Which of the following interventions are contraindicated in infants?

Which of the following would be abnormal for a pregnant female in her last trimester of pregnancy?

Of the following, which is the MOST important piece of equipment in the OB kit?

Which of the following are the MOST appropriate times for evaluation of the newborn utilizing the APGAR scale?

You are non-transporting unit treating a 5-year-old who fell off a roof and struck his head on the way down. What treatment suggestion would you consider MOST useful?

Which of the following would require a report to law enforcement or some other state agency?

A pediatric patient is presenting with a decreased level of consciousness and an abnormal breathing pattern. Family relays the patient has had polydispia, polyphagia and polyuria. Which condition MOST likely exists within this patient?

You are assessing a 73 year old who passed out at church after standing up quickly. She was unconscious prior to EMS arrival. Blood pressure is 102/50, heart rate is 112 and regular, respirations are 20 and regular. She is now oriented and refusing transport. What care plan is the MOST prudent.

You are about to transfer a 92 year old female from the bed to a stretcher. What is the major concern when handling and moving this patient?

EMS responds to a daycare center for a child with altered mental status. Caretakers describe a 9 year old "acting like they are on drugs". There is very little to indicate a toxicological emergency. What symptom would confirm a suspicion of hypoglycemia instead of drugs?

A 7 year old female has fallen off a four step riser during choir practice at an all girl school. EMS is called to evaluate the child who claims she is not injured. A female crewmember has no problem conversing with the child and beginning the assessment. But when any of the male crewmembers approach the child, she becomes severly hysterical and crawls up onto the female provider. You ask the teacher if she has ever witnessed this before and she states they have no male adults in the school staff. Because of this behavior, you have concerns for:

ALS providers are preparing to transport a postictal 9 year old following a grand mal seizure. What transport recommendation would you suggest the crew follow to properly care for this child?

You are treating a 10 month old patient that you suspect is choking on a button. The child is responsive but apneic. After administering 5 back blows, you should immediately:

Which of the following treatments is often omitted when properly treating a geriatric patient with a history of severe osteoarthritis?

When should you cut the umbilical cord?

During a long distance transfer of a 10 year old patient struggling to breathe, you find him becoming quieter and acting tired. He seems like he is beginning to go to sleep. What should the provider think of this behavior?

You have just places a female who is 9 months pregnant on a backboard. The patient was stable prior to this and was complaining of back pain. She is now unresponsive, is breathing rapidly, and has a weak, rapid pulse. Which of the following is your MOST immediate priority?

You are called to care for a newborn that was born at home about 20 minutes ago. The parents intentionally selected a home birth. The infant appears grey, looks sleepy, and is only breathing about 18 times a minute. This should be concerning to you because:

You arrive on the scene, your parents caregiver tells you that their child has had nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the past 4 days. They also advise that they are having a difficult time awakening the child this morning. Which of the following findings would indicate the patient is suffering from poor perfusion?

In order to reduce common birth injuries from occurring in the prehospital setting, EMS providers should avoid which of the following situations?

Infants found in cardiac arrest are usually in arrest as a result of:

Bradycardia in the neonate is MOST often a sign of which of the following?

Which of the following is a pre delivery emergency

Regarding hospice type care, which of the following is true?

You are caring for a one week old infant. The mother states the child choked on formula. You provided oropharyngeal suction and now must complete an assessment. What is the most appropriate action during the assessment of this infant?

You have recently delivered a newborn who is now apneic and pulseless. As you start compressions, which of the following rates is correct?

Which of the following needs to be performed for the immobilized pediatric patient who is less than 8 years of age?

You are called to the scene of a trauma involving a female who is 9 months pregnant and in labor. She was cut in her radial artery and you have controlled the bleeding. Her pulse is 98, respirations are 26 and shallow, blood pressure is 100/70, her skin is slightly pale, and she is anxious. Which of the following is your primary concern?

What is the medical term used to describe the softening of bone tissue due to loos of essential minerals?

An elderly person refused to perform personal hygiene and change into clean clothes. This should be considered a form of:

What action must an EMS provider take when a 16 y/o patient tells you a relative has sexually assaulted him?

Which age group accounts for receiving the highest percentage of all reported child abuse cases?

You have recently performed a field delivery. The newborn has a strong, active cry, active motion, a pulse of 96, and a pink body with dusky extremities, and normal, regular respirations. What would you calculate the newborns APGAR score to be?

Which of the following would be the most likely to complicate the assessment of a geriatric patient?

The major advantage of having liquid oxygen for home use is:

Rescuers are deciding whether chest compressions should be continued or stopped during resuscitation of a newborn. Which finding would BEST suggest chest compressions should be continued if the baby remains unresponsive?

Which of the following indicates an immediate need for chest compressions in a newborn?

