Free Printable CSEC Physics - 05 Radioactivity

1.

What is radioactivity?

a)

the integration of atomic matter

b)

the spontaneous integration of matter

c)

the spontaneous disintegration ('decay') of unstable atomic nuclei

d)

the spontaneous disintegration ('decay') of unstable gasses

2.

How is the alpha particle symbolized?

a)

⁴₂⍺

b)

²₄He

c)

⁰_-1 $\beta$

d)

$\gamma$

3.

a nucleus with a High-frequency electromagnetic wave is called a(n) ____.

a)

alpha particle

b)

electroscope

c)

beta particle

d)

gamma ray

4.

A helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons is called a(n) ____.

a)

alpha particle

b)

electroscope

c)

beta particle

d)

gamma ray

5.

How is the gamma wave symbolized?

a)

⁴₂⍺

b)

²₄He

c)

⁰_-1 $\beta$

d)

$\gamma$

6.

The relative mass of a gamma ray is

a)

$\gamma=\frac{1}{1840}$

b)

$\gamma=0$

c)

$\gamma=1$

d)

$\gamma=4$

7.

The relative mass of an alpha particle is

a)

$\alpha=\frac{1}{1840}$

b)

$\alpha=0$

c)

$\alpha=1$

d)

$\alpha=4$

8.

The relative mass of a beta particle is

a)

$\beta=\frac{1}{1840}$

b)

$\beta=0$

c)

$\beta=1$

d)

$\beta=4$

9.

What is the relative charge of an alpha particle

a)

0

b)

-1

c)

+1

d)

+2

10.

What is the relative charge of a beta particle

a)

0

b)

-1

c)

+1

d)

+2

11.

What is the relative charge of a gamma wave

a)

0

b)

-1

c)

+1

d)

+2

12.

How fast is an alpha particle?

a)

$2\times10^7ms^{-1}$

b)

$3\times10^8ms^{-1}$

c)

$2\times10^8ms^{-1}$

d)

almost the speed of light

13.

How fast is a beta particle?

a)

$2\times10^7ms^{-1}$

b)

$3\times10^8ms^{-1}$

c)

$2\times10^8ms^{-1}$

d)

almost the speed of light

14.

How fast is a gamma particle?

a)

$2\times10^7ms^{-1}$

b)

$3\times10^8ms^{-1}$

c)

$2\times10^8ms^{-1}$

d)

almost the speed of light

15.

What is the Ionisation of an alpha particle in air?

a)

strongly ionising on

collision with neutral air

molecules

b)

very strongly ionising with neutral air

molecules

c)

weakly ionising on

collision with neutral air

molecules

d)

very weakly ionising

when the wave energy

is absorbed by air

molecules

16.

What is the Ionisation of a beta particle in air?

a)

strongly ionising on

collision with neutral air

molecules

b)

very strongly ionising with neutral air

molecules

c)

weakly ionising on

collision with neutral air

molecules

d)

very weakly ionising

when the wave energy

is absorbed by air

molecules

17.

What is the Ionisation of a gamma wave in air?

a)

strongly ionising on

collision with neutral air

molecules

b)

very strongly ionising with neutral air

molecules

c)

weakly ionising on

collision with neutral air

molecules

d)

very weakly ionising

when the wave energy

is absorbed by air

molecules

18.

Alpha particles can be absorbed by...

a)

several m of concrete

(4 cm of lead absorbs

90%)

b)

a few m of air or about

3-5 mm of aluminium

c)

a few m of lead 3-5 m

d)

a thin sheet of paper or

about 5 cm of air

19.

Beta particles can be absorbed by...

a)

several m of concrete

(4 cm of lead absorbs

90%)

b)

a few m of air or about

3-5 mm of aluminium

c)

a few m of lead 3-5 m

d)

a thin sheet of paper or

about 5 cm of air

20.

Gamma waves can be detected by

a)

GM tube and accessories

b)

The smell in the air

c)

The green light in the air

21.

Gamma waves can be absorbed by...

a)

several m of concrete

(4 cm of lead absorbs

90%)

b)

a few m of air or about

3-5 mm of aluminium

c)

a few m of lead 3-5 m

d)

a thin sheet of paper or

about 5 cm of air

22.

Beta particles can be detected by

a)

GM tube and accessories

b)

The smell in the air

c)

The green light in the air

23.

Gamma rays have

a)

no mass

b)

a huge mass

c)

a small mass

d)

an average mass

24.

