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EXAM 4.2 Review: Natural Selection & Adaptations 2022

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which is not an example of an adaptation?
a)
A bird's beak allows it to crack open hard nuts.
b)
A zebra's stripes allow it to confuse its predators.
c)
A frog's large hind legs allow it to jump from danger.
d)
A cat sleeps on the sofa to avoid the vacuum cleaner.
2.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
3.
What is it called when better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to their offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
4.
"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory
a)
a) natural selection
b)
b) gravity
c)
c) heredity
d)
d) string theory
5.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
6.
What word describes the process of having the advantageous traits that helps an organism survive  and reproduce?
a)
natural selection
b)
adaptation
c)
mutation
d)
genetic engineering
7.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
8.
Any inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage in its environment is called ___.
a)
a mutation
b)
an adaptation
c)
evolution
d)
natural selection
9.
When every organism of a given species has died
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Homeostasis
c)
Extinction
d)
Selective Breeding
10.
Natural selection is where ___________ decides which traits should be passed on
a)
Nature
b)
A human
c)
Mr. Holt
d)
The illuminati
11.

What is natural selection?

a)

When reproduction occurs and mutations happen.

b)

When a offspring has the traits from its parents.

c)

When an organism is able to camoflauge in its environment.

d)

the process whereby organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more offspring.

12.

In a cold environment what would be some adaptive traits? Sellect all that apply.

a)

thick blubber

b)

thick fur

c)

thin fur

d)

strong muscles

13.

What is a trait?

a)

a color

b)

the quality or characteristic of an organism

c)

the DNA of an organism

d)

when mutatuons cause extra limbs.

14.

Why do offspring share traits from both parents?

a)

offspring choose the traits they want

b)

offspring get 75 percent of the traits from their father

c)

offspring get 50 percent of each parents DNA

15.

Where are genes located?

a)

on the cell

b)

in the mitochondria

c)

on chromosomes

d)

on an organism

16.

What is a gene?

a)

sections of DNA

b)

sections of UNA

c)

a trait

d)

an adaptive trait

17.

Do genes code for traits?

a)

yes

b)

no

18.

What must organisms do when an environment changes?

a)

Adapt

b)

Camoflauge

c)

become common

d)

fight

19.

The ability to be unaffected by something usually harmful

a)

Resistance

b)

Mutation

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Adaptation

20.

Changes in a species over generations, due to changes in the environment

a)

Distribution

b)

Mutation

c)

Adaptation

d)

Resistance

21.

Process in which traits become more/less common due to some traits making it more likely for individuals to survive and reproduce

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Mutation

c)

Distribution

d)

Adaptation

22.

Why is it beneficial for a species to have varying traits?

a)

They can't be seen by predators

b)

It is helpful in asexual reproduction

c)

If the environment changes, the population might be better able to adapt

d)

They don't recognize each other.

23.

Traits become more common in a population when it increases the probability of

a)

survival

b)

mutations

c)

reproduction

d)

dying

24.

Differences in traits are called:

a)

natural selection

b)

genetic variations

c)

artificial selection

d)

adaptations

25.

A species could go extinct if:

a)

food becomes more plentiful.

b)

members of the species have adaptations to enhance survival.

c)

the environment changes drastically and no one can adapt.

d)

there is less competition for resources.

26.

What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?

a)

Light moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

b)

Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

c)

Light moths--hunted easily, light moths--population increase

d)

Lights moths will change their color to match dark moths.

27.

TRUE or FALSE: Natural selection will still occur if each individual has the same exact traits

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

28.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
29.

What adaptation makes the most sense for living in a cold snowy area?

a)

gills

b)

colorful wings

c)

white fur

d)

striped skin

30.