You have a 9 month old infant who was involved in a serious motor vehicle collision. The infant is in an appropriate, intact car seat and appears stable. Which of the following describes the correct method of immobilizing this patient?

Which of the following type of abuse is the most common for both the geriatric and pediatric populations?

Which of the following is the BEST indicator of an imminent delivery?

A single rescuer is managing a complete airway obstruction on a 3 year old conscious patient. He suspects the patient is choking on a partially chewed piece of food. After performing 5 abdominal thrusts the patients becomes unresponsive. The provider should NEXT:

You have a 4 year old patient who is showing clear signs of hypoperfusion secondary to hemorrhage. Which of the following BEST describes the expected findings if the patient is still able to compensate?

Which of these is true regarding ventilation of a pediatric patient?

Which scenario would most likely be deemed psychological abuse in a court of law? A family is in court because the daughter is suspected of committing elder abuse on her father.

What is a common issue that may interfere with a geriatric patients response to an illness

How could you start evaluating important vital signs on a newborn infant in the dark?

You are caring for an elderly patient who complains of feeling ill. Over the last few years, the patients personality has changed, there has been a loss of memory, and the patient is acting somewhat hostile towards you and others. This patient most likely has a history of:

You are assessing a geriatric patient with an unknown cause of an emergent condition. Which of the following is the most important to evaluate.

Which of the following is your greatest concern regarding a newborn who was born prematurely?

Cardiac arrest in children and infants is most commonly caused by

Which of the following is a common physiological change associated with aging

As you are examining an expectant patient, you discover that the infants legs and buttocks are already delivered. What is the name for this type of presentation

Which of the following is MOST consistent with imminent delivery

A three y/o has been struck by an automobile. Which of the following would be the LEAST likely injury present in this patient?

After you have confirmed a conscious 6 y/o has choked on a toy, you assess that the airway is still partially obstructed. What is the BEST plan if the child is able to cry?

You are preparing for a field delivery of a newborn. After preparing the area for delivery, you note the umbilical cord is protruding through the vaginal opening, yet you see no evidence of crowning. The situation in the above scenario is known a which of the following?

A 78 y/o patient mentions to you the desire to start jogging to lose weight. The patient has purchased a new pair of running shoes and is ready to go. Considering all of the changes geriatric people experience, your biggest concern with this person starting this activity would be the:

You have just completed the transport and delivery of a 6 y/o patient you suspect sustained the injuries as a result of child abuse. Your partner disagrees with your assessment. What should you do?

Which of the following descriptions is TRUE and must be remembered when treating a geriatric patient versus a younger person

Choose the preferred method for inserting an oropharyngeal airway into a 7 y/o patient

What role should you play to aid home healthcare providers in preparing a patient for transport who is in need of a change of clothes due to incontinence?

Which assessment description is unique and common to the geriatric age group?

An EMS provider is trying to determine if all of the organs are being perfused adequately. Which finding would suggest the pediatric patients perfusion is adequate?

You are called to a private home for a baby that is responsive. The 6 month old infant was found by the mother who reports, "she went to wake the baby up from her nap at the usual time". The child was breathing but unresponsive. What is your MOST important action in this case?

You are assessing an 82 y/o female patient with a minor complaint. Which of the following is appropriate?

When evaluating child abuse, which of the following is a typical characteristic of the abuser?

The second stage of labor ends with which of the following?

You have just delivered an infant and thick meconium was present. Which of the following describes the appropriate procedure for this situation?

You are called to a neighborhood park for a child who has fallen off the monkey bars. No one around seems to know the child. The child is crying ans says his leg is injured, but otherwise he wont respond to questions. What is your concern with this child?

You have just performed a field delivery. The respiratory rate of the newborn should be approx. which of the following?

You are caring for an elderly lady who is obviously malnourished. She called EMS because she was too weak to walk to the bathroom. She claims she hasnt eaten in days because she has no money to buy food. You provide supportive care and:

During your assessment of a geriatric patient, you discover a new onset of right sided weakness. What best describes the appropriate response to this finding?

You have already placed oxygen by non rebreather on you pregnant patient that is at the end of her second trimester. During transport she begins tonic-clonic seizures. Referring to the above scenario, what would you expect the patients blood pressure to be?

Which of the following reasons BEST explains why we avoid confrontation with a patient at the scene when we suspect child abuse?

You are attempting to assess a geriatric patient who has extreme hearing difficulties. Which of the following strategies would be BEST for providing psychological support for this patient?

EMS providers are transporting s semi-conscious 5 y/o who is at risk of vomiting with very little warning. They suspect the child has ingested a poison that acts like an emetic. What advice would you recommend the rescuers follow during transport of this child if vital signs are stable?

