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WH Unit 7 Test: The Industrial Revolution (1750-1914)

Total questions: 59

Worksheet time: 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which is true of life BEFORE the Industrial Revolution?

a)

Most of the work was done by human & animal muscle.

b)

Cars were very crude, and most were powered by steam.

c)

People were often nomadic, traveling from village to village for new jobs when they were available.

d)

Typically, people did not have many health issues, and very few women died in childbirth.

2.

_______ farmers combined fields, used animal feces for fertilizer, and expanded their farmland by building dikes & draining swamplands.

a)

Dutch

b)

English

c)

American

d)

Arab

3.

_______ farmers rotated crops, grew turnips, experimented with new soil combinations, and benefitted from Jethro Tull's new invention, the seed drill.

a)

Dutch

b)

British

c)

American

d)

North Korean

4.

The process of taking over and consolidating or combining lands formerly shared by peasant farmers.

a)

Enclosure

b)

Joint Stock Land Ventures

c)

Reunification

d)

Crop Rotation

5.

What happened as a result of better farming, hygiene, sanitation, health care, and more food in the Industrial Period.

a)

People became morbidly obese and did not live as long.

b)

Life expectancy & population decreased.

c)

Life expectancy & population increased.

d)

More people left the city to move to the country for work & food.

6.

The first textile factories were powered by water, but what invention by Thomas Newcomen allowed factories to move away from rivers?

a)

The internal combustion engine.

b)

The steam engine.

c)

The spinning jenny.

d)

The sheep sheer

7.

The process of separating iron from its ore.

a)

The Bessemer Process

b)

Smelting

c)

Spinning

d)

Boilermaking

8.

What are the four factors of production?

a)

Natural Resources, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurs

b)

Coal, Steel, Money, and Power

c)

Tenacity, Money, Shipping, Natural Resources

d)

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Power

9.

Because of its access to the four factors of production, _____ got a head start on the Industrial Revolution & was the early leader.

a)

The U.S.

b)

Germany

c)

Britain

d)

Russia

10.

____ + capital to produce supply + technology to produce it = favorable climate to make money.

a)

Resources

b)

Money

c)

Demand

d)

Wool

11.

What three inventions ended the putting-out system & led to the growth of factories.

a)

The flying shuttle, spinning jenny, and steam engine.

b)

The flying shuttle, spinning jenny, and water frame.

c)

The seed drill, cotton gin, and tractor.

d)

The steam engine, cotton gin, and the locomotive.

12.

What were the effects of Eli Whitney's invention, the cotton gin?

a)

Cotton production could now keep up with factories, but slavery increased to produce more cotton.

b)

Cotton was soon all used up, and slaves had to do other jobs.

c)

Demand for cotton decreased.

d)

Wool production ramped up to keep up with cotton, and slaves had to herd sheep.

13.

________ are toll roads built by entrepreneurs to allow goods to travel faster.

a)

Canals

b)

Interstates

c)

Highways

d)

Turnpikes

14.

Why were canals so significant to the growth of British industry?

a)

They were more expensive and less efficient than toll roads, but important in their time.

b)

They were more efficient than toll roads, so they cut transportation costs in half.

c)

They were not significant at all, this is a trick question.

d)

They caused an increase in prices, which made the British pound worth less.

15.

What ultimately displaced canals as the most efficient way to transport goods in the industrial revolution?

a)

Turnpikes

b)

Interstates

c)

Railroads

d)

Automobiles

16.

What did Britain do to maintain their early lead in industrialization?

a)

They banned exportation of any goods.

b)

They banned the importation of American goods.

c)

They banned the exportation of any of their inventions.

d)

They collaborated with the Germans to hide their secrets.

17.

Which country was leading manufacturing and producing 30% of the world's goods by 1900.

a)

Germany

b)

Britain

c)

France

d)

USA

18.

Why did the population of Manchester more than triple in only a 50-year period?

a)

It was the center of the British textile industry.

b)

Farming was no longer legal in Britain.

c)

It was the center of the British shipping industry.

d)

It had a popular nightlife.

19.

Which of the following describes the middle class during the Industrial Revolution? Check all that apply.

a)

Entrepreneurs, Merchants, and Artisans.

b)

Factory workers, Teachers, and Farmers

c)

Lived & ate well in nice single family homes.

d)

Lived & ate well in tenement homes

e)

Hired maids & cooks.

20.

Why did cholera spread in the cities in the early 1800s?

a)

Sewage contaminated drinking water.

b)

They refused vaccines.

c)

They lacked indoor plumbing.

d)

The people bathed only once a year.

21.

People who rejected the new industrial technology, and often vandalized it, because they felt that it threatened their jobs.

a)

Protesters

b)

Luddites

c)

Misers

d)

Union Members

22.

