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Intro to Psych Final Review

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 3hrs 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of these is the most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology?

a)

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

b)

the scientific study of mental processes

c)

the scientific study of behavior

d)

the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes

2.
Which field of psychology evaluates people with problems, then helps them to resolve those problems and change their self-defeating behavior?
a)
Clinical psychology
b)
Counseling psychology
c)
Educational psychology
d)
Developmental psychology
3.
part of autonomic nervous, calms you down
a)
Parasympathetic 
b)
sympathetic 
4.
receiving end of a neuron
a)
dendrites
b)
synapatics
5.

Which structure in neural communication passes messages through its branches?

a)

Neuron

b)

Dendrite

c)

Axon

d)

Myelin

6.

Anna recently hit her head while rock climbing. Since the accident, her memory of the past has been limited and she has had trouble forming new memories. Based on this information she most likely damaged which brain component?

a)

amygdala

b)

hippocampus

c)

hypothalamus

d)

thalamus

7.

Peter was diagnosed with a disorder of the nervous system. His doctor explained that his brain is releasing neurotransmitters, the neurotransmitters are not being received. This means that his neurons most likely have which of the following malfunctioning?

a)

myelin sheath

b)

axon

c)

terminal buttons

d)

dendrites

8.

In a neuron, the _____ conducts information to other neurons, and the _____ receives information from other neurons?

a)

axon/dendrite

b)

dendrite/axon

c)

axon/soma

d)

soma/axon

9.

Heart rate, digestion, pupil dilation are involuntary processes controlled by the ____ nervous system

a)

autonomic

b)

automatic

c)

peripheral

d)

somatic

10.

Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

a)

cerebellum

b)

cerebrum

c)

reticular formation

d)

pons

11.

The _________ helps control voluntary movements.

a)

autonomic nervous system

b)

somatic nervous system

c)

endocrine system

12.
 emphasizes the role that thoughts play in determining behavior  
a)
evolutionary perspective
b)
cognitive perspective
c)
biological perspective
d)
all of the above
13.
 emphasizes the influences of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socio-economic status on behavior and mental processes 
a)
evolutionary perspective
b)
biological perspective
c)
sociocultural perspective
d)
all of the above
14.
Ryan’s social phobia has led him to lose jobs and relationships.  In this case, Ryan has a disorder because his behavior is:
a)
 dangerous.
b)
 common.
c)
 medically based.
d)
dysfunctional. 
15.
If researchers discovered that genetically influenced abnormalities in brain structure contribute to bipolar disorder, this would most clearly add credibility to: 
a)
 the DSM-V.
b)
 the medical model.
c)
 the social-cognitive perspective.
d)
 psychoanalytic theory.
16.
Years after he barely survived a terrorist attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event that render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is most clearly showing signs of: 
a)
 obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b)
 generalized anxiety disorder.
c)
 post-traumatic stress disorder.
d)
dysthymic disorder.
17.
Mr. James believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his life savings. Mr. James is most clearly suffering from: 
a)
  compulsions.
b)
  catatonia.
c)
 delusions.
d)
   hallucinations.
18.
The DSM-5 is designed to help with which of the following?
a)
treating psychological disorders
b)
identifying causes of psychological disorders
c)
classifying psychological disorders
d)
distinguishing between sanity and insanity
19.
What type of psychologist is most likely to wonder how the brain scans of someone experiencing an epileptic seizure differ from the scans of someone who has not had a seizure?
a)
clinical
b)
health
c)
developmental
d)
biological
20.

Which subspecialty in psychology focuses on the cognitive differences between a 6-year-old and a 12-year-old?

a)

neuropsychologist

b)

social

c)

developmental

d)

forensic

21.

Dr. Jean Piaget (1952) showed 5-year-old children two identical glass beakers each containing the same amount of liquid. The children had no difficultly understanding that the amount of liquid was the same in both containers. However, when the liquid from one beaker was poured into a tall, thin beaker, the children mistakenly believed that the taller glass had more liquid. Dr. Piaget concluded that children at this age lack the ability to understand that volume remains the same even if its appearance changes. Dr. Piaget was most likely a(n):

a)

educational psychologist

b)

developmental psychologist

c)

social psychologist

d)

human-factors psychologist

22.

