A second grade teacher notes that a student takes longer than average to read various grade-level text. The student sounds choppy when reading aloud and rarely reads in phrases or with proper intonation. These factors will most directly affect the student's:

Students in a second-grade class are filling in a story map graphic organizer after listening to a folktale read aloud by the teacher. This activity promotes students' comprehension skills primarily by developing their ability to:

A second grade teachers is planning a lesson to teach students how to use nonfiction text features to help them locate and use information to answer questions. The teacher considers selecting various nonfiction texts that can specifically promote students' abilities to identify main topics while skimming through the text. To best serve the lesson's purpose, the teacher should choose a nonfiction text that has:

A second grade teacher writes the following sentence from the students' reading assignment on the board in the classroom.

Dark clouds rolled in, and Manny strained to see.

She then asks her students to answer this question: "Why do you think Manny strained to see?" Which of the following levels of comprehension is the teacher assessing by having them complete this task?