WorksheetsSwann's Science SOL Review - Geology
Total questions: 34
Worksheet time: 17mins
The diagram above shows the changes to a land surface caused by a river flowing through the area for many years. Which process caused the changes to the surface?
condensation
erosion
evaporation
pollution
Which one of the following events occurs in the formation of sedimentary rock?
crystallization
melting
cooling
weathering
Sand dunes in the desert are caused by erosion from...
rain
glaciers
streams
wind
Which action can be used to prevent soil erosion?
planting grass
raising grazing animals
digging ditches
spraying with water
Which causes rocks in a stream to be smooth?
weathering
air currents
earthquakes
movement of fish
The tops layers of soil are important because they...
prevent earthquakes
give plants nutrients
protect the bedrock
make walking easier
Which layer of Earth is the thinnest?
inner core
crust
outer core
mantle
Earth is composed of four layers. Many scientists believe that as Earth cooled, the denser materials sank to the center and the less dense materials rose to the top. The least dense layer is the...
crust
mantle
outer core
inner core
Which of these best describes the relationship between Earth's layers?
the hottest layers are closest to the core
the more liquid layers are closest to the crust
the lightest layers are closest to the core
the more metallic layers are closest to the crust
Which layer of Earth is located just below the crust?
inner core
mantle
continental shelf
outer core
Pumice is formed when lava from a volcano cools. Which rock type is pumice?
gaseous rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
Granite os a hard material and forms from cooling magma. Granite is a type of...
lava rock
igneous rock
volcanic dust
sedimentary rock
A student made an observation of four rock samples. Which of these observations most likely describes a sedimentary rock?
has bands of light and dark crystals
has pink, gray, and white crystals grown together
is made up of one huge, pale pink crystal
is made up of layers of sand grains cemented together
Lava cools to form...
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
sandstone
Which of these can be mined from Earth and used as an energy source?
gravel
granite
limestone
coal
Which of these often occur as the Earth's crustal plates move?
hurricanes
floods
tornadoes
earthquakes
The layers in the diagram were broken and separated by movement along the fault. What also most likely occured as these layers moved along the fault?
formation of deep caves
erosion of lower layers
volcanic eruption
earthquake
Which surface feature is most likely caused by the movement of the Earth's crustal plates?
canyons
deltas
lakes
volcanoes
To learn about the temperature inside the Earth's crust, scientists study...
earthquakes
fossils
minerals on the ocean floor
volcanoes
The most common cause of earthquakes is...
the sinking of the ocean floor
movement in the Earth's crust
giant tidal waves called tsunamis
unequal heating of the atmosphere
Rocks which formed in areas once covered by oceans often contain fossils of animals which lived in the sea. Which one of these rocks contains fossils of ocean animals?
Which of these is the best clue that the oldest layer in this diagram formed in an ocean?
the thickness of the layer
the type of fossil in the layer
the position of the layer
the density of the layer
A scientist found a fossil of an organism that had gills. When the organism was living, the area in which it lived was most likely covered by...
forest
grassland
bare rock
water
The picture shows a limestone building block. Which of these best shows that the limestone was formed from ocean sediment?
the position of the fossils
the number of fossils
the type of fossils
the size of the fossils
When comparing fossils from the orange layer to fossils in the brown layer, which is most likely correct?
fossils in the orange layer are larger
fossils in the brown layer are older
fossils in the brown layer are metamorphic
The presence of an animal fossil in a rock gives evidence of...
what hunting behaviors the animal used
how many babies the animal had
EXACTLY when the animal was born
the TIME PERIOD the animal lived in
Which part of a dinosaur is LEAST likely to be found as a fossil?
bones
claws
teeth
muscle
Which of these animals is most likely to form a fossil?
Geologist learn what organisms were like in the past by studying...
minerals
water
fossils
atmosphere
The picture shows an artificial reef. (T/F) Artificial reefs provide shelter, food, and other necessary elements for biodiversity and a productive ocean?
true
false
Which of these is NOT considered ocean pollution?
dumping garbage
artificial reefs
oil spills
chemical runoff
Which of these human activities most relies on high-quality soil?
hiking
hunting
coal mining
growing crops
A student is hiking through a forest taking pictures for science class. Which picture would most likely be used as an example of human impact on Earth?
a group of butterflies landing on flowers
a bird nest made of dead branches
a river eroding away the riverbank
a trail built by cutting down trees
Which of these activities is most likely to have a positive impact on the environment of Earth?
expanding neighborhoods
building factories
constructing highways
creating a nature preserve