The " Nurture" aspect of behavior focuses on

a)

Genetic traits that shape behavior

b)

How the Environment after birth influences behavior

c)

How parenting styles affect behavior

23.

Who studied unconscious and conscious behavior?

a)

Sigmund Freud

b)

B.F. Skinner

c)

Ivan Pavlov

d)

John B. Watson

24.

Which type of psychologist would most likely study a subject group from kindergarten to adulthood?

a)

Human-Factors

b)

Clinical

c)

Neuro

d)

Developmental

25.
Which of the following modern perspective focuses on how unconscious traumas, experiences, and motives affect human behavior?
a)

Psychoanalytic

b)
Behavioral
c)
Humanistic
d)
Cognitive
26.
Which branch of psychology would argue that a child who is hungry will not be able concentrate on schoolwork or being good in class?
a)
Humanistic
b)
Behavioral
c)
Socio-Cultural
d)
Biopsychosocial
27.
Which modern psychological perspective focuses on the impact of gender, economic status, peer pressure, and ethnicity on a person's behavior?
a)
Socio-Cultural
b)
Psychodynamic
c)
Behavioral
d)
Humanistic
28.
Disney wants to increase the creativity of its staff.  What type of psychologists could help rework their offices to encourage creativity?
a)
Humanistic
b)
Cognitive
c)
Industrial-Organization
d)
Counseling
29.

Which perspective believed psychology should emphasize the potential for growth of each human being and an individual’s freedom to make their own decisions?

a)

Biological

b)

Humanistic

c)

Psychodynamic

d)

Behavioral

30.

An imbalance of hormones can contribute to aggressive behavior.

a)

Biological perspective

b)

Psychodynamic perspective

c)

Humanistic perspective

d)

Cognitive perspective

31.

The conditioned stimulus (CS)

a)

Is the response to the Unconditioned stimulus

b)

Is originally the neutral stimulus that gains the power to cause the Conditioned response

c)

Triggers an unconditioned response reflexively or automatically whem Conditioned response happens

d)

Is what triggers the Unconditioned response to occur

32.

After classical conditioning, the Neutral stimulus (NS) becomes the :

a)

Unconditioned response

b)

unconditioned stimulus

c)

Conditioned stimulus

d)

conditioned response

33.

Once Pavlov's dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell, the bell was a?

a)

Unconditioned stimulus

b)

conditioned stimulus

c)

neutral stimulus

d)

unconditioned response

34.

In classical conditioning, the Unconditioned response:

a)

Happens after the Conditioned response

b)

is the response to the Conditioned stimulus

c)

is the response to the Unconditioned stimulus

d)

triggers the Unconditioned stimulus to occur.

35.

Which of the following is an unconditioned response?

a)

clapping after a thrilling concert performance

b)

jumping rope

c)

running through a maze to get a food reward

d)

sweating in hot weather

36.

Dylan’s mother buys him a sailor’s cap before they go on a family fishing trip. On the boat, Dylan gets nauseated and vomits. Th e next day he gets nauseated just from looking at the sailor’s cap. Th e sailor’s cap has become:

a)

The unconditioned stimulus

b)

The conditioned stimulus

c)

The conditioned response

d)

The unconditioned response

37.

When the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus, what occurs?

a)

Extinction

b)

Generalization

c)

Discrimination

d)

Nothing

38.

In classical conditioning, giving a conditioned response to the conditioned stimulus but not to stimuli similar to it = stimulus generalization

a)

True

b)

False

39.

The reappearance after a period of time of a conditioned response that has been subjected to extinction

a)

spontaneous recovery

b)

stimulus discrimination

c)

conditioned response (CR)

d)

stimulus generalization

40.

