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Psychology Exam 1 Review

Total questions: 49

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

For some reason, the milk in your fridge is always being left out on the counter in the evenings. Though you haven't seen him do it, you predict that if you set up a camera in the kitchen, you'll catch your roommate (who has a proclivity for eating cereal in the evening) leaving out the milk. You've made a(n)...

a)

Experiment

b)

Observation

c)

Hypothesis

d)

Operational Definition

2.

A recent study found a positive correlation between intelligence and swearing. People with higher scores on a verbal fluency intelligence test also cursed more often than people with lower scores. How could you interpret such a finding? [Select all possible interpretations]

a)

Some unmeasured third variable that makes you more likely to swear AND more intelligent

b)

Swearing makes you more intelligent

c)

Higher intelligence makes you swear more

d)

Swearing makes you less intelligent

3.

Dr. Meyers studies primate family groups. In her most recent study, she watched and took detailed notes about the behavior of alloparents (non-parental caregivers) in several communities of chimpanzees in the forests of Tanzania. She spent several weeks with the chimpanzees but did not interfere or interact with them. Dr. Meyers was conducting a(n)...

a)

Case study

b)

Experimental study

c)

Naturalistic Observation

d)

Survey Analysis

4.

Dr. Faro wants to determine whether caffeine helps or hinders students ability to study. He gives cups of coffee to one group of students and decaf to another, then gives them information to study for 30 minutes. After they've had their coffee and studied, he gives them a test to see how well they remember the information. What kind of study is Faro conducting?

a)

An unethical study

b)

An experimental study

c)

An observational study

d)

A survey-based study

5.

What traits should we look for in someone with a scientific attitude? [Select all that apply]

a)

Humility

b)

Curiosity

c)

Skepticism

d)

Genius

6.

For her senior project, Katie wants to determine whether family-income has an effect on whether high school students plan to attend college. She goes to her local high school and, with permission from the principle, selects two classrooms full of students to ask about their college plans. Katie ends up with a group of 64 students, which is her study's -----------

a)

Survey

b)

Sample

c)

Population

d)

Cross-section

7.

A drug company wants to see whether its new treatment for the flu is effective. It sends a representative to a local hospital, who finds flu patients willing to volunteer for the treatment.

a. She gives half of​ the patients the new medication and half of the patients an inert (chemically inactive) sugar pill.

b. Then, she watches to see how quickly the patients recover from their flu symptoms . In two days, the patients who received the new medication showed no flue symptoms, but those who received the sugar pill were still experiencing

symptoms.​

c. She concludes that the drug worked, but later, someone points out to her that the patients in the sugar pill group were also also under the care of medical students rather than physicians.

a)

Move on

b)

Move ON

c)

MOVE on

d)

MOVE ON

8.

Match the terms to the specific conditions of the experiment.

Placebo

a)

Physician vs. Medical Student

b)

Medication

c)

Sugar Pill

d)

Flu Symptoms

9.

Match the terms to the specific conditions of the experiment.

Dependent Variable

a)

Physician vs. Medical Student

b)

Medication

c)

Sugar Pill

d)

Flu Symptoms

10.

Match the terms to the specific conditions of the experiment.

Independent Variable

a)

Physician vs. Medical Student

b)

Medication

c)

Sugar Pill

d)

Flu Symptoms

11.

Match the terms to the specific conditions of the experiment.

Confounding variable

a)

Physician vs. Medical Student

b)

Medication

c)

Sugar Pill

d)

Flu Symptoms

12.

Which of the following are appropriate designs if I have the goal of describing my study?

a)

A Correlation

b)

Naturalistic Observation

c)

An Experiment

d)

a Quasi-Experiment

13.

Miranda carefully explains to her participants what they will have to do in her study, noting potential risks and benefits. Then she asks them to agree to participate. Miranda is...

a)

Debriefing her participants

b)

Obtaining informed consent

c)

Revealing too much about her study

d)

Conducting a case study

14.

What is an endorphin?

a)

a neurotransmitter that controls pain

b)

a substance taken to reduce pain

c)

a neurotransmitter that increases epinephrine availability

d)

any substance that increases the function of a neurotransmitter

15.

An antagonist for a neurotransmitter is most likely to function by..

a)

blocking reuptake

b)

mimicking the effects of the neurotransmitter

c)

flooding the synapse with the neurotransmitter

d)

blocking receptor sites on the receiving neuron

16.

Match the neurotransmitter to their function.

Acetylcholine

a)

Sleep

b)

Inhibition

c)

Pleasure

d)

Muscle Contraction

e)

Excitation

17.

Match the neurotransmitter to their function.

Dopamine

a)

Sleep

b)

Inhibition

c)

Pleasure

d)

Muscle Contraction

e)

Excitation

18.

Match the neurotransmitter to their function.

Serotonin

a)

Sleep

b)

Inhibition

c)

Pleasure

d)

Muscle Contractions

e)

Excitation

19.

Match the neurotransmitter to their function.

Glutamate

a)

Sleep

b)

Inhibition

c)

Pleasure

d)

Muscle Contractions

e)

Excitation

20.

Match the neurotransmitter to their function.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

a)

Sleep

b)

Inhibition

c)

Pleasure

d)

Muscle Contractions

e)

Excitation

21.

What neurotransmitter is most likely to be responsible for visual hallucinations?

a)

Glutamate

b)

GABA

c)

Norepinephrine

d)

Dopamine

22.

