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WorksheetsJ277 GCSE Computer Science - 1.1 Systems architecture
Total questions: 92
Worksheet time: 3615secs
Data and Instructions which are currently in use are stored in the
RAM
Solid State Drive
Cache
The maximum number of instructions executed per second potentially doubles
The maximum number of instructions executed per second potentially quadruples
The maximum number of instructions executed per second is potentially quartered
This holds the instruction/data temporarily after it is brought to the processor from the main memory
Instruction is executed in the ALU
Contol Unit used to decode instruction
Which registers hold an address?
Program Counter
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Accumulator
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Which of the below are registers?
Program Counter
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Accumulator
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Which registers could hold data?
Program Counter
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Accumulator
Memory Address Register (MAR)
The CPU stands for:
Control processing unit
Centralised process unit
Central process unified
Central processing unit
This is secondary storage:
CPU
GPU
USB
RAM
What is held in cache?
All the programming instructions
Commonly used instructions and data
Instructions that have been processed
Data that hasn’t been used for a long time
The processor…
Fetches and decodes instructions
Is main memory
Is secondary storage
Is an input device
What is the purpose of the accumulator?
To perform arithmetic operations
To hold the results of a calculation
To hold the accumulation of instructions that have happened
To remember the previous instruction being worked on
This is not a type of secondary storage
Blu-Ray Drive/Disc
Flash Memory
Hard Disk Drive
RAM
Inside the CPU, you will find:
ALU, CU, registers, cache memory
ADU, PC, storage, RAM memory
ARM, PC, controller, cache memory
APM, CU, time signal, RAM memory
The ALU....
does any maths or logic problems for the CPU
stores data inside the CPU
sends out control signals for the CPU
holds specific data for the fetch-decode-execute cycle
The CU...
does any maths or logic problems for the CPU
stores data inside the CPU
manages the cycle and decodes instructions
holds specific data for the fetch-decode-execute cycle
The cache memory...
does any maths or logic problems for the CPU
stores frequently used instructions close to the CPU
sends out control signals for the CPU
holds specific data for the fetch-decode-execute cycle
The registers...
do any maths or logic problems for the CPU
store data inside the CPU
send out control signals for the CPU
hold specific data for the fetch-decode-execute cycle
The MAR stores the (a) of data which is either being sent to or fetched from the RAM.
The MDR holds the (a) which is being sent to/fetched from the address in the MAR.
The PC holds the address of the next (a) which will be fetched.
The PC is (a) by 1 at the end of each fetch-decode-execute cycle.
The ACC holds the result of any processing by the (a) .
The main purpose of the CPU is to run the _____-______-_______ cycle.
Please include the hyphens in your answer
(a)
The first stage of the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle is:
The next instruction is fetched from the memory
The instruction is decoded so that it can be done
Any processing is done using the ALU
The PC is incremented
The second stage of the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle is:
The next instruction is fetched from the RAM
The instruction is decoded so that it can be made ready to execute
Any processing is done using the ALU
The PC is incremented
The third stage of the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle is:
The next instruction is fetched from the RAM
The instruction is decoded so that it can be done
Any processing is done using the ALU
The PC is incremented
Select the registers which hold memory addresses. [2]
RAM
MDR
ACC
PC
MAR
Select the registers. [3]
ALU
MDR
ACC
PC
CU
To get data from RAM, memory addresses are sent from the CPU down the...
bus.
registers.
ROM.
cache.
Embedded systems have limited (a)
Embedded systems are built into a (a) machine.
Examples of an embedded systems are
Laptops
Washing machine
Desktop
Lights in a car
It stores a single address
MAR
MDR
Cache
Program Counter
RAM
It stores frequently used instructions
MAR
MDR
Cache
Program Counter
RAM
It is a register
MAR
MDR
Cache
Program Counter
RAM
It stores all currently running data and instructions
MAR
MDR
Cache
Program Counter
RAM
The following paragraph describes embedded systems.
Embedded systems have limited (a) They are often built into a (b) machine. Two examples of embedded systems are a (c) and automated (d) in a car.
ROM stands for (a) only memory. This stores the (b) instructions for a computer and cannot be (c) . RAM stands for (d) access memory. This stores the instructions and (e) that are currently being used.
If the computer does not have enough RAM to run a process it can make use of (a) memory. RAM and ROM are both examples of (b) memory. Memory located close to the processor that allows faster access than from RAM is called (c) memory
Organise these options into the right categories o show whether each of the statements is true for the RAM or ROM in a Sat Nav.
Stores the boot up sequence of the Sat Nav.
The contents are lost when the Sat Nav is turned off.
Holds copies of open maps and routes.
Kerry wants to buy two computers. Both computers have RAM and ROM. Identify if that statement describes RAM and/or ROM.
Stores data
The memory is volatile
Data will not be lost when the computer is turned off
Data is read-only, cannot be changed
Stores currently running data and instructions
Organize these options into the right categories
Volatile
Non-Volatile
Used to store currently running programs, OS and data
Can be written to and read from
Used for boot up instructions
Used to store programs for embedded systems
Read only, cannot be written to
Why does a computer need both primary and secondary storage
Stores currently active data/programs/OS that processor needs
so the start-up instructions are not deleted when the computer turns off
to store frequently used data/instructions
the user's files will be stored when the power is turned off
store data not currently being used
The computer has Virtual Memory (VM).