Radiation entering the GM tube produces a current which may be passed to what?

a)

a vector

a fan

or a scalar

b)

a photon meter

a loudspeaker

or a fan

c)

a rate meter

a loudspeaker

or a scalar

d)

a rate meter

a vector

or a scalar

25.

Equations of radioactive decay for an alpha particle is

a)

$1_0\ n$

b)

$0_{-1}\ \beta\ or\ 0_{-1}\ e$

c)

$1_1\ p$

d)

$\gamma$

e)

$4_2\ \alpha\ or\ 4_2\ He$

26.

Equations of radioactive decay for a beta particle is

a)

$1_0\ n$

b)

$0_{-1}\ \beta\ or\ 0_{-1}\ e$

c)

$1_1\ p$

d)

$\gamma$

e)

$4_2\ \alpha\ or\ 4_2\ He$

27.

Equations of radioactive decay for a gamma wave is

a)

$1_0\ n$

b)

$0_{-1}\ \beta\ or\ 0_{-1}\ e$

c)

$1_1\ p$

d)

$\gamma$

e)

$4_2\ \alpha\ or\ 4_2\ He$

28.

Equations of radioactive decay for a proton is

a)

$1_0\ n$

b)

$0_{-1}\ \beta\ or\ 0_{-1}\ e$

c)

$1_1\ p$

d)

$\gamma$

e)

$4_2\ \alpha\ or\ 4_2\ He$

29.

Equations of radioactive decay for a neutron is

a)

$1_0\ n$

b)

$0_{-1}\ \beta\ or\ 0_{-1}\ e$

c)

$1_1\ p$

d)

$\gamma$

e)

$4_2\ \alpha\ or\ 4_2\ He$

30.

When an isotope emits an ⍶-particle it becomes

an element two places back in the Periodic Table.

a)

$\frac{14}{6}C\ \rightarrow\ \frac{0}{-1}e\ +\frac{14}{7}N$

b)

$\frac{234}{91}Pa\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{91}Pa\ +\gamma$

c)

$\frac{226}{88}Ra\ \rightarrow\ \frac{4}{2}He\ +\frac{222}{86}Rn$

d)

$\frac{238}{92}U\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{90}Th\ +\frac{4}{2}\alpha\ +\gamma$ $\frac{90}{38}Sr\ \rightarrow\ \frac{90}{39}Y\ +\frac{0}{-1}\beta\ +\gamma$

31.

When an isotope emits a $\beta$ -particle it becomes an element one place forward in the Periodic Table. The mass number is unchanged.

a)

$\frac{14}{6}C\ \rightarrow\ \frac{0}{-1}e\ +\frac{14}{7}N$

b)

$\frac{234}{91}Pa\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{91}Pa\ +\gamma$

c)

$\frac{226}{88}Ra\ \rightarrow\ \frac{4}{2}He\ +\frac{222}{86}Rn$

d)

$\frac{238}{92}U\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{90}Th\ +\frac{4}{2}\alpha\ +\gamma$ $\frac{90}{38}Sr\ \rightarrow\ \frac{90}{39}Y\ +\frac{0}{-1}\beta\ +\gamma$

32.

When an isotope emits a $\gamma$ -photon its atomic number

and mass number remain unchanged.

a)

$\frac{14}{6}C\ \rightarrow\ \frac{0}{-1}e\ +\frac{14}{7}N$

b)

$\frac{234}{91}Pa\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{91}Pa\ +\gamma$

c)

$\frac{226}{88}Ra\ \rightarrow\ \frac{4}{2}He\ +\frac{222}{86}Rn$

d)

$\frac{238}{92}U\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{90}Th\ +\frac{4}{2}\alpha\ +\gamma$ $\frac{90}{38}Sr\ \rightarrow\ \frac{90}{39}Y\ +\frac{0}{-1}\beta\ +\gamma$

33.

Some nuclei may remain in an excited state (more energetic state)

after emitting an $\alpha$ or $\beta$ -particle. A $\gamma$ -photon is then emitted,

returning the nucleus to its more stable, ground state.

a)

$\frac{14}{6}C\ \rightarrow\ \frac{0}{-1}e\ +\frac{14}{7}N$

b)

$\frac{234}{91}Pa\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{91}Pa\ +\gamma$

c)

$\frac{226}{88}Ra\ \rightarrow\ \frac{4}{2}He\ +\frac{222}{86}Rn$

d)

$\frac{238}{92}U\ \rightarrow\ \frac{234}{90}Th\ +\frac{4}{2}\alpha\ +\gamma$ $\frac{90}{38}Sr\ \rightarrow\ \frac{90}{39}Y\ +\frac{0}{-1}\beta\ +\gamma$

34.

