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Unit 4 test review

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Traits that help an organism survive are called....
a)
evolution
b)
natural selection
c)
adaptations
d)
habitats
2.
Which of the following is an example of a physical trait , or structural adaptation?
a)
a long neck of a giraffe
b)
building a nest
c)
regulation of body functions
d)
production of a toxic substance
3.
An organism that survives longer is more likely to produce_______offspring
a)
less
b)
the same amount
c)
more
d)
no
4.
The ability to recognize a predator is an example of a ______adaptation?
a)
behavioral
b)
structural
c)
physiological
5.
Which is an example of an organism protecting themselves from another organism __?
a)
white color in the snow
b)
hibernation during winter
c)
thick fur in the winter time
6.
Differences that exist naturally among members of a population or species___?
a)
mutation
b)
adaptation
c)
variations
d)
evolution
7.
Almost all populations have some variation.
a)
true
b)
false
8.
Species with ______variation are ______likely to survive.
a)
more, less
b)
less,less
c)
less,more
d)
more,more
9.
Most adaptations that help an organism survive are passed on from parent to child as ___traits?
a)
adaptable
b)
physical
c)
more
d)
inherited
10.

The variety of genes and alleles that exist in organisms

a)

independent assortment

b)

chromosomal abnormalities

c)

genetic diversity

d)

mutations

11.

Any change in the sequence of DNA is a

a)

recombination

b)

mutation

c)

chromatin

d)

independent assortment

12.

__________________ is when human breed plants or animals to get specific traits. ex. Dogs

a)

artificial selection

b)

natural selection

c)

biological selection

13.

_______________ is a form of an inherited characteristic. Ex. The shape of a chicken’s comb is an inherited trait.

a)

trait

b)

stimulus

c)

response

14.

Which is a group of organisms with similar characteristics and are able to interbreed to produce offspring

a)

Variation

b)

Species

c)

Fitness

d)

Gene

15.

The probability of an organism surviving and reproducing

a)

Variation

b)

Species

c)

Fitness

d)

Gene

16.

A length of DNA that codes for a specific characteristic

a)

Variation

b)

Species

c)

Fitness

d)

Gene

17.

Differences in DNA between individuals or populations

a)

Environmental Variation

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Adaptive Feature

d)

Genetic Engineering

18.

Differences in DNA as a result of environmental factors

a)

Environmental Variation

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Adaptive Feature

d)

Genetic Engineering

19.

Taking a gene from one species and putting it in another

a)

Environmental Variation

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Adaptive Feature

d)

Genetic Engineering

20.

Process of humans breeding animals or plants with desired traits

a)

Environmental Variation

b)

Selective Breeding

c)

Adaptive Feature

d)

Genetic Engineering

21.
What shape is RNA?
a)
single helix
b)
double helix
22.
What are proteins composed of?
a)
nitrogen bases
b)
amino acids
23.
How many amino acids exist?
a)
46
b)
23
c)
20
d)
10
24.
What type of bond holds amino acids together in order to make a protein?
a)
hydrogen bond
b)
peptide bond
25.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
at a ribosome
b)
in the nucleus
c)
at a mitochondria
d)
at a lysosome
26.
What is made from a DNA strand during transcription?
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
27.
Where does translation take place?
a)
in the nucleus
b)
at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
c)
at a mitochondria
d)
at a lysosome
28.
Transfer RNA or tRNA reads the mRNA in groups of three bases called...
a)
codons
b)
codes
c)
anticodons
d)
bases
29.
How many bases code for one amino acid?
a)
three
b)
four
c)
twenty-three
d)
eight
30.
If a DNA strand reads ATT CGT CTA, what would the tRNA strand read?
a)
  UAA GCA GAT
b)
UAU CGA GAU
c)
AUU CGU CUA
d)
ATT CGT CTA
31.
What type of sugar makes up RNA?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
glucose
c)
fructose
d)
ribose
32.
If a DNA strand reads ATT CGT CTA, what would the mRNA strand read?
a)
TAA GCA GAT
b)
CGA TGA GUT
c)
UAA GCA GAU
d)
TAA GCA GUT
33.

What base does RNA have that DNA does not?

a)

uracil

b)

thymine

c)

cytosine

d)

guanine

34.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
35.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
36.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
37.
What do we use pedigrees for?
a)
To look at families
b)
To make determinations about the offspring
c)
To track traits in families
d)
Nothing
38.

