Air conditioning – is the process of treating air so

as to control simultaneously its

1. Temperature

2. Humidity

3. Cleanliness and

4. Distribution

to meet the requirements of the conditioned

space.

Average Normal

Temperature:

Average Max.

Temperature:

Average Min.

Temperature:

Relative

Humidity:

Temperature @ 25 Degrees Centigrade at 60%

Relative Humidity

transports the refrigerant

at the required pressure through the air

conditioning system.

works in the opposite way to the Evaporator.

The refrigerant gives up its heat generated by the Compressor by

passing cold air across its fins and tubes by ram air or by an extra fan.

The end result of this change is that the refrigerant is now a high

pressure liquid and is forced out to the Receiver Drier through the

liquid line

this item can be called a Receiver Drier or an

Accumulator.

is responsible for removing moisture from

the air conditioning system by means of a bag of

desiccant which absorbs small quantities of

moisture.

have an inlet and an outlet which separates the high side of the

system from the low side. A small restriction in the valve allows only a

small amount of refrigerant to pass through it into the Evaporator, the amount of refrigerant passing through the valve depends on the Evaporator

temperature.

absorbs the heat passing over its tubes and fins and as a result the air is cooled. Remember that heat is being removed from the warm

air and cold air is not being created. The compressor, on its suction side, removes the low pressure vapor from the

Evaporator and the cycle starts all over again

is a self-contained aircon unit

cabinet. This is commonly known as

window type air conditioner or

“through the wall” air

conditioner

Advantages of Unitary

Aircon:

Disadvantages of

Unitary Aircon:

the bottom potion of the air-condition unit should be ___ above the floor level

min. clearance of air-condition unit to fence or wall:

min clearance of air-condition unit to roof:

500 BTUh can cool

an area of __

square meter

1 hp can cool an

area of ___

square meters

is an aircon system consisting of two

separate equipment:

Aircon Condensing Unit (ACU or ACCU)

The Fan Coil Unit (FCU)

contains the

compressor and is placed outdoors for heat rejection.

contains the evaporator and is found

indoors as part of the cooling and air handling assembly.

Types of Split – Type Aircon as to Mounting

Range of cooling load (sq.m. / tr):

office building

Range of cooling load (sq.m. / tr):

classrooms

Range of cooling load (sq.m. / tr):

hotels

Range of cooling load (sq.m. / tr):

Apartment

usually has the

following elements:

1.The Air Handling Unit (AHU)

2. Air Distribution System

3.A method of cooling, either a mechanical plant

(condensing unit) or an absorption machine (cooling tower)

4. Control Equipment

consisting of fans and ducts that

bring the conditioned air to the rooms and back

to the air conditioner for re-cooling.

is a hoisting and

lowering mechanism equipped

with a car or plaÇorm which

moves in guides in a vertical

direction, and which serves

two or more flfloors of a building

or structure.

Elevator used for tall buildings. It is DC motor operated

It is plunger(antennaeic/movable rod) operated

first developed by Dover (now Thyssen Krupp)

economical for 2-7 floors uses piston (plunger) to push elevator up

some soil contamination risk due to use

of oil in piston shas

is made up of a motor that has a gearbox attached to it. The main function of the gears is to power the wheel that moves the ropes. This type of elevator can travel up to speeds of up to 500 feet per minute. The maximum distance it can travel is 250 feet.

have the wheel attached directly to the motor. Gear-less traction elevators are capable of speeds up to 2,000 feet per minute and they have a maximum travel distance of around 2,000 feet so they are the only choice for high-rise applications.

are traction elevators that do not have a dedicated machine room above the elevator shaft. The machine sits in the override space and is accessed from the top of the elevator cab when maintenance or repairs are required.

operate based on the natural laws of physics. Constructed with polycarbonate and aluminum materials, this lift system is basically a tube in a sealed vacuum. The air beneath and above the elevator car is what facilitates movement

An external elevator, especially a temporary one up the side of a building that is under construction or repair.

are designed to move goods and materials throughout a building. Compared to passenger elevators, it travel at slower speeds, can carry much heavier loads and are designed to withstand tougher working conditions.

an elevator used primarily to carry persons other than the operator and persons necessary for loading and unloading.

stops car and (if required)

counterweight in case of emergency

by actuating the Safety.

is a device incorporated in the

bottom beam of the car frame and

counterweight. Exerts retarding force

in case of overspeed, by gripping the

guide rails

– are automatic devices

which stop the car within the

overtravel, independently of the

operating device

balances the weight

of the car, and usually equals weight of

car plus 40% of car capacity.

is a device that absorbs the

impact of car or counterweight at the

lower limits of travel.

Typical capacity for passenger elevator

use geared AC or DC motors with worm

gears for mid--rise buildings (up to about

1000 feet) high-speed gearless have drive shafts

attached directly to the motor; use more expensive "induction motors."

use counterweights, typically set at DL +

40%-50% of LL capacity

are small lift installed in kitchens for

transferring cooked hot food, dirty utensils, raw materials,

etc. to various pantries at all floors in multi-storied hotels,

large households, marriage halls, restaurants, etc

is a moving staircase in which

the steps move as a unit upward or downward

at an incline of about 30 degrees. They are

electrically powered, driven by chain and

sprocket, and held in proper place by two

track

The longest single-span uninterrupted

escalator in Europe is in the ___________

; it is 413-feet (126-m) long,

and takes nearly 3 minutes to ride.

patented the moving

stairs in 1892 and, four years later,

created a 6--foot escalator 'ride' on

Coney Island in New York City

In March 23, 1857 his first elevator was installed

at 488 Broadway in New York.

Identify A

Identify B

Identify C

Identify E

Identify D

Identify F

Identify G

Identify H

Identify I

A further step in the development of horizontal

and vertical transportation in the extension of the principal

lanes of circulation or transportation is the

continuous moving passenger conveyor or belt.

The conveyor operates at speeds of either __meters or

___ meters per minute, with the latter meter per minute being the maximum.

The maximum

recommended incline is __

degrees.

Width of escalator with:

Speed in meter/minute:  36 m/min

Speed in feet/ Minute:  120 s/min

Capacity in persons/hour: 10,000

Minimum Landing area: 1.12 m²

Width of escalator with:

Speed in meter/minute: 27 m/min

Speed in feet/ Minute:  90 s/min

Capacity in persons/hour: 5,000 

Minimum Landing area: 0.75 m²

is installed to an external wall of

your house, and enables the air inside to exit straight through the fan itself.

are particularly suited to those who

do not want any noise issues, since in this case any noise emitted from the fan would

be outside of the house.

These are mounted to the ceiling of a room, and they remove the air inside

through a hole in the ceiling. As such, more often than not a ceiling mounted fan makes

use of a hole in a building’s attic.

are an excellent way of removing the

unavoidable smells which are inherent in any kitchen. They are also perfectly suited to

lessen the moisture level of your kitchen.

are usually smaller and more affordable than any other kind of exhaust

fan on the market. ensure

that the moisture resulting from washing will be easily eliminated

These fans are mounted in between the ducting, so

that the bad air is expelled through the ducts.