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WorksheetsDev Psych Exam 1
Total questions: 18
Worksheet time: 9mins
Four-year-old Sophia explains to her father that it rains when the clouds get sad and cry. Sophia's father is concerned that his daughter has been misinformed by someone, but Sophia's teacher explains that she sees the world in a different way than do adults. Sophia's teacher views development as _____________.
Discontinuous
Passive
Active
Continuous
According to ________, directly observable events are the appropriate focus of study.
behaviorism
ethology
the cognitive-developmental perspective
the psychoanalytic perspective
According to Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory, children are ________.
motivated primarily by reinforcers
sensorimotor beings
passive learners
active learners
Ayana’s family has moved three times within the past five years, leading Ayana to experience new neighborhoods, schools, cities, and friends. In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, the shifts in Ayana’s contexts are represented by the ________.
macrosystem
mesosystem
exosystem
chronosystem
A research study finds that children whose parents read bedtime stories to them every night score higher on intelligence tests than children whose parents do not routinely read stories. This study is an example of ________.
a cause-and-effect relationship
a correlational design
random assignment
a field experiment
Longitudinal studies permit investigators to ________.
examine relationships between early and later events and behaviors
track the performance of an individual over a few hours
overcome participant dropout and practice effects
identify whether cohort effects are operating
One disadvantage of cross-sectional research is that ________.
it does not permit examination of age-related differences
participants benefit from practice effects, leading to biased findings
it does not permit researchers to study individual developmental trends
participants are likely to drop out before the study is complete
Fraternal twinning occurs more often ________.
among adolescents and young women than older women
as a result of vitro fertilization
when the father’s sperm contain dominant genes
in regions where women lack access to reproductive technologies
Which of the following is an example of an indirect parental influence on child development?
detached parenting
harsh discipline
a positive marital relationship
warm but firm parenting
Remy, like her mother, is short, muscular, and athletic. During childhood, Remy loved her gymnastics lessons. As a teenager, she joined a competitive gymnastics team and spent most weekends at gymnastics meets. Remy’s choice of a sports activity in adolescence is an example of ___________.
niche-picking
evocative gene–environment correlation
gene–gene correlation
passive gene–environment correlation
In a study of the Tutsi genocide and its effects on parental and child post-traumatic stress disorder, researchers focused on a gene that plays a central role in stress-hormone regulation. Blood samples enabled genetic testing for ________ of that gene.
Methylation
Evocative correlation
Epigenesis
Uncoupling
Which example illustrates passive gene–environment correlation?
Luciana, a well-coordinated fifth grader, chooses to spend more time at after-school sports than her inactive, studious sister.
Lynn and Laurie, identical twins who are both well-behaved, excellent students, are treated with similar warmth and approval by their parents.
Mateo, a talented musician, enrolls his preschool child in music lessons.
Darren, a cooperative, attentive child, receives more sensitive parenting than his inattentive, distractible brother.
With respect to the impact of teratogens during prenatal development, the ________ is the time when ________ abnormalities are most likely to occur.
fetal period; major structural
germinal period; brain
germinal period; minor structural
embryonic period; major structural
Stress hormones produced by the baby during delivery ________.
put the infant at risk for anoxia
arouse the infant into alertness at birth
stimulate the uterus to begin contracting
can interfere with the baby’s first attempts to breathe
Torsten is just a few days old. Which statement is true about his hearing?
He prefers pure tones to complex sounds.
He prefers listening to a foreign language over his native language.
He can distinguish between happy-sounding and negative- or neutral-sounding speech.
He cannot yet tell the difference between utterances with two versus three syllables.
After a new baby’s arrival, ________.
troubled marriages usually become less distressed
lack of partner support negatively affects parent–infant interaction
couples usually experience significant marital strain
most couples find more time to devote to each other
Newborn Jeffrey’s combined Apgar score is 3, which suggests that he ________.
is in good physical condition
was likely delivered in breech position
is in serious danger and requires emergency medical attention
needs assistance in establishing breathing and other vital signs
During dilation and effacement of the cervix, uterine contractions cause the cervix to widen and thin, ________.
which indicates that the baby must be delivered surgically
which forces the baby into a breech delivery position
forming a clear channel from the uterus into the birth canal
and delivery of the placenta begins