What religious group helped the working class become more literate during this period?

a)

Catholics

b)

Anglicans

c)

Methodists

d)

Mennonites

23.

Which of the following describe the working conditions of the early Industrial period? Check all that apply:

a)

8 hour shifts with overtime pay

b)

12-16 hour shifts

c)

No working on Sunday

d)

6-7 day work week

e)

Hazardous working conditions

24.

Why did factories prefer to hire women over men? Check all that apply.

a)

Thought they were easier to manage.

b)

Thought they were smarter.

c)

Could pay them less for the same work.

d)

Wanted women to have an equal shot at employment.

e)

Men would rather work outside.

25.

Who did the most dangerous work during the Industrial Period in Britain?

a)

Children

b)

Women

c)

Men

d)

Factory Supervisors

26.

The level of material goods and services available to people in a society.

a)

Living Wage

b)

Standard of Living

c)

Median Income

d)

Minimum Wage

27.

The ability of individuals or groups to move up the social scale. Example: The ability to go from rags to riches.

a)

Social Contract

b)

Social Mobility

c)

Equal Opportunity

d)

Universal Suffrage

28.

Someone who believes in Laissez-Faire Economics believes:

(Check all that apply)

a)

The government should interfere in the economy to make it "fair" for all.

b)

The free market should regulate prices.

c)

The government should not interfere with the economy.

d)

The government should limit population growth.

e)

The government should outlaw monopolies.

29.

Richard Malthus felt that disease, famine, and war were the only checks on human population. He felt that ____ would result from population growth.

a)

War

b)

Famine

c)

Disease

d)

Prosperity

30.

What is David Ricardo's "Iron Law of Wages?"

a)

When wages are up, people have more children, which provides a higher supply of labor, so wages go down & unemployment goes up.

b)

When wages are down, people are out of work, so they have more children, who grow up to build factories, provide jobs, and increase wages.

c)

When wages are up, people have more children, then they cannot afford them, so old "high" wages don't seem so good anymore.

d)

When wages decrease, people still have children, so labor supply grows in accordance with wages.

31.

The goal of society should be “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” of people; individual freedom guarantees hapiness.

a)

Socailism

b)

Communism

c)

Capitalism

d)

Utilitarianism

32.

“The only purpose for which power can be rightly exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others.”---John Stuart Mill

This quote is an example of which ideology?

a)

Utilitariansim

b)

Monopoly

c)

Socialism

d)

Interventionist

33.

The idea that the people as a whole should own and operate the means of production rather than private individuals.

a)

Capitalism

b)

Laissez-Faire

c)

Socialism

d)

Utilitarianism

34.

Which of these thinkers would encourage the proletariat (working class) to seize the means of production from the bourgeoise (middle class)?

a)

Karl Marx

b)

John Stuart Mill

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Adam Smith

35.

What assumption of the Communists has been proven wrong throughout history?

a)

The idea that the standard of living within communist countries would improve, but would decline in capitalist countries.

b)

The idea that the standard of living within capitalist countries would improve, but would decline in communist countries.

c)

The idea that laissez-faire economics was the only reliable method to ensure a communist country's growth

d)

The idea that all men are created equal, and have certain inalienable rights, including the right to bear arms.

36.

Which process directly led to an increase in STEEL production in the late 1800s, leading to a 2nd industrial revolution?

a)

Smelting

b)

The Bessemer Process

c)

Pasteurization

d)

The Assembly Line

37.

Invented dynamite, felt guilty about it being used in war, created a prize fund with the proceeds from dynamite to reward those who sought peace.

a)

Thomas Edison

b)

Nikola Tesla

c)

Alfred Hitchcock

d)

Alfred Nobel

38.

Who is most associated with electricity replacing steam/gas power throughout the world, from powering factories to lighting homes & city streets?

a)

Nikola Tesla

b)

Ben Franklin

c)

Bobby Boucher's Mama (Ben Franklin is the DEVIL)

d)

Thomas Edison

39.

__________ and __________ expedited the manufacturing process, which caused the cost of goods to go down as supply went up; also, they created jobs.

a)

The Bessemer Process & Smelting

b)

interchangeable parts & the assembly line

c)

Thomas Edison & Nikola Tesla

d)

Corporations & cartels

40.

To get the needed capital to invest in new technologies, corporations sold ______, or shares of their companies.

a)

cartels

b)

stock

c)

bonds

d)

partnerships

41.

Why is Louis Pasteur significant to history?

a)

He proved germ theory, developed vaccines, and developed a process to kill disease in milk.

b)

He invented dynamite for use in construction.

c)

He was the first to use antiseptics during childbirth and encouraged hand washing before surgeries.

d)

He was the architect for Paris's urban renewal.