The table has four statements about VM. Not all of the statements are correct.
A section of primary storage is partitioned to act as virtual memory
Program Instructions from VM is transferred into RAM when needed
VM is needed when RAM is full, or nearly full
Data from VM is transferred back to secondary storage when needed
Advantages and Disadvantages of Secondary Storage
Smallest capacity (up to 50GB)
Largest Capacity (up to 16TB)
Large capacity (up to 4TB)
Slowest speed (50 MB/s)
Medium speed (approx 200 MB/s)
Fastest speed (approx 3.5 GB/S)
Lowest cost per GB
Relatively lower cost compared to SSD but can store all programs
More susceptible to physical damage as spinning arm to read platter
High durability and shock resistance
No moving parts for silent operation
Expensive compared to other types of storage
Not durable, easily scratched
Which one of the following defines the role of the accumulator in a CPU?
Acts as a large cache memory
A place where results of calculations are temporarily stored
lt regulates the clock speed
Stores the address of the next instruction
These temporary store of data will lose all contents when power is lost.
RAM
ROM
Registers
Cache
This permanent store of data saves contents when power is lost.
RAM
ROM
Registers
Cache
Why is a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) not very portable?
It has moving parts
It is too large
It will break if you touch it
It is too small
Volatile memory...
Retains any stored data when there's no power
Loses any stored data when there's no power
Is explosive when put directly in sunlight
Non-volatile memory...
Retains any stored data when there's no power
Loses any stored data when there's no power
Is stable even under extreme environmental conditions
Which statement is true?
ROM contains the operating system
RAM is part of the hard disk
RAM stores programs / data used by the CPU
ROM is volatile
Which storage or memory solution below is used to store the BIOS?
ROM
Secondary Storage
Magnetic Hard Disk
RAM
Which of the following are volatile?
RAM
Secondary Storage
ROM
Magnetic Hard Disk
Cache
What is RAM in Desktop Computers, Notebooks, and Smartphones is usually measured in?
Gigabytes
Megabytes
Kilobytes
Bytes
If BIOS was stored in the RAM what would happen?
It would run faster because RAM is quicker to read and write
It would get erased every time the computer shut off
The BIOS could be larger because RAM has larger capacities
It would remain after the computer has been shut off
RAM can be...
Read
Written
Erased
ROM can be...
Read
Written
Erased
Select the statements which best describe RAM as opposed to a description of ROM...
It is volatile
It is non-volatile
Usually smaller in capacity
Usually higher in capacity
Select the statements which best describe ROM versus a description of RAM...
It is volatile
It is non-volatile
Usually smaller in capacity
Usually higher in capacity
BIOS contains...
A set of instructions for starting up the computer
The operating system the computer runs on
Applications and general files
All the data stored on the computer
Which one is an example of solid state memory? (2-3)
RAM
ROM
SD Card
Cache
ROM
Magnetic Hard Disk
RAM
BIOS
What type of storage is a DVD?
Magnetic
Solid State
Optical
What type of storage is a USB memory stick?
Solid State
Optical
Magnetic
What type of storage is an SSD?
Magnetic
Optical
Solid State
Which of the following types of storage would it be possible to access data the quickest on?
Solid State
Magnetic
Optical
Which of the following types of storage is the most durable?
Optical
Magnetic
Solid State
Which of the following types of storage is the most expensive per GB?
Solid State
Magnetic
Optical
Why is a Magnetic Hard Disk Drive (HDD) not usually recommended for portable devices?
It has moving parts
It will break if you touch it
It is too small
It is too large
Which type of storage uses lasers to read the data?
Magnetic
All types
Solid state
Optical
Virtual memory is used to...
Allow a computer to continue to run if the computer runs out of space on it's HDD
Allow a computer to continue to run if the computer runs out of space on it's ROM
Allow a computer to continue to run if the computer runs out of space on it's RAM
Virtual memory occupies space on a computers...
ROM
RAM
Secondary Storage
CPU Cache
Reorder the following memory/storage in order of fastest to slowest
Cache
RAM
Solid State Hard drive
Magnetic Hard Drive
Optical storage
Reorder the following memory/storage in order of largest amount of storage to least amount of storage in a typical configuration
Magnetic Hard Drive
Solid State Hard drive
Optical storage - Blu-Ray
RAM
Cache
Match the register type to it's purpose
PC
Stores the address of the next instruction to be fetched
MAR
Stores the address of the current data
MDR
Stores the data/instruction fetched from memory
ACC
Stores the result of calculations
A car has a ‘Follow Me’ system that uses a cruise control feature to allow the car to follow the car
in front of it. It will keep the same speed and distance without the driver’s intervention. The cruise
control system is an example of an embedded system. What will be items stored in the ROM, and what will be stored in RAM?
Boot-up instructions
BIOS
Program instructions for the follow me system
Current speed of vehicle
Default following distances
Distance to the vehicle in front
Desired set distance to the care in front
Live traffic of what all the other cars are doing
Saved music songs to play
Current acceleration or braking of the car
