WorksheetsUpper & Lower GI Assignment
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
A high and transverse stomach would be found in a(n) ____ patient.
sthenic
asthenic
hyposthenic
hypersthenic
A patient comes to radiology with a history of a gastric ulcer. Which of the following procedures would be most diagnostic to demonstrate this lesion?
Oral, water-soluble upper GI series
Carbon dioxide upper GI series
Double-contrast upper GI series
Single-contrast barium sulfate upper GI series
A stomach with the duodenal bulb at the level of L1-2 would be found in a(n) ____ patient.
sthenic
hyposthenic
asthenic
hypersthenic
A telescoping, or invagination, of one part of the intestine into another is termed:
intussusception
colitis
diverticulosis.
volvulus.
A twisting of the intestine on its own mesentery is termed:
enteritis
volvulus
diverticulosis
intussusception
An infant is brought to the ED with a possible intussusception. Which of the following procedures may actually correct this condition?
. Small bowel series
Barium or air enema
Small bowel enema
Defecography
At what level should the CR and image receptor be centered for the RAO or PA upper GI projection and/or position on asthenic body type of patient?
L1
Lower costal margin
L3-4
Iliac crest
At what stage of respiration should the enema tip be inserted into the rectum?
During shallow breaths
During deep breaths
Suspended expiration
Suspended inspiration
CR centering for an esophagogram should be to the vertebral level of:
T3 or T4
the sternal angle
T5 or T6.
T7
Central ray and image receptor centering for a 1-hour small bowel radiograph should be:
1 inch (2.5 cm) below the level of the iliac crest
2 inches (5 cm) above level of the iliac crest.
at the level of the ASIS.
at the level of the iliac crest.
During the initial enema tip insertion, the tip is aimed:
a. directly superior.
b. toward the coccyx.
c. toward the umbilicus.
d. directly posterior.
For an average adult, the amount of barium ingested is one 16-oz cup for a small bowel only series.
true
false
How much barium is typically given to a 3- to 10-year-old child during an upper GI series?
14 to 16 ounces
6 to 12 ounces
1 cup
4 to 6 ounces
How much obliquity is required for the RAO position for the esophagus?
45 to 60 degrees
35 to 40 degrees
10 to 15 degrees
20 to 30 degrees
In what position is the patient placed for the enema tip insertion?
Lithotomy
Modified lithotomy
Prone
Sims’
Lipids (fats) are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol as they are digested and absorbed by the:
none of the options (are not digested).
stomach only.
stomach and small bowel.
small bowel only.
Once food enters the stomach and is mixed with gastric secretions, it is termed:
lipids.
chyme
bile
biologic catalysts.
Patient preparation for an adult upper GI series includes:
NPO 8 hours before the procedure.
NPO 24 hours before the procedure.
NPO 24 hours before the procedure.
NPO 4 hours before the procedure.
Protective aprons worn during fluoroscopy must possess at least ____ mm lead equivalency (Pb/Eq.).
0.25
1
0.75
0.5
Research suggests that peptic ulcers may be caused by:
antibiotics
smoking
bacteria
alcohol
Saliva contains certain enzymes to begin the digestion of:
lipids
proteins
starch
minerals
Swallowed air can be used as a negative-contrast medium during an upper GI series.
true
false
The RAO position of the esophagus is preferred over the left anterior oblique (LAO) because it:
is a more comfortable position for the patient
is easier for the patient to hold the cup of barium in his or her left hand.
reduces thyroid exposure to the patient.
increases the visibility of the esophagus between the vertebrae and heart.
The height of the enema bag must be set at 40 inches (100 cm) above the radiographic table at the onset of the study.
false
true
The ideal kVp range for a double-contrast barium enema is:
130 to 140
70 to 80
90 to 100.
100 to 125.
The liver is located primarily in the ____ of the abdomen.
LLQ
RLQ
RUQ
LUQ
The liver performs more than 100 different physiologic functions.
true
false
The liver secretes approximately ____ mL of bile per day.
1200 to 1500
100 to 250
800 to 1000
500 to 700
The main function of bile is to:
begin the digestion of complex sugars.
begin the digestion of proteins.
emulsify fats
break down cholesterol.
