Descriptive study

A clinician investigated his patients with severe cough to find relationship between smoking and bloody phlegm. He asked his patients about their smoking behaviour. Then, he assembled the data in a table. This can be which type of epidemiological design?

Which of the following designs is/are suitable for studying a genetic polymorphism in relation to risk of diabetes mellitus? (> 1 correct answer)

Researcher measures and records what is happening without manipulating variables

NOT examine relationship between exposure and effect

Prevalence study

NOT investigate causal relationship (> 1 correct answer)

Retrospective study

To test a new vaccine

To evaluate health education program (>1 correct answer)

NOT longitudinal study

Cohort study (>1 correct answer)

To investigate cause factor of a rare disease

The

Cancer and Steroid Hormone (CASH) study, in which women with breast cancer and a

comparable group of women without breast cancer were asked about their prior use of oral

contraceptives is an example of which type(s) of study? (>1 correct answer)

When studying diet and risk of chronic diseases, a cohort study generally has the following

advantage compared to a case

control study: (> 1 correct answer)

A pharmaceutical company showed the following in an article: "1500 subjects with a cold were

treated with our new medicine. Within three days, 95% were asymptomatic and

this result was

statistically significant." The company claims the new medicine was effective.

Is this conclusion justified?

500 women aged 40 –54 who present for routine check-ups are asked about their meat consumption. 20% of the women turn out to be vegetarian. During the 5 year follow-up period, 5 vegetarians and 43 non-vegetarians develop colorectal cancer. Which of the following best describes the study design?