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Unit 5 Heredity Test Review

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The form of a gene that is always expressed if present is the _______ form.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

homologous

d)

heterozygous

2.

Two heterozygous purple-flowering pea plants are crossed. If purple is dominant over white, what are the expected phenotypic results?

a)

100% purple

b)

75% purple

25% white

c)

50% purple

50% white

d)

25% purple

75% white

3.

What law BEST explains why an organism with 'Tt' will show only the dominant phenotype?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

d)

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

4.

If an organism inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele for eye color, their genotype would be:

a)

haploid

b)

homozygous

c)

heterozygous

d)

homologous

5.

Two parents have the genotype Gg for a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele. What is the chance that their children will inherit the disorder?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

6.

Which Mendelian law of inheritance states that organisms inherit two copies of each gene and donate one copy to each of their offspring?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

d)

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

7.

In pigs, the allele for a wavy, rough coat (R) is dominant to the allele for a soft, fine coat (r). A rough coat boar and a soft coat sow mate. They produce several litters, 50% are rough coat and 50% are smooth coat. What must be the genotypes of the parents to create this phenotypic ratio?

a)

RR × rr

b)

Rr x rr

c)

RR x Rr

d)

Rr x Rr

8.

Imagine two heterozygous parents.  Each has a dominant allele (B) for brown eyes and a recessive allele (b) for blue eyes.  What would the genotypic ratio of the offspring be?

a)

100% Bb

b)

50% BB

50% Bb

c)

 25% BB

50% Bb

25% bb

d)

50% Bb

50% bb

9.

The genotype TT is considered to be:

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

10.

The genotype Tt is considered to be:

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

11.

The genotype tt is considered to be:

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

12.

If square is dominant over round, what is the phenotype for SS?

a)

square

b)

round

13.

If square is dominant over round, what is the phenotype for Ss?

a)

square

b)

round

14.

If square is dominant over round, what is the phenotype for ss?

a)

square

b)

round

15.

For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait, she must have _________.

a)

a Y chromosome

b)

 one recessive allele

c)

two recessive alleles

d)

 two dominant alleles

16.

Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the interaction of many genes, making it a(n)

a)

autosomal trait

b)

sex-linked trait

c)

polygenic trait

d)

codominant trait

17.

Red hair and freckles are commonly inherited together.  Which of following patterns of inheritance explains this?

a)

Linked genes

b)

Multiple Alleles

c)

Sex-linked

d)

Codominance

18.

Which pair of genes in the diagram would be most likely to be inherited together?

a)

A and B

b)

A and C

c)

C and D

d)

D and E

19.

In a newly discovered species of flower, it was discovered that the color of the flowers is determined by two different genes.  Which of the following inheritance patterns is this?

a)

Multiple Alleles

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Linked Genes

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

20.

A cross between a purebred animal with red hairs and a purebred animal with white hairs produces all animals with BOTH red and white hairs. Which of the following inheritance patterns is this?

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Sex-linked

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

21.

In a cross between individuals of a species of tropical fish, all of the male offspring have long tail fins, and none of the females possess the trait. Which of the following inheritance patterns is this?

a)

 Multiple alleles

b)

Incomplete dominance

c)

Sex-linked

d)

Polygenic inheritance

22.

A cross between a white horse and a chestnut (dark brown) horse produces all light brown horses. Which of the following inheritance patterns is this?

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

c)

Sex–linked

d)

Polygenic inheritance

23.

A cross between a tall sunflower and a short sunflower results in sunflowers with a range in heights. Which of the following inheritance patterns is this?

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

c)

Multiple alleles

d)

Polygenic inheritance

24.

Mutations can be caused by all of the following except _________.

a)

viruses

b)

global warming

c)

chemicals

d)

mistakes

25.

In order for a mutation to be passed on from parent to offspring, the mutation must occur in

a)

somatic cells

b)

gametes

c)

brain cells

d)

any cell of the body

26.

On a pedigree, how would a female individual with a disease be notated?

a)

As a shaded circle

b)

As an unshaded circle

c)

As a shaded square

d)

As an unshaded square

27.

If a mutation only changes the nucleotide sequence for a single protein, then it is known as a

a)

gene mutation

b)

chromosomal mutation

c)

translocation

d)

nondisjunction mutation

28.

What kind of mutation occurred in the sex chromosome of an individual with the genotype XXY?

a)

Nucleotide deletion

b)

Translocation

c)

Nucleotide insertion

d)

Nondisjunction

29.

How would you categorize a genetic disorder that is equally likely in males and females and is caused by the presence of two affected alleles?

a)

Autosomal recessive disorder

b)

Sex-linked disorder

c)

Autosomal dominant disorder

d)

Sex chromosome disorder

30.

Nondisjunction of autosomal chromosomes, such as chromosome number 21, can result in disorders like

a)

Down syndrome

b)

Klinefelter’s syndrome

c)

Turner’s syndrome

d)

Sickle-cell anemia

31.

When getting an X-ray taken at the doctor’s office, you notice the technician cover you with a heavy vest.  This vest, you are told, contains lead, a metal that can block X-rays, which are a form of radiation.  The technician covers your torso, and folds the vest over double across your reproductive organs (testes/ovaries).  This is done because radiation can damage the DNA of theses organs, causing a mutation you may pass to children.  Substances like radiation and other certain chemicals are known as mutagens because 

a)

 they cause cancer

b)

they cause mutations in the sequence of DNA

c)

they generate muteness

d)

they damage proteins, which then changes the sequence of DNA

32.

A DNA segment in a somatic cell undergoes the mutation pictured. What is the name of the type of mutation?

a)

Frameshift

b)

Point

c)

Nondisjunction

d)

Duplication

33.

Is the mutation pictured to the right a gene or chromosome mutation?

a)

Gene

b)

Chromosome

34.

Consider the pedigree in the picture, what type of inheritance is displayed?

a)

Autosomal dominant

b)

Autosomal recessive

c)

Sex-linked

d)

None of the above

35.

What is the genotype of the first individual in generation II?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

36.

What is the genotype of the grandmother (the oldest female) in this family?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

37.

Selective breeding produces _________.

a)

more offspring

b)

less offspring

c)

transgenic offspring

d)

desired traits in offspring

38.

The diagram represents DNA fingerprints which are the result of gel electrophoresis done on several DNA samples found at a crime scene. Which suspect is linked to the crime scene based on this DNA analysis?

a)

Suspect A

b)

Suspect B

c)

 Suspect C

d)

Suspect D

39.

The goal of the Human Genome Project was to

a)

create maps showing where genes are located on human chromosomes

b)

create maps showing where chromosomes are located on human genes

c)

treat patients with genetic diseases

d)

identify people with genetic diseases

40.

A technique that allows engineers to artificially amplify a section of DNA by copying it over and over again in a lab is known as _________.

a)

Polymerase chain reaction

b)

 Personal genome sequencing

c)

Recombinant DNA

d)

Gene therapy