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WorksheetsBIO STAAR REVIEW - TOP 4 MISSED CLUSTER TEKS
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 29mins
TOPIC - MECHANISMS OF GENETICS
Take 1-2 minutes to write everything you can recall about DNA.
What is DNA's monomer/polymer? How is information stored in DNA? What is transcription/translation? How and why is DNA important to all living things? What is Mendelian Genetics?
(STAAR B6.A) Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?
The number of adenines and cytosines determine the type of RNA that will be produced
The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized
The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determine the length of the genes
The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain
(STAAR B6.B) In the early 1980's scientist were able to produce two biomolecules by splicing a human gene into the bacterium E. coli to make recombinant human insulin and growth hormone. Which statement best explains why this experiment was successful?
Human cells are eukaryotic, and E. coli cells are prokaryotic
All living organisms share the same genome
The genes for all organisms are composed of the same building blocks
The human body contains many types of bacteria, including E. coli
(STAAR B6.C) A sequence of a DNA strand is given: 3' TCC AAT GGC TTA TTT GCA 5'
Which of these is the correct amino acid chain produced from the DNA template strand?
Arginine - Leucine - Proline - Asparagine - Lysine - Arginine
Tryptophan - Phenylalanine - Leucine - Glycine - Asparagine - Phenylalanine
Serine - Leucine - Proline - Asparagine - Lysine - Arginine
Tryptophan - Phenylalanine - Leucine - Glycine - Asparagine - Serine
(STAAR B6.D) In the 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some caterpillars in the dark and placed some others under red, green, or blue lights. Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wings. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale-colored wings. What was the most likely conclusion of Morgan's research?
The pigment in butterfly wings absorbs light from the environment
The phenotypic expression of wing shape depends on color pigmentation in butterflies
The genes regulating wing color in butterflies are influenced by environmental factors
Caterpillars exposed to red and green light are healthier than caterpillars exposed to no light or blue light
(STAAR B6.E) The table shows a DNA sequence and three types of mutations that can change the DNA sequence. Which mutation will cause translation to stop?
Mutations 1 and 3 only
Mutation 1 only
Mutation 2 only
Mutations 1, 2, and 3
(STAAR B6.F) Chickens can have different types of feathers. Frizzled feathers curl toward a chicken's head. Assume that feather type is determined by a single gene and that the allele for frizzled feathers is dominant over the allele for straight feathers. In a cross between two chickens with straight feathers, what percentage of the offspring can be expected to have frizzled feathers?
0%
25%
50%
100%
(STAAR B6.G) During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This exchange of genetic material --
Increase the genetic variation
reduces the diploid number to the haploid number
Increases the haploid number to the diploid number
reduces the probability of mutations
TOPIC: EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
Take 1-2 minutes to write everything you recall about evolutionary theory.
How is evidence of common ancestry provided by fossils, biogeography, and homologies? What is natural selection? Does natural selection change the population or the individual? What is survival of the fittest? What is the relationship between natural selection and adaptations?
(STAAR B7.A) The image shows part of the humerus bone in different genera of primates. Which statement is best supported by the observable structures of the different humerus bones?
The primates lived in similar environments
The primates shared a common ancestor
The primates interbreed with similar organisms in a population
The primates had diets that consisted of similar types of foods
(STAAR B.7B) The cladogram shows the evolution of land plants as indicated by fossil records. Which discovery would challenge the validity of this cladogram?
A large aquatic vascular plant about 200 million years old
A species of algae that has existed for less than one million years
A moss species that has existed for less than 380 million years
A fossil of a fern more than 425 million years old
(STAAR B.7C) The quiver tree grows in desert areas in southern Africa. In recent decades average temperatures have been rising in southern Africa. Scientists predict that this warming trend will continue. Quiver trees in the hottest parts of their range near the equator are dying, but quiver trees at high elevations or in parts of the range that are farther from the equator are growing and reproducing. Which of these best explains what is happening to the quiver tree population in souther Africa?
Individual quiver trees are unable to adjust to the rising temperatures, and only those in cooler parts of the range will survive
The quiver tree species is unable to survive rising temperatures throughout its range. The species is likely to undergo rapid extinction
Individual quiver trees can quickly adapt to rising temperatures. Individual trees will change their method of seed dispersal in cooler parts of the range
The quiver tree species will survive by producing offspring suited for warmer temperatures
(STAAR B.7D) The green frog (Lithobates clamitans clamitans) is found in many parts of the United States. The table contains some information about this frog. Why does the ability to lay 1,000 to 5,000 eggs increase the fitness of the species L. clamitans clamitans?