The process of using a reunforcement to alter the probability that a given behaviour will be repeated is known as

a)

Classical conditioning

b)

Iconic rote learning

c)

Operant conditioning

d)

Cognitive learning

41.
Perspective that focuses on the role thoughts play in behavior
a)
psychoanalytic
b)
behavioral
c)
cognitive
d)
sociocultural
42.
Perspective that focuses on the role unconscious forces play on behavior
a)
psychoanalytic
b)
behavioral
c)
cognitive
d)
sociocultural
43.
Perspective that focuses on the role society and culture play on behavior and mental processes
a)
psychoanalytic
b)
behavioral
c)
cognitive
d)
sociocultural
44.

Which psychologist(s) is/are most closely associated with consciousness and dream analysis?

a)

Professor Benson and Psychologist Wade

b)

B.F. Skinner

c)

Sigmund Freud

d)

Psychologist Mamie Clark

45.

Which perspective believed psychology should only study observable and objectively described acts?

a)

Humanistic

b)

Behaviorism

c)

Functionalism

d)

Structuralism

46.

Which perspective believed psychology should emphasize the potential for growth of each human being and an individual’s freedom to make their own decisions?

a)

Biological

b)

Humanistic

c)

Psychodynamic

d)

Behavioral

47.

This individual was responsible for accidentally discovering classical conditioning.

a)

Maslow

b)

Pavlov

c)

Watson

d)

Wundt

48.

Understanding how neurotransmitters, chemicals, and other physiological components affect behavior is a key feature of _____________ perspective.

a)

Cognitive

b)

Behavioral

c)

Biological

d)

Sociocultural

49.

He is a HUMANIST. He said to become fully functioning adults & try to reach or IDEAL SELF, we all need unconditional positive regard.

a)

Wilhelm Wundt

b)

Carl Rogers

50.

Father of Behaviorism. Said psych should only study that which is scientifically observable. Said if you give me 12 newborns, I can turn them into doctors or thieves.

a)

Sigmund Freud

b)

John B. Watson

51.
Which psychologist studied children’s thought processes (cognitive development)?
a)
Erik Erikson
b)
Carl Rogers
c)
Abraham Maslow
d)
Jean Piaget
52.

Which professional specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders?

a)

personality psychology

b)

biological psychology

c)

clinical psychology

d)

developmental psychology

53.

Which type of psychologist would most likely study a subject group from kindergarten to adulthood?

a)

Developmental

b)

Neuro

c)

Clinical

d)

Human-Factors

54.
This is a form of learning in which a stimulus gets a specific response
a)
classical conditioning
b)
operant conditioning
c)
consciousness
d)
itelligence quotient
55.
This is learning that takes place from consequences of reinforcement
a)
classical conditioning
b)
operant conditioning
c)
consciousness
d)
intelligence quotient
56.
This refers to the relationship between a child's mental age and their chronological age.
a)
classical conditioning
b)
operant conditioning
c)
consciousness
d)
intelligence quotient
57.
This is the part of the brain that deals with our vision
a)
occipital lobe
b)
parietal lobe
c)
temporal lobe
d)
midbrain
58.
This is the part of the brain that deals with our sensations
a)
occipital lobe
b)
parietal lobe
c)
temporal lobe
d)
midbrain
59.
This is the part of the brain that deals with our hearing
a)
occipital lobe
b)
parietal lobe
c)
temporal lobe
d)
midbrain
60.
This is the part of the brain deals with language function, logic, problem solving, and math
a)
left-brain
b)
frontal lobe
c)
temporal lobe
d)
right brain
61.
This is the part of the brain that deals with movement
a)
left-brain
b)
frontal lobe
c)
temporal lobe
d)
right brain
62.
This is the part of the brain that deals with imagination, art, feelings, and spatial relationships
a)
left-brain
b)
hindbrain
c)
forebrain
d)
right brain
63.
This is the developmental age at which a child is functioning
a)
moral principle
b)
pleasure principle
c)
mental age
d)
reality principle
64.
A student does a good job on math problems for homework, and the teacher awards a sticker. This demonstrates the use of
a)

Positive Punishment

b)

Positive Reinforcement

c)

Negative Reinforcement

d)

Negative Punishment 

65.

