"I missed the bus", she explained.

=> She explained that (a)   .

You said, "I'm waiting for the bus."

=> You said that (a)   .

"I'll do it this afternoon", he promised.

=> He promised yesterday that (a)   , but he didn't.

"You can help me", he said.

=> He said that (a)   .

"I've got some money", she said.

=> She said that (a)   .

"It's not here", he told me.

=> He told me that (a)   .

"We've already introduced ourselves", they explained.

=> They explained that (a)   .