Chameleons are reptiles that have the ability to hide from predators and prey by blending in with their environment. They can change the pattern and/or color of their skin. This ability is known as --

a)

natural selection

b)

imitations

c)

mimicry

d)

camouflage

31.
An example of a behavioral adaptation is
a)
The long neck of a giraffe
b)
Penguins huddling together for warmth
c)
A camel's hump used to store water
d)
A polar bear's white fur used for camouflage
32.
A black bear hibernates during the winter months.
a)
Behavioral Adaptation
b)
Structural Adaptation
33.
A lion has pointed teeth to help it tear meat off of the bone.
a)
Behavioral Adaptation
b)
Structural Adaptation
34.
An owl is mostly nocturnal meaning it hunts and is active at night.
a)
Behavioral Adaptation
b)
Structural Adaptation
35.
Parrots have special feet, with two toes on the front and back to help them cling to branches.
a)
Behavioral Adaptation
b)
Structural Adaptation
36.
When threatened, some animals make warning sounds to help other animals escape a predator.
a)
Behavioral Adaptation
b)
Structural Adaptation
37.
When an animal looks like another animal it is called ______________.
a)
camouflage
b)
mimicry
c)
warning coloration
d)
protective resemblance
38.

Living things have two kinds of adaptations: __________________. Choose the best answer.

a)

behavioral and physical

b)

physical makeup and structural

c)

behavioral and structural

d)

thrive and survive

39.

The tundra is a vast plain with frigid temperatures and plenty of snow. Which of the following adaptations does not help the polar bear survive in the tundra.

a)

Layers of fat for insulation

b)

webbed toes for swimming

c)

white fur for camouflage

d)

total herbivorous diet

40.

Based on the picture above, what structures allow Galanthus flowers to better survive drought conditions compared to the Bluebell flower

a)

Galanthus flowers have longer stems that allow them to capture more sunlight.

b)

Galanthus flowers have fewer leaves causing food production to be efficient.

c)

Galanthus flowers have long roots to reach ground water.

d)

Galanthus flowers have bulb roots that store large amounts of food.

41.
Some grasses grow in hot dry areas. Why might they grow deep roots?
a)
to protect the plant from sun damage
b)
to take in as much light as possible
c)
to spread seeds to new places
d)
to reach water down below
42.
Which characteristic is necessary for natural selection to occur in a species? 
a)
stability 
b)
variation 
c)
complex cellular organization 
d)
a very low mutation rate 
43.
All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access of 
a)
Water
b)
Food
c)
Shelter
44.
Individuals in a population have to compete for resources.
a)
Species
b)
Variation
c)
Mutation
d)
Competition
45.
What did the beak type of finches on different islands tell Darwin?
a)
Finch populations evolved over time to favor beaks based on food type
b)
Finch populations had not evolved over time
c)
The finch beaks had no relationship to the available food on the islands
d)
Humans artificially selected finches based on their desired beak type
46.
Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charles Barkley
d)
Isaac Newton
47.

The struggle for resources (food, water, land) against other members (both in the same species and outside) is

a)

Competition

b)

Natural Selection

c)

gene flow

d)

genetic drift

48.

Why would an animal need to adapt?

a)

To increase the chances of survival and reproduction.

b)

To impress others.

c)

It doesn't need to adapt.

d)

Because the species went extinct.

49.

What is a behavioral adaptation?

a)

The way an animal acts.

b)

The way an animal is built.

50.

What is a structural adaptation?

a)

The way an animal acts.

b)

The way an animal is built.

51.
Xylem is a plant adaptation that allows plants to transport ______________ up the stem.
a)
Salt 
b)
Sugar
c)
Water
d)
Coffee
52.

The wings of a butterfly look like snake heads

a)

Camouflage

b)

Webbed Feet

c)

Pretend Play

d)

Mimicry

53.

Selective breeding is...

a)

a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits

b)

natural method of producing offspring with desired traits

c)

creating a new species

d)

making organisms reproduce during times of stress

54.

An example of selective breeding is

a)

a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs

b)

a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm

c)

a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses

55.

One problem with selective breeding is

a)

creating a new species

b)

gene variety is lost

c)

new food sources

56.

The purpose of selective breeding is to

a)

get bigger animals

b)

get smaller animals

c)

create animals with desirable traits

d)

create animals with bad traits

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