main types of nucleotides
adenine
cytosol
thymine
guanine
What type of organic molecules are used for immediate energy
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
mitochondria
proteins
How many sugars do disaccharides contain
1
2
3
4
What carries out specific functions that allow cells to survive and function
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
organelles
Which of the following lack membrane bound organelles
A eukaryotes
B prokaryotes
C bacteria
D both B & C
What is a single, coiled chromosome called and what are they found in
plasmid, bacteria
ribonucleic acid, eukaryotes
nucleoid, prokaryotes
plasmid, eukaryotes
Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis
chloroplast
mitochondria
thylakoid membrane
chlorophyll
This organelle is mainly responsible for packaging within the cell
rough ER
smooth ER
golgi apparatus
vacuole
What organelles maintain the shape of the cell
endomembranic skeletalite
mircotubules
calcium carbonate vesicles
cellular oscines
How do polar covalent bonds form
one atom is more electronegative than the other
one atom is more negative than the other
Electrons are
negative
positive
neutral
Protons are
negative
positive
neutral
Nutrons are
neutral
positive
negative
What two elements must a molecules contain in order to be considered organic
hydrogen
water
carbon
helium
Contains genetic information required for protein synthesis
nucleus
peroxisomes
ribosomes
A jelly like fluid found in cells that helps maintain cellular shape
cytosplasm
ribosomes
vacuole
microtubules
Transcribe DNA to create mRNA
Ribosomes
nucleus
chloroplast
Processes specific proteins to be delivered throughout the cell
Rough ER
centrioles
golgi apparatus
Smooth ER
Delivers proteins created from the Rough ER
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Vacuole
Processes & bundles molecules for transport inside & outside the cell
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Centrioles
Contains enzymes to break down Hydrogen Peroxide
Peroxisomes
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Membranous sacs that contain fluids & can maintain turgor pressure
Vacuole
Nucleus
Cytosplasm
Captures light energy for the process of photosynthesis
chloroplast
centrioles
cilia & flagella
Undergo cellular respiration to create ATP
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Maintain the shape of the cell they are a part of the cytoskeleton
Microtubules
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Helps in cell division
centrioles
cytoplasm
vacuole
Composed of microtubules & are used in cell movement
Cilia & flagella
Rough ER
Smooth ER
What are the 5 of the 6 elements that can be part of organic molecules
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus
carbon, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, air, phosphorus
what are 3 of the 5 reasons water is so vital to life
water is a solvent
water is a solute
water is adhesion and cohesion
water has a high heat compacity
3 components make up a nucleotide
Sugar
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate group
Water
Difference between saturated and unsaturated fats
Saturated fats are saturated in hydrogen, do not have double bonds between carbon atoms
Unsaturated fats are not saturated in hydrogen, have double bonds between carbon atoms
Unsaturated fats are saturated in hydrogen, have no double bonds between carbon atoms
3 parts of the Cell Theory
All cells come from pre existing cells
Cells are the basic units of structure & function in organisms
All organisms are composed of one or more cells
All cells come from other cells
3 shapes of bacteria
round
spiral
rod shaped
spherical
What organelle produces ATP
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
What model is used to describe the cell membrane
fluid dynamic model
fluid mosaic model
liquid model
none of the above
Which type of protein allows molecules to pass through the cell membrane without using ATP
channel protein
carrier protein
cell recognition protein
channel regulator proteins
In what type of solution does the cell shrivel
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Acid
In what type of solution do blood cells burst
isotonic
hypotonic
hypertonic
basic
This type of active transport protein is found in muscle cells. Without it the ion gradient could not occur across the membrane and cells would cease to function
Sodium chloride pump
Sodium potassium channel
Sodium potassium pump
Potassium lithium regulators
Which of the following will impact the way proteins function
Temperature
pH
Enzyme Cofactors
All of the above
which of the following describes an organism that must feed on other organisms to gather energy
autotroph
chemotroph
homotroph
heterotroph
which of the following describes an organism that can gather energy from the sun
autotroph
chemotroph
homotroph
heterotroph
which of the following correctly identifies where in the plant the raw materials for photosynthesis are gethered
roots- water, stoma- oxygen
roots - carbon dioxide, stoma - carbon dioxide
roots - water, stoma - carbon dioxide
roots - sugars, stoma - carbon dioxide
which photosynthetic pigments are most common on plant earth
a chlorophyll a
b chlorophyll b
c carotene
d xanthophyll
e a&b
in Lab 6: cellular catalase reactions you measured the rate of catalase in liver cells. which combination correctly identifies the enzyme & substrate complex
catalase- enzyme, hydrogen peroxide- enzyme
catalase- substrate, hydrogen peroxide- substrate
catalase- enzyme, hydrogen peroxide- substrate
this lab did not give the required data to answer this question
which of the following types of photosynthesis us PEP Carboxylase instead of RuBP Carboxylase
C3
CAM
C4