The patient must be NPO a minimum of ____ hours before the small bowel series.
4
24
8
6
The “tapered,” or “corkscrew,” radiographic sign is often seen with:
volvulus
diverticulosis
neoplasm
intussusception
Toward which aspect(s) of the stomach will barium gravitate with the patient in a prone position?
Cardiac
Body and pylorus
Fundus
Fundus and body
What is the classification of barium sulfate as a contrast media?
Radiopaque
Negative-contrast media
Radiolucent
Isodense
What is the term for the longitudinal mucosal folds found within the stomach?
Gastric canal
Haustra
Valvulae conniventes
Rugae
What is the term for the three bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches?
Suspensory ligaments
Taenia coli
Valvulae conniventes
Haustra
What type of breathing instructions should be given to the patient during an esophagogram using a thin barium mixture?
Shallow breathing and continued swallowing during exposure
Suspended inspiration after the last swallow
Suspended respiration while continuing to swallow
Exposure immediately after last bolus is swallowed (patient will not be breathing immediately after swallow)
What type of contrast media is ideal for demonstrating a diverticulum within the stomach?
Water soluble
Single-contrast barium sulfate
Radiolucent
Double-contrast barium/negative-contrast agent
When are small bowel series deemed to be complete?
Once the contrast media passes the ileocecal valve
Two hours after the ingestion of barium
Once the contrast media reaches the rectum
Once the contrast media passes the duodenojejunal flexure
Where is bile formed?
Pancreas
Liver
Duodenal mucosa
Gallbladder
Which aspect of the colon has the widest range of motion?
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Transverse colon
Which aspect of the gallbladder is labeled 1?
Apex
Neck
Body
Fundus
Which aspect of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is primarily responsible for the absorption of digestive end products along with water, vitamins, and minerals?
Pancreas
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
Which aspect of the stomach is attached to the duodenum?
Fundus
Pylorus
Body
Cardiac
Which of the following clinical indications would mandate the use of an oral, water-soluble contrast agent?
Patient with a bezoar
Patient with a possible perforated bowel
Patient with a possible peptic ulcer
Patient with esophageal reflux
Which of the following conditions would contraindicate the use of a cathartic before a barium enema?
Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Obstruction
Colitis
Which of the following is not one of the cardinal principles of radiation protection?
Time
shielding
intensity
distance
Which of the following kVp ranges should be used for an upper GI series using barium sulfate (single-contrast study)?
125 to 140 kVp
90 to 100 kVp
80 to 90 kVp
110 to 125 kVp
Which of the following statements is true about barium sulfate?
It rarely produces an allergic reaction.
It should be discarded if not used within an hour after mixing.
The patient may become ill if it is not prepared with sterile water.
It is soluble in water.
Which of the following structures is not considered to be an accessory organ of digestion?
Pancreas
Kidneys
Liver
Salivary glands
Which of the following technical factors will best enhance a digital image taken during an upper GI series?
Low-kVp techniques
Use of compensation (wedge) filter
Long SID
Collimation
Which one of the following cardinal principles of radiation protection is most effective in reducing the dose to the technologist during fluoroscopy?
distance
intensity
time
shielding
Which part of the large intestine is located between the rectum and the descending colon?
Sigmoid colon
Cecum
Right colic flexure
Left colic flexure
Which part of the small intestine is the shortest?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Pylorus
Which part of the small intestine makes up three-fifths of its entirety?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Ilium
Which position taken during a barium enema will best demonstrate the left colic flexure?
LPO
RPO
Left lateral decubitu
AP
Which radiographic sign is frequently seen with adenocarcinoma of the large intestine?
Thickened mucosa
“Napkin ring” or “apple core” sign
Sail” sign
Diverticula
Which structure is labeled 1?
Ascending colon
Sigmoid colon
Right colic flexure
left colic flexure
Which term describes the outer, lateral border of the stomach?
Gastric border
Incisura angularis
Lesser curvature
Greater curvature
Which two forces or processes propel food down the esophagus?
Peristalsis and gravity
Deglutition and mastication
Gravity and deglutition
Peristalsis and rhythmic segmentation
“Chole-” is a prefix for terms pertaining to the:
liver
ducts
gallbladder
bile
