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Anatomy & Physiology Mid-Term Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which describes the anatomical relationship of the wrist to the elbow?

a)

The elbow is lateral to the wrist.

b)

The elbow is distal to the wrist.

c)

The elbow is proximal to the wrist.

d)

The elbow is superficial to the wrist.

2.

Cholesterol is bad and should never be present in the human body.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Which word is derived from the Greek word meaning “cutting apart”?

a)

dissection

b)

anatomy

c)

pathology

d)

physiology

4.

The major body cavities are categorized as the superior body cavities and inferior body cavities.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Blood loss anemia is also known as _________ anemia.

a)

aplastic

b)

hemorrhagic

c)

pernicious

d)

hemolytic

6.

Because humans walk upright, the term dorsal can be used in place of which of the following terms:

a)

inferior

b)

distal

c)

posterior

d)

anterior

7.

The human body tries to maintain a constant body temperature. This is an example of:

a)

sensor

b)

homeostasis

c)

a positive feedback loop

d)

an effector

8.

The main function of the skin is:

a)

control blood flow

b)

protection

c)

regulate body temperature

d)

synthesizing chemicals

9.

Which of the following is not part of the cell?

a)

plasma membrane

b)

nucleus

c)

interstitial fluid

d)

All are part of the cell.

10.

Which are small fingerlike projections on the plasma membrane that increase the cell’s ability to absorb substances?

a)

microvilli

b)

cilia

c)

flagella

d)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

11.

Which of the following statements is not true of the endocrine system?

a)

Endocrine glands secrete their products into ducts leading to body cavities.

b)

The organs of the endocrine system are widely dispersed in the body.

c)

All organs in the endocrine system are glands.

d)

Endocrine glands produce hormones.

12.

Which are small sacs that fuse with Golgi sacs, bringing larger molecules into the cell through endocytosis (process of active transport), and allow the contents of both to mingle?

a)

mitochondria

b)

lysosomes

c)

microvilli

d)

vesicles

13.

A higher pH value indicates a low relative concentration of H+—an acid. A lower pH value indicates a higher H+ concentration—a base.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

What is the process by which substances scatter themselves evenly throughout an available space?

a)

osmosis

b)

filtration

c)

diffusion

d)

dialysis

15.

What is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane?

a)

diffusion

b)

dialysis

c)

osmosis

d)

filtration

16.

Which are rod-shaped structures that are important in cell division?

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

ribosomes

c)

mitochondria

d)

centrioles

17.

Since the bladder can expand and return to its normal size, which type of epithelial tissue might you find lining the wall of the bladder?

a)

cuboidal

b)

pseudostratified

c)

transitional

d)

simple squamous

18.

The thymus gland is part of the _____ system (click all that apply).

a)

digestive

b)

lymphatic

c)

endocrine

d)

nervous

19.

Glycogen and starch are both examples of polysaccharides.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

Which structure is not part of the lymphatic system?

a)

thymus gland

b)

spleen

c)

tonsils

d)

pancreas

21.

Select the type of connective tissue that has a fluid matrix.

a)

blood

b)

areolar

c)

fibrous connective

d)

bone

22.

Which cell part synthesize proteins, known as a cell’s “protein factories”?

a)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b)

mitochondria

c)

ribosomes

d)

lysosomes

23.

The types of tissues that have the greatest capacity to regenerate are:

a)

epithelial and nervous

b)

epithelial and connective

c)

muscular and epithelial

d)

connective and nervous

24.

Which of the following are called the “power plants” of the cell?

a)

mitochondria

b)

lysosomes

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

ribosomes

25.

The process of dehydration synthesis has water as one of its end products.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

Immunosuppressive drugs are given after

a)

cochlear implants

b)

hip replacement surgery

c)

organ transplants

d)

all of these procedures

27.

The skin accounts for what percentage of body weight?

a)

20%

b)

11%

c)

25%

d)

16%

28.

Another name for a voluntary muscle is _____ muscle.

a)

striated

b)

cardiac

c)

skeletal

d)

striated and skeletal

29.

Which of the following substances is not carried by the cardiovascular system?

a)

lymph

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

nutrients

d)

hormones

30.

Which part of the respiratory system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide?

a)

bronchi

b)

pharynx

c)

alveoli

d)

trachea

31.

Muscle is connected to bone by ___________.

a)

ligaments

b)

cartilage

c)

tendons

d)

squamous epithelial tissue

32.

Shaking your head “no” is what type of movement?

a)

supination

b)

abduction

c)

dorsiflexion

d)

rotation

33.

Athlete’s foot is caused by a ____________.

a)

bacterium

b)

protozoon

c)

fungus

d)

virus

34.