Which of the following types of photosynthesis uses PEP Carboxylase instead of RuBP Carboxylase at night
C3
CAM
C4
In an isotonic solution, there is not an equal amount of solution/solute inside and outside the cell
true
false
Kinetic energy is energy of motion
true
false
Potential energy is the energy of motion
true
false
The Calvin Cycle uses NADP+ and ADP from the light reactions of photosynthesis
true
false
molecules enter the ETC with high energy and leave with low energy
true
false
The overall equation of Photosynthesis
6H2o + 6Co2 - C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 - 6Co2 +6H2o +ATP
Contrast Endocytosis and Exocytosis
endocytosis allows large molecules to enter the cell and excoytosis allows large molecules to exit the cell If these processes weren't possible than the cell cannot function properly
endocytosis allows large molecules to exit the cell and excoytosis allows large molecules to enter the cell If these processes weren't possible than the cell cannot function properly
Develop a drug that can correct manifolded proteins. Where in the cell would the drug have to be delivered and what occurs when a protein is misfolded
the drug would have to be delivered to the nucleus to alter DNA & amino acid sequence, and if a protein is misfolded it will not function properly and you could die
the drug would have to be delivered to the protein to alter DNA & amino acid sequence, and if a protein is misfolded it will not function properly and you would be fine
Mammals salivary glands, secret the enzyme amylase it breaks down starches in foods. if you were to stain & view these cells under a microscope which organelle(s) would you see in abundance. describe why these organelles would be more abundant than others
The Golgi body help protect from disease and viruses they would be in abundant. Secretion would be more abundant due to its process with storing energy
The organelles help protect from disease and viruses they would be in abundant. Secretion would be more abundant due to its process with storing fats
Define diffusion. describe isotionic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions and what happens in both plant and blood cells in each solution
diffusion the process of molecules spreading from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Plant cells in isotionic plant is at equilibrium & has equal amount of solute in and out of the cell , hypertonic plant is shriveled has more solutes in solution than in the cell, hypotoic plant is exploded it has more solute in the cell than in solution
Blood cells in isotionic blood cell is at equilibrium & has equal amount of solute in and out of the cell , hypertonic blood cell is shriveled has more solutes in solution than in the cell, hypotoic blood cell is exploded it has more solute in the cell than in solution
diffusion the process of molecules spreading from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Compare and Contrast competitive and non competitive enzymes inhibition
competitive bonds to an active site
non competitive hibter bonds to something else
both bond to an active site
use your knowledge of proteins and how they function to describe how this fever response is an effective method for killing or at least diminishing the pathogen
the fever response denatures proteins so they cannot function, your white blood cells and enzymes try to rid the body of pathogens
the fever response helps proteins so they can function, your white blood cells and enzymes try to keep the body full of pathogens
Create a herbicide that will only kill C4 photosynthetic plants. how is C4 photosynthesis different from C3 because of this difference which molecule should this herbicide destroy and how would this effect the fixation of CO2 and overall photosynthetic process
C4 photosynthesis uses PEP Carboxylase instead of RuBP carboxylase. This herbicide would need to destroy PEP Carboxylase. The CO2 couldn't be fixed and photosynthesis wouldn't be able to make glucose and would die.
C4 photosynthesis uses RuBP Carboxylase instead of PEP carboxylase. This herbicide would need to destroy RuBP Carboxylase. The CO2 couldn't be fixed and photosynthesis wouldn't be able to make glucose and would die.
The main molecule used in cellular respiration to create ATP comes from what process
Photosynthesis
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle
ETC
Using your knowledge of cellular respiration what cell organelle must cyanide be acting on. What membrane bound protein structure does cyanide ultimately prevent from having the necessary hydrogen ion gradient it needs to function and in doing so what does cyanide prevent this protein from creating and how would this affect the cell and the organism being exposed to cyanide.
The cell organelle cyanide would act on the mitochondria it prevents ATP synthase from having the correct needs to work on the ETC which prevents it from creating ATP if it has no ATP than it would die from having no energy
The cell organelle cyanide would act on the Krebs Cycle it goes to ATP synthase and having the correct needs to work on the ETC it helps it create ATP if it has ATP than it would die from having to much cyanide
Using this knowledge of the inhospitable environment LUCA lived in & your knowledge of cellular respiration describe one crucial piece of evidence that supports the existence of LUCA and how this relates it to nearly all known organisms on planet earth and be sure to describe the early atmosphere of planet earth
LUCA was anaerobic which means little to no oxygen, Glycolisis is the process in which all living things have
LUCA was aerobic which means oxygen, Glycolisis is the process in which all living things have
