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Worksheets3 - STAAR Review
Total questions: 36
Worksheet time: 26mins
What is the role of mRNA in expressing specialized structures?
Making energy available for cellular activities
Creating bonds to form biomolecules
Producing sugars that assist with replication
Providing information to form proteins
From a single fertilized ovum undergoing a series of rapid cell divisions, a human infant develops. The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?
Each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that cell type.
Each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for that cell type.
Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.
Each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals.
Each strand of a DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases that pair with other nitrogenous bases in very specific ways. A diagram of a section of DNA is shown. Which DNA strand is complementary to the one shown above?
The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA varies widely. The sequence of the bases in DNA is most important for which of the following?
Providing the instructions for the traits of an organism
Preventing mutations from occurring during DNA replication
Allowing the DNA to have the shape necessary for replication
Helping form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules
Which part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an organism?
The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together.
The number of carbons in the DNA molecule.
The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.
The sequences of phosphates along each DNA strand.
A segment of DNA is shown in the diagram. Which of these identifies is the part of the DNA segment labeled "X"?
Nucleotide
Phosphate Group
Hydrogen Bond
Deoxyribose
Which property is shared by the cells of all living things?
The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
The cells surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose
The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus
The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration
Researchers combined sequences of fruit-fly DNA from a gene for a particular trait with frog
DNA. The mixture was heated to separate the DNA strands. Cooling allowed the single strands
to form pairs. The researchers observed that some of the fruit-fly DNA paired with frog DNA. The results provide evidence that —
similar nucleotides are present in both fruit-fly and frog DNA
fruit flies and frogs can be made to develop some of the same physical traits
heat can cause mutations in the DNA sequences of organisms
the replication of genetic material can occur at any temperature
A partial DNA segment and a mRNA codon chart are shown. What amino acid sequence is encoded in the partial DNA segment?
Serine - Threonine - Tyrosine
Serine - Serine - Tyrosine
Serine - Threonine - Methionine
Serine - Alanine - Methionine
A model of a biological process is shown. What is the purpose of this process?
To replicate the DNA of an organism before cell division
To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain along a DNA template
To synthesize amino acids used to unzip strands of DNA and copy the genetic code
To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids
The Himalayan rabbit’s habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur. A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice
pack over the shaved area. The shaved area grew black fur. Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?
The genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures.
The white hair mutated to black hair as the rabbit’s body temperature decreased.
The coat color changed from white to black with the age of the rabbit.
White hair only grows during certain times of the year.
Human bone, muscle, and nerve cells all contain the same number of chromosomes with the same complement of genes. What enables these cells to perform specialized activities?
The ability of some cells to remove unnecessary DNA sequences
The regulation of gene expression within each cell type
The mutation of genes within each cell type
The use of different methods of cell division
An illustration of how a particular DNA mutation will most likely affect the polypeptide produced is shown. What type of mutation is illustrated?
Insertion
Transcription
Substitution
Deletion
When a new mutation occurs in a somatic cell of a sexually reproducing organism, what percentage of the individual's offspring are likely to inherit the mutation?
100%
75%
25%
0%
The model shows a mutation to a partial sequence of bases in a gene. Which type of mutation does the model demonstrate?
Deletion
Insertion
Translocation
Substitution
Having a standard taxonomic system benefits the scientific community by allowing scientists from all over the world to do which of the following?
Have a common system for the classification of locations containing fossils
Use a similar system to classify the impact of removing species from ecosystems
Have a common understanding in the classification of organisms and to avoid confusion
Understand how other scientists classify predator–prey relationships
The Linnaean taxonomic system classifies organisms into divisions called taxa. If two organisms belong to the same taxonomic group, they are related. Similarity at which of these levels indicates the closest relationship?
Kingdom
Class
Order
Genus
A dichotomous key for identifying fish is shown. Based on the key, which two fish have eyes located on either side of their head and are not spotted?
Glassy sweeper and squirrelfish
Glasseye snapper and spotted eagle ray
Spotted goatfish and bandtail puffer
Peacock flounder and glassy sweeper
A cladogram is shown below. All the animals to the right of the salamander would have the common characteristic of —
Fur
Claws or nails
Lungs
Jaws
A student used a microscope to study four members of the phylum Ciliophora. Members of this phylum move when propelled by hundreds of tiny cilia. Although these organisms belong to the same phylum, they are classified as different —
Families
Species
Kingdoms
Orders
A researcher determines and organisms is eukaryotic, single-cellular and autotrophic. In which taxonomic group should this organisms be classified?
Bacteria
Protista
Archaea
Animalia
The diagram shows taxonomic groups and a major distinguishing characteristic of all but two of them. Which characteristics will be used to complete the chart?
Which part of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
Interphase
Cytokinesis
Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?
transcription
translation
replication
Where does transcription take place in EUKARYOTIC cells?
nucleus
cytoplasm
ribosome
In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is ____.
23
46
69
92
What is the scientific term that refers to sex cells?
autosome
gamete
karyotype
chromosome
The exchange of genetic information that ensures that every gamete is unique is referred to as
mitosis
meiosis
reduction division
crossing over
What is another term for body cells?
somatic cells
gamete
stem cell
neural cell
All sperm and egg cells are genetically identical.
TRUE
FALSE
Long tongues (T) are dominant to short tongues in green tree frogs. What is the probability that a frog with a short tongue and a frog that is heterozygous for a long tongue could produce offspring with short tongues?