While caring for a 2 y/o toddler that has croup you witness the child in respiratory distress. The child has a frequent, loud, bark like cough. The child is sitting up, leaning forward, and develops cyanosis when coughing. There are anterior retractions. The respiratory rate is 52 and pulse is 148. As you monitor the child closely, your biggest concern is for the onset of:

What is critical to remember regarding immobilization and airway management of an infant with a possible spinal injury?

Why is it important to dry and warm a newborn infant right after childbirth?

Which of the following is your biggest concern regarding the delivery of twins?

You have assisted in a home delivery. You are waiting for the placenta to deliver before transport. The mother is bleeding but uterine contraction has yet to occur. What is the next action?

Identify which of the following scenarios may benefit from application of humidified oxygen

The head of the baby has just delivered. Which of the following should you do next?

Which of the following can normally be expected during childbirth?

One significant change EMS providers must be aware of in the geriatric age group that will affect assessment findings is they have a decrease in:

You are called to care for a geriatric patient who has fallen down a short set of steps. What is the major concern when assisting with the immobilization of this patient on a long backboard?

What actions should you take to prepare for an imminent delivery? This pregnant female is full term and this is her third child

While treating a 1 y/o for severe respiratory failure, you find him semi responsive with snoring type breathing at 14 breaths per minute. What is your highest priority after you have repositioned the patients head?

Stable infants and toddlers should be assessed which of the following ways?

ALS providers are reassessing a newborn patient after 30 seconds of bag valve mask ventilations. A crew member suggests that BVM ventilations should be stopped. What do you suspect he has witnessed to suggest ventilations can be discontinued?

When assessing a geriatric patient, you must remember that this type of patient often has:

Which of these signs would you expect to see in a pediatric patient who is in compensated shock but would be unexpected in a pediatric patient in decompensated shock?

During delivery of a newborn, the umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the neck. Which of the following is the best way to manage this?

What should you do FIRST if the amniotic sac is still intact as the head is delivered?

You observe a 4 y/o patient who is dyspneic and who has a loud, harsh voice, and a raspy cough. As you continue your assessment, the child has increased in effort to breathe and intercostal muscle retractions. What condition do you suspect?

Which of the following is a typical assessment finding in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

You have just delivered a newborn infant. The infant is limp and unresponsive. After clearing the airway, what should you do next?

Which of the following patients is MOST likely to be under assessed?

EMS providers respond to a child experiencing trouble breathing and difficulty swallowing. According to the parents, the patient went to sleep without complaint and woke up with severe dyspnea. Which finding would suggest a higher risk of epiglottis?

While packaging a child who fell and hit her head, you find the patients father becoming frustrated with you and the other rescuers. What action below will MOST likely reduce the tension between the father and the rescuers?

You have a newborn who is blue in the hand but pink centrally, pulse is 80, respirations are 10, movement is weak, and he has a slight facial grimace when you flick the feet. What would the APGAR score be for this newborn?

The BEST explanation of a bloody show during pregnancy is:

Following your assessment of a very sick infant you need to determine if the problem is respiratory failure or hypoperfusion. With hypoperfusion, the infant will most likely have a:

Why should at least one family member stay with a geriatric patient during assessment and treatment

Where do we initially assess the pulse of an unconscious infant?

You are off duty and in a convenience store when a mother hands you an unresponsive infant. After identifying an infant in cardiac arrest, which of the following should you do NEXT?

Which of the following is a common lower airway issue in the pediatric patient?

When should an EMS provider consider a patient at highest risk for fractures related to osteoporosis complications?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding child abuse?

What does the first A in APGAR represent?

You have been called to assist with a delivery. Upon your arrival, you discover the first responders have just delivered a newborn. Which of the following should be your highest priority regarding the management of this newborn?

Which of the following newborn conditions will MOST likely benefit from oxygen delivery early on?

A 3 y/o child was found wandering in a neighborhood park. You are called to evaluate and most likely, transport the child to the hospital. You see that the child has old bruises in multiple areas of his body along with burn scars. These are present on all limbs, the back and abdomen. You suggest to the police that the best explanantion for these injuries is

Your partner is ventilating your non intubated, 1 y/o patient at a rate of 60 times per min. Which of the following is MOST likely to occur?

During transport of a woman and her recent newborn to the hospital, she complains of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing and excruciating, sharp chest pain. She becomes unresponsive, has marked jugular venous distention, and is hypotensive. Which of the following is MOST likely the cause?

You are called to a private residence to care for pregnant female that is bleeding vaginally. You estimate that she has lost about 750ml of blood from what you see at the scene. She claims she has no pain. Based on this information, you believe the cause to be:

You are gaining access to a 3 y/o patient trapped in a car that rolled over. The child is conscious, crying, and found in an undamaged child seat. What is the BEST technique for immobilizing the patient?