Tests to predict your ability to learn skills and show your strengths are

a)

Achievement Tests

b)

Intelligence Tests

c)

Aptitude Tests

66.

Psychologist that suggested intelligence consists of general and specific abilities

a)

Cattell

b)

Sternberg

c)

Gardner

d)

Spearman

67.

Psychologist that follows the Triarchic Theory

a)

Cattell

b)

Sternberg

c)

Gardner

d)

Spearman

68.

Brenda has learned that a flash of lightning signals an impending crash of thunder based on

her direct experiences with previous thunderstorms. This BEST illustrates:

a)

operant conditioning

b)

the Law of Effect

c)

observational learning

d)

classical conditioning

69.

Sam is an animal trainer at an aquarium. He has taught the aquarium seals to repeat certain

behaviors, such as slapping and barking, by tossing them a herring. This BEST illustrates:

a)

operant conditioning

b)

observational leanring

c)

classical learning

d)

respondent behavior

70.

Which of the following best describes delusions associated with schizophrenia or PTSD?

a)

Moments of extreme mania and than moments of depressive lows

b)

alse beliefs despite evidence to the contrary.

c)

anxiety, excessive worry, fear, and feeling of impending doom

d)

seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, or feeling something that isn't there.

71.

Which of the following best describes the response of members of the American Psychological Association to ethical issues in research?

a)

They have just begun to address such issues.

b)

They disclaim ethical concerns regarding research.

c)

They have developed codes of ethics for research with human participants only.

d)

They have developed codes of ethics for research with animal subjects only.

e)

They have developed codes of ethics for research with both human participants and animal subjects.

72.

Clinical researchers are interested in gaining insight into the causes of abnormal behavior. One way that they do this is to delve deeply into the histories of patients with a common diagnosis, interviewing family, friends, teachers, therapists, physicians, babysitters, and others who can provide rich details about the patients’ lives. Then, researchers try to see if there are any common themes in the information gathered. What research method does this strategy represent?

a)

Case study

b)

Naturalistic observation

c)

Quantitative analysis

d)

Experiment

e)

Quasi-experiment

73.

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

a)

An increase in pupil dilation

b)

A decrease in salivation

c)

A decrease in heart rate

d)

An increase in respiratory rate

e)

A decrease in digestion

74.

Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a

a)

slower heart rate

b)

speech deficit

c)

motor deficit

d)

hearing loss

e)

visual deficit

75.

Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?

a)

Amygdala

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Thalamus

d)

Cerebellum

e)

Hippocampus

76.

An individual with damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to have difficulty

a)

planning what to wear to a party

b)

distinguishing between red and green

c)

comprehending a spoken request for information

d)

remembering the name of a person in a photograph

e)

identifying an object held in the hand but not seen

77.

Four-year-old Scott fell down the stairs at his grandmother’s house. Although he was not badly hurt, he was very frightened. Now, whenever his parents mention visiting his grandmother’s house, he feels anxious and fearful. In classical conditioning terms, what are the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in the scenario, respectively?

a)

Anxiety; fear

b)

Grandmother’s house; fear

c)

Falling; anxiety

d)

Fear; grandmother’s house

e)

Grandmother’s house; falling

78.

Barney is a somewhat distractible second-grade student who finds schoolwork a bit boring. After a couple of minutes of working silently, Barney often starts to misbehave until his teacher, Ms. Skinner, calls his name and scolds him. However, he enjoys this attention from her and continues to misbehave. With respect to Barney’s misbehavior, Ms. Skinner’s attention serves as

a)

negative reinforcement

b)

punishment

c)

differential reinforcement

d)

primary reinforcement

e)

positive reinforcement

79.

normal curve

a)

The symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes.

b)

theorized that we have one general intelligence (g) that underlies all intelligent behavior; helped develop "factor analysis" to identify clusters of related items.

c)

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

d)

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.