A rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.

A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of the cell.

The thick fluid region of a cell located inside the cell membrane or between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

In cells, a large oval organelle that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell's activities.

Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out it's functions.

An organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and changes to an energy form that cells can use in making food.

A sac-like organelle that stores water, food, and other materials.

A set of peices or parts that are arranged in a certain way within a larger object, system, or body.

The job or purpose of a specific structure or organ within an organism.

The basic unit of structure and function in living things.

An instrument that makes small objects look larger.

A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.

To be able to tell one object from another by identifying key differences.

A property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass accross it, while others can not.

The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.

The process by which the cell membrane takes particles into the cell membrane by changing shape and engulfing the particles.

The process by which the vaculoe surrounding particles fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell.

To allow to continue; to keep at a certain level or in a certain condition.

The series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.

The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs, during which a cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA.

The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus before cell division.

The second stage of the cell cycle, during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell.

The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell’s cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new daughter cells.

A series of connected events that happen in a specific order.

Process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from water and carbon dioxide.

An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to make its own food.

An organism that cannot make its own food, but gets food by consuming other living things.

A green photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria.

A statement that demonstrates equality between two different mathematical or chemical expression.

The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy.

The process by which cells release energy by breaking down food molecules without using oxygen.

To use a combination of materials and processes to create something new.

The place where something comes from; the point where something begins.