WorksheetsMODULE 4 ON PAIN
Total questions: 47
Worksheet time: 29mins
T/F: pain is an unpleasant sensation or discomfit caused by the stimulation of pain receptors
True
False
Pain stimuli origins may include the following:
inflammation/infection
ischemia/tissue necrosis
chemical/burns
muscle spasms
Somatic pain ORIGINATE and is CONDUCTED by:
skin
bone
muscles
sensory fibers
Visceral pain is ORIGINATED and CONDUCTED by
organs
sympathetic fibers
muscles
sensory fibers
marked by a reflex withdrawal is often called:
b
sudden pain
short-term pain
somatic pain
T/F: Continuous pain is NOT characteristics for infection, inflammation, and swelling
True
False
Thermal pain receptors is stimulated through:
extreme temperature
pressure
acids or compounds
Mechanical receptors are stimulated by:
pressure
extreme temperature
acids or compounds
Chemical pain receptors are stimulated through sources of:
extreme temperatures in body
pressure produced in body
acids/compounds produced in body
Pain threshold refers to:
the level of stimulation required to perceive pain
refers to the ability to withstand pain
Pain tolerance refers to:
the ability to withstand pain
the level of stimulation required to perceive pain
Select the correct answers for pain fibers
nerve fibers that carry pain information from the nociceptors to the central nervous system
specific area of the skin that corresponds to the dermatome
impulses reached to the spinal cord
Select two of the following about: A-delta fibers
are myelinated fibers that transmit impulses very rapidly
carry acute pain that is sudden, sharp, well localized
unmyelinated and transmit impulses slowly
chronic pain often perceived as diffuse, dull, or burning aching sensations
Select two of the following about: C-fibers
unmyelinated and transmit impulses slowly
chronic pain often perceived as diffuse, slow, dull, or burning aching sensation
myelinated fibers that transmit impulses very rapidly
acute pain that is sudden, sharp, and localized
T/F: each spinal nerve conducts impulses from specific areas of skin (dermatome) to the spinal cord, then to the somatosensory cortex that corresponds to the areas of the body
after impulses reach the spinal cord synapse, the connecting neurons cross the spinal cord to the ascending tracts to the brain
TRUE
FALSE
Spinothalamic bundle contain TWO tracts
respiratory tract
neosphothalamic tract
spinal tract
paleospinothalamic tract
Reticular Activating System informs the brain of incoming?
pain stimuli
stress response
infectious diseases
gate control theory of pain
(characteristics of pain: signs/symptoms)
Indicators used in the diagnosis of pain include:
location of pain
nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fainting
pallor, sweating, high B.P, tachycardia
descriptive terms
T/F: Infants show responses of pain that include high B.P. and tachycardia
True
False
pain stimulus may be localized to a specific area or generalized which is difficult to determine source of pain
referred pain
phantom pain
deep pain
Characteristics of referred pain
visceral damage in abdominal region
heart attack
ischemia in heart
tingling
Is the type of pain of sensation such as tingling or itching that occurs after amputation
phantom pain
referred pain
Characteristics of phantom pain
not fully understood -- brain understands
resolves within weeks to months
does not respond to common pain therapy
visceral damage In abdominal organs
T/F: Tolerance increases due to endorphins
True
False
T/F: Tolerance of pain decrease due to fatigue and stress
True
False
Which of the following represents ACUTE PAIN:
sudden and severe
usually decreases after stimulus is removed & tissue is healed
constant pain
changes in sensitivity of neurons
Acute pain
indicates some form of tissue damage
increase B.P and muscle tension
vomiting
cool, pale, moist skin
Chronic Pain may be persistent or intermittent
True
False
Which chronic pain it may be:
generalized, more difficult to treat
fatigue, irritable, or depressed
appetite (increase or decrease in weight)
constant pain & sleep disturbance
Mechanisms of chronic pain may include:
loss of pain inhibition of spinal cord
changes in sensitivity of neurons
alterations in dorsal root
increase B.P
Headaches can be considered
acute condition
chronic condition
neither conditions
acute/chronic conditions
Headaches take place in the
mind
intracranial region
extracranial regin
body
Headaches may include the following:
congested sinuses, nasal congestion, and eyestrain
muscle spasm/tension
migraine headaches
cluster headaches
3 types of of primary headache:
migraine headaches
tension headaches
cluster headaches
not all of them are listed
Migraine headaches is an
abnormal blood flow and metabolism in brain
psychological component
severe unilateral periorbital
Tension headaches is
multifactorial with a strong psychological component
abnormal blood flow
recurrent with severe laminating pain
Cluster headaches
recurrent with severe unilateral periorbital or temporal lancinating pain last for 15-3hrs
abnormal blood flow that last for 10 mins
multifactorial what psychological components for 3 hrs
T/F One methods to manage pain is analgesic medications
True
False
Analgesic relieve
mild pain
moderate pain
severe pain
Mild pain is managed with what kind of medication?
acetaminophen (Tylenol)
acetylsalicylic (aspirin)
codeine
morphoine
moderate pain is managed with
codeine
aspirin
acetaminophen
What are some common effects of codeine?
nausea
constipation
respiration depression
increase weight
T/F: Oxycodone promotes relaxation and sensation of wellbeing
True
False
Severe pain managed with morphine and hydromorphine to block pain pathway in
spinal cord
brain
abdominal region
necrotic tissue
T/F: anesthesia is used to block transmission of pain
True
False
Spinal or regional anesthesia block pain impulses from:
leg
abdomen
brain
tissue
administering gas to inhale or injecting is
general anesthesia
spinal or regional anesthesia