The half-life of a radioisotope is ...

a)

the age of the mass half way to its expiration

b)

when it is half way heated

c)

when it is half way cooled

d)

the time taken for the mass of a given sample of it to decay to half of its value.

35.

The half life of a radioactive material is not affected by by conditions external to the nucleus. This includes:

a)

q) boiling

b) freezing

c) melting

d) coolin

b)

q) weight

b) mass

c) whether or not the isotope is new

d) or used

c)

q) temperature

b) pressure

c) whether or not the isotope is in its pure state d) or chemically combined

with some other element in a compound.

d)

q) colour

b) thickness

c) whether or not the isotope is transparent

d) or solid

36.

CHOOSE ALL CORRECT OPTIONS -

Arrow method for calculations involving half-life

a)

Particularly useful if a graph is to be plotted.

b)

The 'Time' column always starts at 0 and increases by one half-life for each new row.

c)

Each arrow represents a half-life transition and points to half the value it originates at.

d)

The 'Activity' or 'Mass remaining' column decreases to half its value for every new row.

e)

The total time of decay is the sum of the half-lives.

37.

CHOOSE ALL CORRECT OPTIONS -

Table method for calculations involving half-life

a)

Particularly useful if a graph is to be plotted.

b)

The 'Time' column always starts at 0 and increases by one half-life for each new row.

c)

Each arrow represents a half-life transition and points to half the value it originates at.

d)

The 'Activity' or 'Mass remaining' column decreases to half its value for every new row.

e)

The total time of decay is the sum of the half-lives.

38.

In the nuclear equation below, calculate the mass number of the alpha particle. ²³⁸_⁹²U-->²³⁴_⁹⁰Th + ⁴_²He + 2⁰_⁰

a)

238

b)

234

c)

0

d)

4

39.

Solve this equation for beta decay.

₆¹⁴C = ___ + _-1⁰e

a)

₄¹⁰Be

b)

₇¹⁴N

c)

₂¹⁰He

d)

₆¹³C

40.

An isotope that undergoes B- decay has

a)

too few protons

b)

too many protons

c)

too few neutrons

d)

Too many neutrons

41.

Which Has the 1) highest penetrating power. Can penetrate our body. Even several cm thick of lead or several meters thick of concrete cannot stop all of it.

2) Lowest Can only penetrate 0.05 mm into the body and can be stopped by a piece of paper or clothing.

a)

1) Alpha

2) Beta

b)

1) Beta

2) Gamma

c)

1) Gamma

2) Alpha

d)

1) Beta

2) Alpha

42.

The process of nuclear change in an atom of radioactive material is called...

a)

nuclear decay

b)

nuclear mass

c)

isotopes

d)

radon

43.

Radioactive materials have unstable...

a)

electrons

b)

protons

c)

nuclei

d)

neutrons

44.

In the equation,¹⁴₆C --> ¹⁴₇N + ⁰_-1B, the _______ decay of radioactive carbon-14 results in the creation of a new nitrogen-14 atom.

a)

Gamma

b)

Beta

c)

Alpha

45.

How is the alpha particle written in a nuclear equation?

a)

^4₂He

b)

^2₄He

46.

A helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons is called a(n) ____.

a)

alpha particle

b)

electroscope

c)

beta particle

d)

gamma ray

47.

Which type of nuclear radiation is being emitted here?

a)

Alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

none

48.

Gamma rays have

a)

no mass

b)

a huge mass

c)

a small mass

d)

an average mass

49.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

50.

Alpha decay causes the mass number of the nucleus to decrease by ________ and the atomic number of the nucleus to decrease by _______.

a)

four, two

b)

two, four

c)

one, two

d)

two, three

51.

Beta radiation is ____________________

a)

an electron from an electron shell.

b)

an electron from the nucleus.

c)

two protons and two neutrons.

d)

a high frequency electromagnetic wave.

52.

When an unstable radioactive atom decays, it usually turns into:

a)

a more stable atom

b)

a less stable atom

c)

the exact same atom but with less pure energy

d)

empty space

53.

What is the meaning of isotope?

a)

Elements with same mass number but different proton number

b)

Elements with same nucleon number but different proton number

c)

Elements with different nucleon number and different proton number

d)

Elements with different mass number but same proton number

CSEC Physics - 05 Radioactivity

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 2hrs 46mins

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