You are caring for a 96 y/o patient that has fallen down 2-3 steps. The patient is supine on the floor and when attempting to sit up has immense pain in the pelvic area. The best way to minimize this discomfort is:

Which description of vomiting would be the MOST dangerous if found while assessing a newly delivered infant?

Which of the following represents normal cap refill in an infant

In caring for a child who you suspect has been abused, your primary concern is to:

Which of the following time frames BEST defines the neonate

Which condition is LEAST likely to occur in a normal progression of age in a geriatric patient?

In the home healthcare setting, which is a key component that makes palliative care unique?

During a treatment of a 5 y/o with a head injury, you observe several normal physiological differences between her and an adult trauma patient. Choose the description that BEST matches normal for this 5 y/o age group

To assist a mother in positioning herself for delivery of her newborn, place her:

If an EMS provider was to report what they believed to be obvious neglect, they would MOST likely choose which description below?

You arrive on scene of a house fire. You are presented with a pediatric patient who has burns covering both legs. Which of the following represents the correct percentage of surface area involved?

When is it appropriate to place a gloved hand into the birth canal during an abnormal delivery?

Which of the following situations would be a reportable offense by law if found by providers when treating a child?

Your patient has been diagnosed with pneumonia. The patients color has changes from pale to blue

You are preparing for a field delivery of a newborn. After preparing the area for delivery, you note the umbilical cord is protruding through the vaginal opening, yet you see no evidence of crowning. Which of the following is the BEST way to manage this patient?

You and your partner arrive on scene of a pediatric patient struck by a vehicle. Bystanders report the patient was thrown several feet onto the pavement. Which injury would most likely occur?

Which situation or finding would trigger you to suspect abuse of a child

Which of the following statements is the MOST correct regarding characteristics of the child abuser?

Which of the following would be a misconception regarding the elderly?

You are assessing a 6 y/o choking victim and determine he is apneic. Your partner has completed 5 abdominal thrusts, the child has become unresponsive, and your partner is unclear on what to do next. What should you suggest?

From the list below, which finding would be abnormal for a geriatric patient?

Which of these is a common cause for an acute respiratory emergency with a child?

For which of the following would you immediately initiate ventilatory assistance in the newborn?

Which of the following is the term used to describe a patient with a bleeding disorder?

You arrive on the scene of childbirth in progress. The father has just delivered the baby and laid it on the bed. You note the infant to be limp and not crying. The next most important steps are to:

You are treating a child with leukemia. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate given the childs history?

You are describing how a new EMS provider should deal with subtle differences between the young patient and the old. Identify the statement that is MOST accurate regarding patient assessment of these two categories of patients.

Rescuers are transporting a 1 1/2 y/o child whose parents described as suddenly becoming short of breath after crawling around the kitchen floor. The child seems to have labored breathing and presents with stridor on inspiration. What is the FIRST suspicion the rescuers should have?

You have delivered a newborn infant and completed drying and warming. The airway was clear yet the infant remained sleepy and difficult to arouse with stimulation. You decide to start supplemental oxygen. At what point would it be appropriate to discontinue the oxygen?

Call information: 3 y/o with difficulty breathing on a cold winter evening. The chief complaint, according to the mother, is that her son has been sick for a few days and now cannot catch his breath. He has no past medical history and is breathing at 32/min. He looks like he is using a lot of effort to cough forcefully. Which statement should be withheld because it may relay a lack of compassion for the situation?

Regarding SIDS, which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is an inappropriate term used to describe a patient who often calls EMS for no apparent medical reason?

Which of the following situations BEST matches that of a classic child abuse case?

Incontinence is the medical term describing the:

EMS is dispatched to a child struck by a car while riding a bicycle in the roadway. The child has a possible head injury and a deformed right arm. During immobilization, the patients parents arrive on scene. Rescuers should expect which of the following as a normal reaction?

You are dispatched to a restaurant for a woman sitting on the floor in labor. Delivery seems imminent and you prepare to assist her. While setting up your equipment, a manager asks if you can move the patient to the bathroom away from other customers. With this information, rescuers should:

A babysitter explains she witnesses a child seizing and called 911 a minute after it started. What is the MOST common cause for a child to have a convulsion?

Where should the clamp closest to the baby be placed on the umbilical cord after delivery?

You are treating a child with suspected spinal meningitis. Which of the following is the MOST important consideration?

In children over one year of age, what is the leading cause of accidental death?

You have a newborn who is breathing slowly and has a heart rate of 64. What is the FIRST step in neonatal ressuscitation for this newborn?

You are assessing a pregnant female who is about to give birth and you observe a prolapsed cord. Which of the following is the correct procedure for this situation?

Which of the following ideas is critical to remember when attempting to clear an airway obstruction on a 3 month old infant?