Which of the following is a sign?

a)

a red rash

b)

a headache

c)

a pain in the chest

d)

headache and pain in the chest

35.

Organisms that are called microbes include:

a)

fungi

b)

bacteria

c)

protozoa

d)

all answers are correct

36.

The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a _____ section.

a)

midsagittal

b)

sagittal

c)

transverse

d)

frontal

37.

The arrector pili muscle causes ____.

a)

alopecia

b)

male pattern baldness

c)

lanugo

d)

goose pimples

38.

Which of the following is not considered part of the central nervous system?

a)

the brain

b)

the spinal cord

c)

the cranial nerves

39.

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons.

a)

True

b)

False

41.

The pleura in the thoracic cavity is an example of a _____ membrane.

a)

serous

b)

cutaneous

c)

synovial

d)

mucous

42.

Which of these organs is a primary organ of the digestive system?

a)

esophagus

b)

liver

c)

pancreas

d)

esophagus and pancreas

43.

Which of these factors is not a mechanism of disease?

a)

degeneration

b)

malnutrition

c)

inflammation

d)

infection

44.

Another name for the latent stage in an infectious disease is the _____ stage.

a)

communicable

b)

incubation

c)

etiology

d)

pathogenic

45.

A buffer is a substance that resists a sudden change in pH.

a)

True

b)

False

46.

A blister forms at the junction of the ____.

a)

stratum corneum and stratum germinativum

b)

dermis and the subcutaneous tissue

c)

dermis and epidermis

d)

dermis, epidermis, and subcutaneous

47.

The sense of smell can be considered a

a)

general sense

b)

special sense

c)

chemoreceptor

d)

special sense and chemoreceptor

48.

Which of the following is a symptom?

a)

a red rash

b)

a headache

c)

a pain in your chest

d)

headache and pain in chest

49.

An infectious disease that affects a large number of people worldwide is described as:

a)

pandemic

b)

endemic

c)

epidemic

d)

idiopathic

50.

The visceral peritoneum covers the _____ of the _____ cavity.

a)

wall; chest

b)

wall; abdominal

c)

organs; abdominal

d)

organs; chest

51.

Which type of gland secretes oil for the skin and hair?

a)

apocrine gland

b)

sebaceous gland

c)

sudoriferous gland

d)

endocrine gland

52.

Muscle hypertrophy

a)

results from an increase in blood vessels to a muscle

b)

is an increase in muscle size

c)

results from endurance training

d)

results from long periods of disuse

53.

Bone-building cells are called ____________.

a)

osteoclasts

b)

osteocytes

c)

osteoblasts

d)

chondrocytes

54.

Tonic contractions

a)

cause an oxygen debt in the body

b)

help maintain posture

c)

produce large amounts of lactic acid

d)

help maintain posture and produce large amounts of lactic acid

55.

If the muscles of a weightlifter and a marathon runner were compared, the weightlifter would have

a)

more muscles

b)

more mitochondria in each muscle cell

c)

larger muscle cells

d)

less muscle cells

56.

ACTH

a)

causes the ovary to begin forming an egg follicle

b)

stimulates the production of adrenal cortex hormone

c)

stimulates the release of adrenaline

d)

has target organ cells in the thyroid gland

57.

The movement that is opposite of flexion is

a)

rotation

b)

supination

c)

extension

d)

abduction

58.

There are _ cervical vertebrae, and they are labeled C_ through C_

(a)  

59.

Which of the following is not an epithelial membrane?

a)

mucous

b)

synovial

c)

cutaneous

d)

serous

60.

Which type of membrane contains connective tissue?

a)

mucous membrane

b)

serous membrane

c)

synovial membrane

d)

all of the above

61.

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body is called

a)

adduction

b)

pronation

c)

rotation

d)

abduction

62.

In the bending of the elbow, the

a)

biceps brachii is the prime mover

b)

biceps brachii is the antagonist

c)

triceps brachii is the synergist

d)

brachialis is the prime mover

63.

Intercalated disks are found in _____ muscle.

a)

cardiac

b)

smooth

c)

striated

d)

all answers are correct

64.

The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the _____ nervous system.

a)

sympathetic

b)

peripheral

c)

parasympathetic

d)

central

65.

The eye can be considered a

a)

general sense

b)

special sense

c)

chemoreceptor

d)

special sense and chemoreceptor

66.

All molecules are not necessarily compounds.

a)

True

b)

False

67.

There are _ cervical nerves, labeled C_ through C_.

(a)  

68.

When comparing the levels of organization of the human body, the chemical level is the least complex and progresses to the organism level, which is the most complex.

a)

True

b)

False

69.

The sense of touch can be considered a

a)

general sense

b)

special sense

c)

chemoreceptor

d)

special sense and chemoreceptor

70.