If this pedigree shows a recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual 4 be?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

39.

How many alleles does a child get from each parent for a trait?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

40.

Aa, DD, Bb, yy are all examples of ---

a)

genotypes.

b)

phenotypes.

41.

What you see, or the physical appearance of an organism, is called the ---

a)

genotype.

b)

phenotype.

42.

In a pedigree, which shape represents a male?

a)

circle

b)

square

43.

Which gender has an X and a Y chromosome?

a)

male

b)

female

44.

How many individuals are there in the 3rd generation?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

4

d)

6

45.

On a pedigree, this symbol represents a ----

a)

not affected male.

b)

not affected female.

c)

affected male.

d)

affected female.

46.

How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?

a)

Brother and sister

b)

Dad and daughter

c)

Uncle and niece

d)

Grandfather and granddaughter

47.

On this pedigree, the allele for curly hair is dominant. The couple labeled 2 both have curly hair, but have a daughter who does not have curly hair. Therefore, we can tell from the chart that for the couple labeled 2 -

a)

the male is heterozygous and the female is heterozygous.

b)

the male is homozygous recessive and the female is homozygous dominant.

48.

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

a)

Recessive because it "skips" a generation

b)

Dominant because it shows up in every generation

49.

The physical transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism in order to produce an organism with desired traits is called

a)

Genetic engineering

b)

Karyotype

c)

Cloning

d)

Selective breeding

50.
An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.
a)
Clone
b)
Carrier
c)
Hybridization
d)
Selective Breeding
51.

The physical insertion of "good" copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder

a)

Karyotype

b)

Gene therapy

c)

Selective breeding

d)

Cloning

52.
The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation.
a)
Gene Therapy
b)
Genome
c)
Selective Breeding
d)
Pedigree
53.

Selective breeding is...

a)

a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits

b)

natural method of producing offspring with desired traits

c)

creating a new species

d)

making organisms reproduce during times of stress

54.

An example of selective breeding is

a)

a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs

b)

a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm

c)

a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses

55.

One problem with selective breeding is

a)

creating a new species

b)

gene variety is lost

c)

extinction of a species

56.

Increasing helpful traits to an organism is one way a breeder may use selective breeding.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

Which of these is the first step in selective breeding flowers?

a)

Repeat the process only with the offspring with the desired traits

b)

watch the seeds grow

c)

Choose plants that have the desired trait to pollinate

d)

chose which trait is desirable

58.

Which of these is the second step in selective breeding flowers?

a)

Choose which trait is desirable

b)

Watch the seeds grow

c)

Choose plants that have the desired trait to pollinate

d)

Repeat the process only with the offspring with the desired traits.

59.

Which of these is the third step in selective breeding flowers?

a)

Choose which trait is desirable

b)

Watch the seeds grow

c)

Choose plants that have the desired trait to pollinate

d)

Repeat the process only with the offspring with the desired traits.

60.

In which ways can genetic engineering can improve crops?

a)

Make them pest or drought resistant

b)

Make them more nutritious

c)

Make them larger

d)

All options are correct

61.
Making changes in the DNA of an organism is
a)
selective breeding
b)
artificial selection
c)
genetic engineering
d)
genetic transformation
62.
What term is used to express creating an identical copy of a gene or organism?
a)
hybridization
b)
inbreeding 
c)
cloning 
d)
gene splicing 
63.
What process is shown in the picture?
a)
Gene therapy
b)
Cloning
c)
DNA Fingerprinting
d)
Gene Splicing
64.
Putting the gene for bioluminescence into a fish is an example of...
a)
Genetic Engineering
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Gene Mutation
65.

Advantages of genetically modified crops include(s)

a)

insect resistance

b)

drought/freeze resistance

c)

higher yield

d)

all of these are reasons for using GMOs

66.
A clone can be BEST thought of as a(n)  _____ created in the lab. 
a)
identical twin
b)
GMO
c)
science fiction experiment
67.

Why might people be against cloning?

a)

It is a little creepy

b)

It can cause unknown defects

c)

It is detrimental to genetic diversity

d)

All of the above

68.

Cotton designed to resist pests and pesticides is an example of which of the following?

a)

Genetic engineering

b)

Cloning

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