42.

Which two individuals were most responsible for better hygiene in hospitals?

a)

Wilbur and Orville Wright

b)

Florence Nightingale & Joseph Lister

c)

Louis Pasteur & Robert Koch

d)

Michael Faraday & Guglielmo Marconi

43.

A huge corporate structure that controls an entire industries or areas of the economy.

a)

Monopoly

b)

Cartel

c)

Corporation

d)

Joint Stock Company

44.

Which statement best explains the process of urban renewal.

a)

The rich funded construction in the affluent neighborhoods to make cities more beautiful.

b)

Fresh paint on every building's exterior in an entire city.

c)

Rebuilding the poor areas of a city using the poor as a labor force.

d)

Rebuilding a city after an industrial fire destroys it.

45.

Which statement is true of the early automotive industry?

a)

In the beginning, steam-powered cars were much easier to operate than gasoline-powered cars.

b)

Henry Ford invented the automobile and mass production.

c)

Daimler & Benz invented the automobile in 1886.

d)

Early automobiles, like the Model T, got more & more expensive between 1909-1930.

46.

The idea that the woman ought to remain in the home. (Middle class men were viewed as failures if they did not earn enough for their wives to stay home).

a)

The Patriarchy

b)

The Matriarchy

c)

The Cult of Domesticity

d)

Women's Suffrage

47.

Which of the following rights did women NOT campaign for in the 1800s-1900s?

a)

Fairness in Marriage

b)

Fairness in Divorce

c)

To limit and/or ban the sale of alcohol.

d)

Suffrage

e)

Rights to contraceptives/abortion

48.

Opponents of women's suffrage claimed:

(Check all that apply)

a)

Women were too emotional to vote.

b)

Women needed to be protected from dirty politics.

c)

Women belonged in the home.

d)

Women should not be allowed to suffer in childbirth. (the definition of suffrage)

e)

Women should be allowed to vote.

49.

All women in Britain & the US gained the right to vote by ______.

a)

1888

b)

1901

c)

1776

d)

1920

50.

The idea that natural selection applies to human society (war, the economy, etc). This led to the growth of racism & harsh treatment of mentally ill & handicapped.

a)

Social Contract

b)

Socialism

c)

Social Darwinism

d)

Communism

51.

Movement in writing and art that emphasized imagination, freedom, & emotion over reality. In writing, it emphasized mysterious heroes, in art, brush strokes became more pronounced, paintings emphasized feeling over realism.

a)

Impressionism

b)

Realism

c)

Romanticism

d)

Abstractism

52.

Which of these authors or artists are associated with the realism movement?

a)

Charles Dickens

b)

Ludwig von Beethoven

c)

Vincent van Gogh

d)

Claude Monet

53.

Which of the following paintings would be classified as "impressionist?"

a)
b)
c)
d)
54.

How did industry in London affect population growth between 1750 and 1900?

a)

Better nutrition sparked population growth and longer lives

b)

Improved transportation resulted in more people moving to the cities

c)

a demand for workers as factory jobs increased and brought about mass urbanization

d)

poor living conditions and dangerous industrial jobs led many to return to their farms

55.

"In place of the bourgeois society, with its classes and class antagonism, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the conditions for the free development of all." Who was the most likely author of the above quotation?

a)

Daniel Ricciardo

b)

Jeremy Bentham

c)

Adam Smith

d)

Karl Marx

56.

Which of the following supports the idea that the Industrial Revolution led to social change in Europe?

a)

Lack of sewage systems in cities helped spread disease

b)

Entrepreneurs earned enough wealth to rise above the working class

c)

labor unions were against the law during the early 1800s

d)

the poor lived mainly in neighborhoods with overcrowded buildings

57.

Why did some workers organize unions?

a)

to support large corporations

b)

to help women get factory jobs

c)

to reduce work stoppages

d)

to improve their working conditions

58.

Adam Smith defined the free market as an economic system in which

a)

the market functions with little or no government interference

b)

the government regulates prices to benefit all

c)

workers control the means of production

d)

entrepreneurs cooperate to set wages and prices

59.

Complete the sentence with the best answer. "Yes; the machine turns off a regular quantity of cardings, and of course, they must keep as regularly to their work the whole of the day; they must keep with the machine, and therefore howerver humane the slubber [the boss] may be, as he must keep up with the machine or be found fault with, he spurs the children to keep up also by various means but that which he commonly resorts to is to strap them when they become drowsy." -excerpt from Sadler Report. This is an except from an 1832 report, which resulted in:

a)

increased employment of children in textile mills

b)

higher wages for skilled workers

c)

the legalization of organized labor unions

d)

new regulations to ease working conditions for children