green mineral, highly esteemed as an ornamental stone for carvings, jewelry, etc.

a small tropical evergreen tree cultivated for its seeds, the source of cocoa, chocolate, etc.

the process of cutting down trees, setting fire to the remaining foliage, and using the ashes to provide nutrients to the soil for the use of planting food crops.

type of corn grown by Mesoamerican and Native American civilizations

a term for an earlier or ancient people's culture that has great and widespread influence on some later cultures and people.

a region that includes the southern part of Mexico and much of Central America

book or pages held together used by early Mesoamerican civilizations to record historical and important events

a payment made by one country to another as a sign of respect

a raised road or path, as across low or wet ground.

a structure designed to bring fresh water into a city or town

"floating gardens" small, stationary, artificial island built on a lake for agricultural purposes.

one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century.

a clan or word constituting the fundamental unit of Aztec society

a device made of a main cord with smaller different colored cards attached and knotted used for calculating and recording formation

a family of languages spoken by peoples of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Chili, and Argentina

the messengers (runners) of the Inca empire

an upright stone slab or column typically bearing a commemorative inscription or relief design, often serving as a gravestone.