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Cardio: Exam 1- Andrews

Total questions: 37

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Orthostatic hypotension is a decrease in SBP of ≥ _________or a decrease in DBP of ≥ ______________ while standing when compared with BP from sitting/supine postion

a)

SBP ≥ 20 mmHg

b)

DBP ≥ 10 mmHg

c)

DBP ≥ 20 mmHg

d)

SBP ≥ 10 mmHg

2.

T/F Secondary Hypertension is also known as essential hypertension.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

T/F 95% of HTN cases are idiopathic.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

What stage would a patient with a blood pressure of 135/95 be classified as according to the 2017 ACC/AHA standards?

a)

Normal

b)

Elevated

c)

Stage 1

d)

Stage 2

5.

Which of the following does not increase BP?

a)

NSAIDs

b)

ESAs

c)

Alcohol

d)

Sudafed

e)

Diuretics

6.

T/F Systemic steroids, St John's wort and estrogen containing oral contraception can all decrease BP

a)

True

b)

False

7.

Blood pressure is usually

a)

higher in the early morning

b)

lower during the night

c)

the same throughout the day

d)

higher during the night

e)

lower in the early morning

8.

What is the goal BP for most patients?

(a)  

9.

Smoking Cessation is the lifestyle modification that can cause the largest SBP reduction.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Which is true regarding patients with a systolic BP of 120 to 129 mm Hg and a diastolic <80 mm Hg according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline?

a)

These patients are classified as elevated BP.

b)

Lifestyle modifications should be recommended with reevaluation in 1 month.

c)

Approximately 50% of these patients with elevated BP eventually develop hypertension within their lifetime.

d)

These patients have equal CV risk compared to patients with normal BP values.

11.

Which is true regarding the use of arterial vasodilators (hydralazine or minoxidil) in the treatment of hypertension?

a)

Severe bradycardia occurs when they are used in combination with a β-blocker.

b)

Both can cause severe rebound hypertension when stopped abruptly.

c)

Both are poorly tolerated because of anticholinergic side effects.

d)

Both should be given in combination with a diuretic and a β-blocker.

12.

Which is preferred as an add-on therapy for a patient who is post-MI (3 months ago) with a BP of 136/88 mm Hg (134/86 mm Hg when repeated) while treated with metoprolol succinate 200 mg daily?

a)

Chlorthalidone

b)

Verapamil

c)

Amlodipine

d)

Lisinopril

13.

Which is preferred as initial antihypertensive therapy for a 63-year-old woman who is diagnosed with hypertension and has a history of ischemic stroke (6 months ago), with a BP of 186/108 mm Hg (184/106 mm Hg when repeated)?

a)

A thiazide with an ACEi

b)

A thiazide with a nonselective β-blocker

c)

A thiazide alone

d)

An ACEi with an ARB

14.

The patient reports taking several nonprescription medications including aspirin 81 mg daily, a multivitamin daily, acetaminophen, and loratadine. She asks you if these are safe to take because of her hypertension. Which is an appropriate response?

a)

You should stop taking these until you have discussed this with your primary care physician.

b)

Acetaminophen can increase your blood pressure; you should use naproxen instead.

c)

Loratadine can increase your blood pressure; you should use pseudoephedrine if needed.

d)

These medications are generally safe to use in patients with hypertension, even if not controlled.

15.

When is lifestyle modification acceptable as monotherapy for HTN?

a)

Pt has elevated BP

b)

Pt has stage 1 HTN with ASCVD risk <10%

c)

Pt has stage 2 HTN

d)

Pt has stage 1 HTN with ASCVD risk > 10%

16.

Which of the following are first line antihypertensive agents ?

a)

ACEi

b)

THIAZIDE

c)

CCB

d)

ARB

e)

β Blocker

17.

Which drug class is preferred in CKD or diabetes w/ albuminuria?

a)

CCB

b)

Thiazide

c)

ACEi

d)

ARB

18.

