A substance that can yield hydrogen ion. (H+) or hydronium ion when dissolved in water.

A substance that can yield hydroxyl ions (OH-)

Expression of one amount relative to another amount:

The amount of one substance relative to the amounts of other substances in the solution:

Relative Concentration of the components of the mixture:

Beer's Law states that the concentration of the unknown substance is:

It is considered as the most common type of photodetector. It has EXCELLENT SENSITIVITY and very rapid response. It detects very low levels of light.

Assay for urea nitrogen that is more specific but more expensive:

Tests of ammonia, urea and uric acid assess which function of the kidney?

Assay for creatinine that is simple but nonspecific:

Assay for creatinine that is rapid and with increased specificity:

Test for creatinine that measures ammonia colorimetrically or with ion-selective electrode:

Assay for urea nitrogen that is more specific but more expensive:

Assess the Synthetic function of the liver:

Tests for bilirubin and ammonia assess which function of the liver:

Problems with Turbidity and several drug interference can be encountered with this assay for uric acid:

Simplest and the most specific method for uric acid:

Condensation method for Glucose:

C-peptide is formed during the conversion of pro-insulin to insulin. The amount of circulating C-peptide provides reliable indicators for pancreatic and insulin secretions ( $$\beta$$ - cell function). It is DECREASED in:

Gestational diabetes apparently arises when the extra metabolic demands of the fetus put stress on the ability of the mother to produce adequate amount of insulin for proper glucose utilization. A large percentage of patients develop diabetes within:

Laboratory test(s) for diabetic management:

1. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

2. Ketones

3. Microalbumin

If testing is done in none fasting samples, only total cholesterol (TC) and HDL-c can being measured, FASTING becomes a requirement.

Glycosylated hemoglobin provides information about glucose metabolism over a six months period. The major approach(es) in its measurement is(are):

Colorimetric method for triglycerides:

Fluorometric method for triglycerides:

The simplest approach for cholesterol determination is the one-step direct method, known as the:

One-step method for cholesterol: (C)

Two-step method for cholesterol: (C + E)

Three-step method for cholesterol: (CE+S)

Four-step method cholesterol: (CES+P)

Major structural protein in VLDL and LDL:

Floating $$\beta$$  lipoprotein:

Sinking pre- $$\beta$$   lipoprotein:

LDL cholesterol can be calculated from measurements of all of the following except:

Gilbert's syndrome:

Crigler-Najjar syndrome:

It is increased in hemolytic anemias:

it is increased in bile duct obstruction:

Increased in hepatitis:

True for CHOLELITHIASIS:

The tertiary structure of protein:

Indicator of MALNUTRITION, binds thyroid hormone and retinol-binding protein:

In the dye-binding method for serum albumin, which dye gives much greater absorbance at 630 nm than 500 nm. Absorbance at 630 nm is less likely to be affected by absorbance due to bilirubin or hemoglobin in the sample.

A condition associated with increased serum albumin (hyperalbuminemia):

ARTIFACTUAL increase in albumin concentration:

It evaluates the degree of intravascular hemolysis, hemolytic disease of the newborn and hemolytic transfusion reactions:

Beta-gamma bridging effect:

Standard reference method for protein determination, not commonly performed:

Most widely used method for protein determination, recommended by the international. Federation of Clinical Chemist (IFCC) expert panel: