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Genetics and Heredity

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which question can scientists answer using meiosis?

a)

How are old cells replaced with new cells?

b)

How are genetically identical cells produced?

c)

How do specialized cells become differentiated?

d)

How do diploid cells become haploid cells?

2.

A student creates a model of the two-step process of meiosis.


Which choice could be used to correctly complete the model?

a)
b)
c)
d)
3.

Haploid reproductive cells (egg and sperm) are called ________.

a)

gametes

b)

homologous pairs

c)

buds

d)

chromosomes

4.

During the tetrad formation (group of 4) in cellular reproduction, the exchange of DNA pieces resulting in increased genetic variety is known as?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Crossing Over

c)

Synapsis

d)

Meiosis

5.

How does the model demonstrate the role of meiosis in sexual reproduction?

a)

The model shows the process of inheriting

dominant traits.

b)

The model shows the process of cloning

identical offspring.

c)

The model shows the process of producing

large numbers of gametes.

d)

The model shows the process of combining

genetic information in offspring.

6.

Meiosis is an essential part of sexual reproduction. This is because meiosis creates

sex cells that have ...

a)

1/3 the number of chromosomes

b)

1/2 the number of chromosomes

c)

1/4 the number of chromosomes

d)

twice the number of chromosomes

7.

A student draws a Punnett square where two

parents that are heterozygous for dimples are

crossed. Dimples (D) are dominant to no dimples (d).

Using the Punnett square, what is the percent

chance that the offspring will have dimples?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

8.

Scarlett is crossing pea plants that have different genotypes for height. She crosses a tall pea plant with a genotype of TT with a short pea plant with a genotype of tt. Which ratio shows the probability that the two pea plants will produce a pea plant with a genotype of Tt?

a)

1/4

b)

2/4

c)

3/4

d)

4/4

9.

A cell undergoes meiosis. How do the gametes it produces compare with the original cell and with one another?

a)

The gametes have half the chromosomes of the

parent cell, and are genetically identical with one

another.

b)

The gametes have half the chromosomes of the

parent cell, and are genetically different from

one another.

c)

The gametes have one fourth of the

chromosomes of the parent cell, and are

genetically identical with one another.

d)

The gametes are genetically identical with the

parent cell and with one another.

10.

In pea plants, the allele for tall plants is dominant over the allele for short plants. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

11.

In pea plants, the gene for purple flowers is dominant over the gene for white flowers. Two purple-flowered pea plants breed and produce 32 plants. 24 of these have purple flowers, and 8 of these have white flowers. Which of the following most likely describes the genetic makeup of the two parent plants?

a)

One of the parents is homozygous recessive.

b)

One of the parents is homozygous dominant.

c)

Both of the parents are homozygous.

d)

Both of the parents are heterozygous.

12.

This law describes how each member of a homologous pair is pulled randomly to one side or another in anaphase I

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Gravity

d)

Law of Mathematical Order

13.

This law describes how each homologous pair separates independently of any other pairs during Anaphase I of meiosis

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Gravity

d)

Law of Mathematical Order

14.

The exchange of pieces of chromatin between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis is called

a)

independent assortment

b)

mutation

c)

crossing over

d)

random fertilization

15.

Any change in the sequence of DNA is a

a)

recombination

b)

mutation

c)

chromatin

d)

independent assortment

16.

Which process is shown in the image?

a)

crossing over

b)

independent assortment

c)

segregation

d)

mutation

17.

What contributes to genetic variation?

a)

crossing over

b)

law of independent assortment

c)

law of segregation

d)

gene linkage

18.

Law of segregation states:

a)

the two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis

b)

the two alleles for each trait separate during mitosis

c)

a random distribution of alleles occur during gamete formation

d)

a ordered distribution of alleles occur during gamete formation

19.

Law of independent assortment states:

a)

the two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis

b)

the two alleles for each trait separate during mitosis

c)

a random distribution of alleles occur during gamete formation

d)

a ordered distribution of alleles occur during gamete formation

20.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

21.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are distributed to gametes independent of one another?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

22.

In pea plants tall stems(T) are dominant over short stems(t) and round seeds(R) are dominant over wrinkled seeds(r). Consider the following cross: TtRr X Ttrr

Next 2 questions will be about this information. Please take notes.

a. Find the number of possible phenotypes

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

d)

8

23.

c. What is the chance of having tall, wrinkled seeded plants?

a)

1/4

b)

1/8

c)

3/4

d)

3/8

24.

In a cross between a round(R)-yellow(Y) seeded plant and a wrinkled (r)- yellow(Y) seeded pea plant, green(y)-wrinkled (r) seeded offspring are produced.

What are the genotypes of parents?

a)

RrYy X rrYy

b)

RrYY X rrYy

c)

RrYy X RrYy

d)

RRYy X rrYy

e)

RRYy X RrYY

25.

When one allele is not dominant over another, resulting in a blended phenotype for heterozygous offspring is considered....

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

26.

When one allele is not dominant over the other, resulting in both traits expressed in a heterozygous individual.....

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

27.

Some flowers are controlled by codominance. Red flowers (RR), blue flowers (BB) and Speckled flowers (RB).


Cross two speckled flowers.

a)

1 red, 2 speckled, 1 blue

b)

2 red, 2 blue

c)

2 blue, 2 speckled

d)

1 red, 1 speckled, 2 blue

28.

Radish color is incompletely dominant, red and white are pure breeding colors. While heterozygous are purple.

Cross a red radish with a white.

a)

4 purple

b)

1 red, 2 purple, 1 white

c)

2 red, 2 white

d)

1 red, 1 purple, 2 white

29.

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

a)

Recessive because it "skips" a generation

b)

Dominant because it shows up in every generation

30.

On this pedigree, the allele for curly hair is dominant. The couple labeled 2 both have curly hair, but have a daughter who does not have curly hair. Therefore, we can tell from the chart that for the couple labeled 2 -

a)

the male is heterozygous and the female is heterozygous.

b)

the male is homozygous recessive and the female is homozygous dominant.

31.

What would you call the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis?

a)

nondisjunction

b)

anaphase I

c)

nondiploidy

d)

karyotype

32.
What makes this individual's karyotype not normal?
a)
An extra sex chromosome
b)
An extra autosome
c)
A missing sex chromosome
d)
A missing autosome
33.
What is the sex of this individual?
a)
female
b)
male
34.
Down's syndrome occurs because of a(n)
a)
missing sex chromosome
b)
extra sex chromosome
c)
additional 21st chromosome
d)
additional 18th chromosome
35.

Which one of the following is a way that Mitosis is different from Meiosis:

a)

a. Meiosis results in 2 daughter cells, while Mitosis produces 4 daughter cells

b)

b. Meiosis results in 4 daughter cells, while Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells

c)

c. Cells produced by meiosis are all genetically different

d)

d. Both b and c are correct