The theory that explains how large pieces of Earth’s outermost layer move and change shape driven by convection currents.

The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary.

The process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies.

The boundary formed by the collision of two lithospheric plates.

A boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally.

The boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.

A break in the rock along a transform boundary line created by pressure and movement in the rock. 

An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced.

The name of the single landmass that began to break apart 200 million years ago.

Hot, molten rock beneath the earth’s crust.