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WorksheetsAP Bio Unit 4: Cell Communication
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 13mins
A signal transduction pathway...
activates a sequence of reactions in different molecules.
transports signaling molecules throughout the body.
alerts cells in the vicinity.
is a distraction from the real root of all evil, the liberal agenda.
What is paracrine signaling?
Messages sent between plants to activate ripening.
Screaming pelicans.
When a signaling molecule is sent to multiple cells in the vicinity.
Neurotransmitters being transmitted down an axon.
Name and describe the three stages of the signal transduction pathway.
Response: A specific cellular response is initiated.
Reception: A signaling molecule binds to a receptor protein.
Second messenger: A second messenger is initiated by the first messenger.
Transduction: Binding activates a series of changes/reactions in different molecules.
There are three components to G protein-coupled receptors. What are they?
G-protein-coupled receptor; G-protein; GDP
G protein-coupled receptor; second messenger; ADP
G protein-coupled receptor; second messenger; GDP
What is GDP/GTP?
It is how much money a country earns each year.
It provides energy for the signal transduction pathway.
Georgia Tech Police
The ligand for a G coupled-protein receptor.
Pinocytosis is....
Ligands bind to receptors, and then gather in a cluster to be engulfed by a vesicle. This swallows extracellular fluid with tiny molecules.
Vesicles are formed from the plasma membrane and engulf small molecules suspended in fluid.
Psuedopodia, formed from cell membrane, engulfs a large particle and surrounds it in a food vacuole.
Phagocytosis is...
Binge eating
Engulfing small, non-polar molecules suspended in extracellular fluid.
Psuedopodia, formed from cell membrane, engulfs a large particle and surrounds it in a food vacuole.
List two benefits of multistep pathways.
It amplifies the effects of the signal.
There are more points for coordination and control.
It produces more first messengers to spread the message to other cells.
What are the three traits of hormones?
Produced in small quantities
Travel to nearby cells.
Travels to other parts of the organism.
Result in unlocked DNA.
Travels through the circulatory system.
Which image accurately shows the difference between first and second messengers?
What is the function of a protein kinase?
Removes the phosphate group from a protein.
Attaches itself to an enzyme to change its structure.
Breaks down potassium.
Transfers a phosphate group from ATP to a protein (phosphorylation).
Neurons communicate with other cell via ___.
the endocrine system
electrical signals.
pH changes.
Which letter is pointing to the glial cells?
A
B
C
D
Which letter is the synapse?
E
F
D
C
What are waves of depolarization called?
(a)
The sodium and potassium pump is when ATP is used to pump _____ out while ____ is pumped inside.
Na+; K+
K+; Na+
Ca2+; K+
Na+; Ca2+
If depolarization allows the membrane potential to drop to a critical value, an action potential happens. What's the critical value called?
hyperpolarization value
threshold
resting potential
electronegative value
What happens during depolarization?
Stimuli increases permeability to cations, specifically when Na+ channels are open.
Stimuli increases permeability to anions, specifically when O2 channels are open.
The plasma membrane becomes less rigid, allowing bigger molecules to freely pass through.
Select all the types of receptors.
chemoreceptors
mechanoreceptors
electromagnetic receptors
thermoreceptors
pain receptors
Auxins stimulate stem (a) in plants.
Abscisic acid slows growth. What are two functions?
Tropism
Seed dormancy
Drought-tolerance
Apoptosis