The eyeball is a fluid-filled sphere having a wall of three layers.  Which is in the middle?

a)

Vascular layer

b)

Inner layer

c)

Choroid layer

d)

Fibrous layer

71.

An Rh-positive mother should be concerned about erythroblastosis fetalis under which circumstance?

a)

a. If the father is Rh-negative, the Rh-positive mother should be concerned.

b)

b. If this is her second child and she has not taken RhoGAM, Rh-positive mother should be concerned.

c)

c. She should not be at all concerned about erythroblastosis fetalis.

d)

d. Both A and B

72.

Water is the most abundant organic compound in the body.

a)

True

b)

False

73.

Which of the following is not true of oxytocin?

a)

It is produced in the posterior pituitary gland.

b)

It stimulates “milk letdown” in nursing mothers.

c)

It causes the contractions of the uterus during labor.

d)

It is one of the few hormones that are regulated by a positive feedback loop.

74.

Acromegaly is caused by

a)

hyposecretion of ACTH

b)

hypersecretion of ACTH

c)

hypersecretion of growth hormone

d)

d. hyposecretion of growth hormone

75.

The leading cause of permanent blindness in the elderly is

a)

cataract

b)

glaucoma

c)

macular degeneration

d)

retinal detachment

76.

The hypothalamus

a)

is located in the Sella turcica

b)

produces ADH

c)

is composed of a glandular portion and a nerve portion

d)

releases ADH

77.

A hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that decreases calcium in the blood.

a)

oxytocin

b)

calcitonin

c)

melatonin

d)

none of the above

78.

A person with type O blood has ________________

a)

anti-A antibodies

b)

anti-B antibodies

c)

A antigens

d)

anti-A and anti-B antibodies

79.

Dwarfism can be caused by

a)

hyposecretion of growth hormone

b)

hyposecretion of ACTH

c)

hypersecretion of growth hormone

d)

hypersecretion of ACTH

80.

The blood type considered the universal recipient is type ___________

a)

A

b)

AB

c)

O

d)

B

81.

Which of the following is not true of the pineal gland?

a)

It is located in the brain.

b)

It produces melatonin.

c)

It helps regulate the body’s “biological clock.”

d)

All of the above are true of the pineal gland.

82.

Which type of anemia is related to high-dose exposure to toxic chemicals and radiation?

a)

hemolytic anemia

b)

hemorrhagic anemia

c)

aplastic anemia

d)

pernicious anemia

83.

The pH of blood must stay ________________

a)

neutral

b)

slightly acid

c)

slightly alkaline

d)

moderately acid

84.

The final product in the process of blood clot formation is ______________

a)

thromboplastin

b)

fibrinogen

c)

fibrin

d)

thrombin

85.

Which epidermal layer is found only in the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet?

a)

the stratum spinosum

b)

the stratum granulosum

c)

the stratum lucidum

d)

the stratum corneum

86.

The blood type considered the universal donor is type ______________

a)

a. AB

b)

b. B

c)

c. O

d)

d. A

87.

The role of hemoglobin in the red blood cell is to carry _________________

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

hormones

d)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

88.

Which of the following is not a white blood cell?

a)

aneutrophil

b)

thrombocyte

c)

lymphocyte

d)

All answers are white blood cells.

89.

Subatomic particles (click all that apply).

a)

neutrons

b)

protons

c)

neurons

d)

electrons

90.

The process of removing water in order to form a bond between monomers is called....

a)

Dehydration Synthesis

b)

Hydrolysis

c)

Hydration Synthesis

d)

Dihydromorins

91.

How does a coronal plane cut the body

a)

a. Dorsal and ventrical

b)

b. Left and right

c)

c. Below the skin

d)

d. Through the bones

92.

Provides support and protection; anchors muscles for movement

a)

Muscular System

b)

Immune System

c)

Skeletal System

d)

Respiratory System

93.

Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?

a)

Bone

b)

Skin

c)

Cartilage

d)

Blood

94.

The bone of your upper arm

a)

Humerus

b)

Carpels

c)

Ulna

d)

Radius

95.

Both fats and oils are lipids.

a)

True

b)

False

96.

ribosomes attached to

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi body

d)

nuclear membrane

97.

Where is the smooth muscle located?

a)

Attached to the skeleton

b)

In the stomach

c)

In the heart

d)

In the brain

98.

Spongy bone is also called a ?

a)

Trinculo

b)

Soft bone

c)

Trabeculae

d)

Long bone

99.

In the anatomical position, the palms are facing-

a)

forward

b)

backward

100.

Damage to a ligament results in which type of injury?

a)

myalgia

b)

strain

c)

cramps

d)

sprain