What do we call the regions of space between the dendrites and axons?

a)

Synapse

b)

Nuclei

c)

Neural Rifts

d)

The action potential

23.

A neural disease in which dead cells and other matter build up around neurons would most likely be the result of dysfunction in which of the following?

a)

Astrocytes

b)

Oligodendrocytes

c)

Radial Glia

d)

Microglia

24.

The inside of a neuron's axon is usually negatively charged. This is maintained by which of the following?

a)

Negatively charged proteins

b)

Positive potassium ions

c)

Negatively charged sodium ions

d)

The extra cellular fluid

25.

Your new medications makes it difficult for you to fall asleep. It's likely that this substance is affecting your levels of

(a)  

26.

Intense Stimuli trigger stronger action potentials

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Match the following regions of the cerebral cortex to their function:

Occipital

a)

Visual Center

b)

Somatosensory Center

c)

Auditory Center

d)

Higher mental processes

28.

Match the following regions of the cerebral cortex to their function:

Parietal

a)

Visual Center

b)

Somatosensory Center

c)

Auditory Center

d)

Higher Mental processes

29.

Match the following regions of the cerebral cortex to their function:

Temporal

a)

Visual Center

b)

Somatosensory Center

c)

Auditory Center

d)

Higher Mental Processes

30.

Match the following regions of the cerebral cortex to their function:

Frontal

a)

Visual Center

b)

Somatosensory Center

c)

Auditory Center

d)

Higher Mental Processes

31.

"I will make you fearless!" The mad neurosurgeon cackles, preparing you for surgery. Given his stated goal, what part of your brain is he likely to remove (he might be villainous, but assume he has a working understanding of the brain)?

a)

The Amygdala

b)

The Thalamus

c)

The Occipital Lobe

d)

The Pons

32.

Which brain structure is thought to be responsible for "locking down" skeletal muscles during sleep?

a)

The Thalamus

b)

The Hypothalamus

c)

The Medulla

d)

The Pons

33.

Which of the following is most directly involved in the body's fight-or-flight response?

a)

The Occipital Lobe

b)

The Pancreas

c)

The Thyroid Gland

d)

The Adrenal Gland

34.

Basic functions such as respiration, digestion, and circulation are maintained by the

a)

Limbic System

b)

Cerebral Cortex

c)

Mid-Brain

d)

Hind-Brain

35.

Motor neurons carry information __ the spine while sensory neurons carry information __ the spine.

a)

within; outside of

b)

outside of; within

c)

from; to

d)

to; from

36.

After his accident, Joe struggles to maintain his balance and has forgotten how to do some gross motor tasks. Which part of the brain do you suppose his doctor should be most concerned about?

a)

The Amygdala

b)

The Cerebellum

c)

The Prefrontal Cortex

d)

The Medulla

37.

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for the body's response to perceived threat?

a)

The Nervous Division

b)

The Limbic System

c)

The Parasympathetic Division

d)

The Sympathetic Division

38.

Dr. Mitten is concerned that a patient may have had a stroke. Which of the following is she most likely to check for signs of a stroke?

a)

An electroencephalogram (EEG)

b)

A magnetoencephalogram

c)

An FMRI scan

d)

A CT scan

39.

The most influential gland in the endocrine system is the _____, which is controlled by the _____ in the brain.

a)

pituitary; hypothalamus

b)

adrenal; hypothalamus

c)

gonads; thalamus

d)

pineal; cortex

40.

Based on the adaptive theory of sleep, humans....

a)

sleep little because we were prey animals in the food chain

b)

sleep a middling amount, as we were both predator and prey

c)

sleep a lot because we are predators in the food chain

d)

sleep to consolidate our experiences, which tend to be more complex than simpler animals

41.

People often kick and move about during REM sleep.

a)

True

b)

False

42.

Which brain structure "locks down" skeletal muscles during certain stages of sleep?

a)

The cerebellum

b)

The cerebral cortex

c)

The pons

d)

The amygdala

43.

Which of the following is true about the content of dreams? (Select all that may apply).

a)

People who have been traumatized often have nightmares about their fears

b)

Dream content sometimes varies based on a person's gender

c)

We often dream about things that are relevant to our lives

d)

The content of dreams frequently predicts the future

44.

Most adults need about 10 hours of sleep per night.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

In Freud's dream theory, manifest content refereed to....

a)

The surface-level details of dreams

b)

The id's unconscious desires

c)

The hidden meaning of dreams

d)

The superego's conscious desires

46.

As we age we develop from infancy to adulthood, sleep disorders such as night terrors and sleep walking......

a)

become more common

b)

begin to emerge

c)

become less common

d)

worsen over time

47.

If allowed to sleep uninterrupted after experiencing significant sleep deprivation, people commonly experience....

a)

An REM "rebound"

b)

Much longer periods of deep sleep

c)

An inability to dream

d)

Sleep Apnea

48.

Which of the following sleep disorders is MOST common among adults?

a)

Narcolepsy

b)

Sleepwalking

c)

Insomnia

d)

REM sleep disorders

49.

Which of the following is the hallmark symptom of REM behavior disorder?

a)

Waking up frequently during REM sleep

b)

Being unable to enter REM sleep

c)

Having repeated, frightening nightmares

d)

Thrashing and movement during REM sleep