It increases opportunities for offspring to compete for limited resources
It increases the probability that some offspring will survive long enough to reproduce
It increases the probability that moving water will promote gene flow from one population to another
It increases the change of the recombination of alleles, leading to genetic drift in the population
(STAAR B.7E) Adaptations that result from natural selection are expected to increase the fitness of an organism. In terms of natural selection, which of the following best describes fitness?
Being able to escape from predators
Being among the strongest organisms in a population
Being able to survive, find a mate, and produce offspring
Being able to survive long enough to reach the adult stage
(STAAR B.7F) Lord Howe Island is a volcanic island in the Tasman Sea that is about 11 km long and 2.8 km wide. The island has two species of palm trees, Howea forsteriana and the more abundant Howea belmoreana. The two species do not interbreed even when they grow very close to each other. Which evolutionary process fails to occur?
Genetic drift of Howea forsteriana
Natural selection of adaptive traits in both species
Gene flow between the two species
Mutations in Howea belmoreana
TOPIC: LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Take 1-2 minutes to write everything you recall about biological systems.
What animal/plant systems do you know the function of? What animal/plant systems do you NOT know the function of? What are the levels of organization from smallest to largest?
List of systems:
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Digestive
Respiratory
Circulatory
Excretory
Reproductive
Roots
Shoots
(STAAR B.10A) The female reproductive and endocrine systems work interactively for which main purpose?
To maintain homeostasis by removing waste products from the body
To release neurotransmitters during times of stress
To control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy
To exchange gases to support cellular aerobic respiration
(STAAR B.10B) Fruits grown in hot climates are usually less sweet than those grown in cooler temperatures. The high temperatures increase the rate of respiration in the plants, thus reducing the sugar content in some fruits. Why does increased respiration in the leaves and stems reduce the sugar content in the fruits of a plant?
Chloroplasts move from the fruits to the leaves and stems to provide energy for respiration
The flow of nutrients shifts from the phloem to the xylem, moving nutrients away from the fruits
Sugars are moved from the fruits to the roots for storage
Sugars produced in the leaves are used as an energy source instead of being stored in fruits
(STAAR B.10C) The human body is composed of organ systems. Which list represents a system of organized from least to most complex?
Heart -> cardiac muscle -> muscle tissue -> muscle cell
Lung tissue -> trachea -> nostrils -> circulatory system
Muscle cell -> muscle tissue -> biceps muscle -> muscular system
Integumentary system -> skin cell -> hair -> sweat glands
TOPIC: Organism Behavior
Take 1-2 minutes to write everything you recall about organism behavior.
What are the three symbiotic relationships we've focused on? Can you compare variations and adaptations? Can you follow a food web? What are trophic levels? How much energy gets transferred as you move up in trophic levels? What are the carbon & nitrogen cycles?
(STAAR B.12A) Which of these best demonstrates mutualism between certain types of bacteria and humans?
Intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from the gut and produce vitamin K used by humans
Bacteria become resistant to antibacterial medication that humans use for treatment
Invasive bacteria at an area of injury produce toxins that damage healthy tissues of the human body
Bacteria in improperly prepared food is consumed by humans, causing food poisoning
(STAAR B.12B) The Indian leaf butterfly has traits that allow it to resemble a leaf. The bright colors of the monarch butterfly indicate that the butterfly tastes bad and can be poisonous. How does the appearance of these butterflies help them to survive?
The Indian leaf butterfly is able to avoid predators while the monarch butterfly warns predators away
The Indian leaf butterfly frightens predators away while the monarch butterfly poisons predators before they can eat it
Both butterflies rely on camouflage to avoid predation
Both butterflies cooperate with one another to avoid predation
(STAAR B.12C) A partial meadow food web is shown. Based on this food web, which organisms are direct sources of energy for secondary consumers?
Aphid
Bird
Rabbit
Ladybug
Fox
Dragonfly
Frog
Butterfly
Berries
Mouse
Snake
Hawk
(STAAR B.12D) As part of the nitrogen cycle, animals acquire some amino acids by doing which of the following?
Breathing air
Eating plants
Drinking water
Producing waste
(STAAR B.12E) Scientists have observed many types of tropical fish moving beyond their traditional ocean ranges into waters that have historically been more temperate. These fish compete for food with native fish, consuming much from the kelp forests and beds of sea grass. The expansion of the ranges of tropical fish was most likely caused by --
agricultural runoff that contributes to dead zones in the ocean
global droughts that raise the salt concentration of ocean waters
the rising temperatures of ocean waters
acid rain pollution that lowers the pH of ocean waters