If a β Blocker is to be used, what is/are the preferred agents?

a)

carvedilol

b)

metoprolol succinate

c)

atenolol

d)

labetalol

19.

What is first line therapy for a patient with heart failure?

a)

ACEi or ARB then add a β- blocker

b)

β- blocker then add ACEi or ARB

c)

ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide

d)

ACEi or ARB

e)

Thiazide or thiazide with ACEi

20.

What is first line therapy for a patient with stable ischemic heart disease?

a)

ACEi or ARB then add a β- blocker

b)

β- blocker then add ACEi or ARB

c)

ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide

d)

ACEi or ARB

e)

Thiazide or thiazide with ACEi

21.

What is first line therapy for a patient with diabetes mellitus with no albuminuria present?

a)

ACEi or ARB then add a β- blocker

b)

β- blocker then add ACEi or ARB

c)

ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide

d)

ACEi or ARB

e)

Thiazide or thiazide with ACEi

22.

What is first line therapy for a patient with CKD or diabetes mellitus with albuminuria present?

a)

ACEi or ARB then add a β- blocker

b)

β- blocker then add ACEi or ARB

c)

ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide

d)

ACEi or ARB

e)

Thiazide or thiazide with ACEi

23.

What is first line therapy for secondary stroke prevention?

a)

ACEi or ARB then add a β- blocker

b)

β- blocker then add ACEi or ARB

c)

ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide

d)

ACEi or ARB

e)

Thiazide or thiazide with ACEi

24.

Peripheral edema, Reflex tachycardia, headache,

flushing, gingival hyperplasia are ADRs of ______?

a)

DHP CCBs

b)

Non-DHP CCBs

c)

RAAS inhibitors

d)

Beta Blockers

25.

Edema, constipation, and gingival hyperplasia are ADRs of ______?

a)

DHP CCBs

b)

Non-DHP CCBs

c)

RAAS inhibitors

d)

Beta Blockers

26.

What is the boxed warning for ACEi and ARBs?

a)

Contraindicated in pregnancy

b)

Do not discontinue abruptly

c)

Contraindicated for severe bradycardia

d)

Contraindicated for angioedema

27.

What is the boxed warning for Beta Blockers?

a)

Contraindicated in pregnancy

b)

Do not discontinue abruptly

c)

Contraindicated for severe bradycardia

d)

Contraindicated for angioedema

28.

What is the safest CCB used in HFrEF?

a)

amlodipine

b)

nifedipine

c)

verapamil

d)

diltiazem

29.

Which agent(s) are commonly used for angina and atrial fibrillation?

a)

verapamil

b)

diltiazem

c)

lisinopril

d)

losartan

30.

T/F ACEi have less risk of angioedema than ARBs.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

Which of the following is most likely to cause a cough?

a)

enalapril

b)

metoprolol

c)

valsartan

d)

spironolactone

32.

Which class of antihypertensives can worsen asthma/COPD?

a)

Beta Blocker

b)

Potassium -Sparing diuretic

c)

CCB

d)

ARB

33.

↓ HR, ↓BP, fatigue, dizziness, sexual dysfunction,

and depression are ADRs of ______?

a)

DHP CCBs

b)

Non-DHP CCBs

c)

RAAS inhibitors

d)

Beta Blockers

34.

T/F Centrally acting alpha-2 agonists should not be abruptly discontinued.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

What are the DOC for chronic HTN in pregnancy?

a)

lisinopril

b)

labetalol

c)

nifedipine ER

d)

methyldopa

36.

T/F A patient on optimal doses of lisinopril, metoprolol, and amlodipine whose BP does not reach goal has resistant HTN.

a)

True

b)

False

37.

Which class of antihypertensive drugs should be used with caution in patients with a history of gout?

a)

thiazide diuretics

b)

k-sparing diuretics

c)

ACEi

d)

CCBs

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