Examine this diagram. The molecule is bonded together using ___ bonds.

ions occur when an atom or molecule gains or loses a(n) ___.

An ion that donates an outer valence electrons will have a __ charge.

An ion that accepts a donated electron will have a __ charge.

Water takes a long time to cool and to warm, due to its:

The average salinity of the worlds oceans is:

precipitation will ____ salinity and evaporation will ___ salinity ...

____ is water over 40 ppt.

Turbulence is caused by __ and has this impact on ocean layering... (such as thermoclines and haloclines)

Gases will diffuse into ____ water faster than they would into ___ water.

Water pressure with depth ___ solubility of gas in ocean water.

A ___ is a substance that does not change pH when an acid or a base is added to it.

Carbon is used by living creatures to build

The reactants of photosynthesis are:

The products of photosynthesis are:

Producers ___ carbon from an ____ for to an ___ form.

The __ zone has no light, and makes up the bulk of the ocean.

Refer to the picture. Which represents the depth of the photic zone in the tropics?

The photic zone contains oxygen due to

The most dense water will be found in the __ zone while the least dense water will be found in the ___ zone.

A thermocline occurs when ____ changes rapidly in water.

Which location will the thermocline be nearly similar between summer and winter?

Which location will have the most dramatic change in the depth of the thermocline between summer and winter?

Floating ice impacts biodiversity by:

Water that is 25 ppt would float ___ of water that's 12.4 ppt.

When you see "niche" you think, and write,

The trophic level of a secondary consumer is

phytoplankton are

competition between the same species:

a chemical that provides what is needed for organisms to live and grow

bacteria and fungi that break down dead organic matter and release the nutrients back into the environment

part of the abiotic phase of the nutrient cycle where nutrients can remain for long periods of time

the flow of water from land caused by precipitation

the movement of cold, nutrient-rich water from deep in the ocean to the surface

What is the independent variable?

What is the dependent variable?

The blue line on the graph represents

Which of the following are biological uses of phosphorus?

What is the main biological use of magnesium?

Why can't phytoplankton or plants survive the environment surrounding a hydrothermal vent?

Which of the following organic molecules contain nitrogen?

What negative consequence could be the result of excess nutrient runoff from land?

Why does productivity decrease in the fall and winter months in the northern hemisphere?

A hypothesis cannot become a theory.

Qualitative data includes colors, shapes, and rates of change.

The test group receives the manipulated variable (IV).

Control variables are only applied to the control group.

Water baths are good control variables since water has a high heat capacity, and does not change temperature quickly, thus it holds a steady constant reliable temperature.

Requirements for all photoautotrophs