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Glossary Terms- Hydrosphere & Atmosphere

Total questions: 26

Worksheet time: 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Aquifer

a)

The interconnected system of water in the atmosphere and lithosphere, including the oceans, ice caps, rivers and groundwater.

b)

a water bearing layer of the earth’s crust.

c)

An area from which a river system or lake derives its water.

2.

Catchment

a)

The total amount of water available in an area; its inflows and outflows.

b)

Water that flows over the surface of the land.

c)

An area from which a river system or lake derives its water.

3.

Hydrosphere

a)

The interconnected system of water in the atmosphere and lithosphere, including the oceans, ice caps, rivers and groundwater.

b)

Water that flows over the surface of the land.

c)

The downward movement of water into the soil or rock.

4.

Groundwater

a)

The upper surface of the zone of saturation in permeable rock, sand or soil.

b)

Water that has seeped into the ground and is contained within the soil or rock layer.

c)

The upper surface of the zone of saturation in permeable rock, sand or soil.

5.

Infiltration

a)

An area from which a river system or lake derives its water.

b)

The downward movement of water into the soil or rock.

c)

Water that flows over the surface of the land.

6.

Irrigation

a)

Water that has seeped into the ground and is contained within the soil or rock layer.

b)

The total amount of water available in an area; its inflows and outflows.

c)

The supply of water to arable farming land by artificial means.

7.

Water budget

a)

The supply of water to arable farming land by artificial means.

b)

The upper surface of the zone of saturation in permeable rock, sand or soil.

c)

The total amount of water available in an area; its inflows and outflows.

8.

Evapotranspiration

a)

The processes of evaporation and transpiration.

b)

The solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface.

c)

The process is of evaporation and transpiration.

9.

Run-off

a)

a water bearing layer of the earth’s crust.

b)

An area from which a river system or lake derives its water.

c)

Water that flows over the surface of the land.

10.

Water Table

a)

The downward movement of water into the soil or rock.

b)

The upper surface of the zone of saturation in permeable rock, sand or soil.

c)

Water that flows over the surface of the land.

11.

Convection Currents

a)

Movement within a medium caused by differences in temperature.

b)

Energy sources formed in past geological times from organic materials; Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas.

c)

Transfer from one material to another by direct contact.

12.

Atmosphere

a)

The trapping and build-up of heat in the troposphere, near the Earth's surface; Some of the heat that is radiated towards space from the earth surface is absorbed by water vapour, carbon dioxide, ozone and several other gases and radiated back towards the surface.

b)

Systems of the atmosphere with relatively high or low barometric pressure; Often referred to as highs and lows.

c)

The transparent, odourless mass of air surrounding the earth.

13.

Atmospheric pressure

a)

A small, localised area within a larger climatic region in which the atmospheric characteristics differ significantly from those of the major climate.

b)

Systems of the atmosphere with relatively high or low barometric pressure; Often referred to as highs and lows.

c)

Energy sources formed in past geological times from organic materials; Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas.

14.

Conduction energy

a)

Energy sources formed in past geological times from organic materials; Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas.

b)

Movement within a medium caused by differences in temperature.

c)

Transfer from one material to another by direct contact.

15.

Fossil fuels

a)

A complex mixture of air pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight.

b)

Energy sources formed in past geological times from organic materials; Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas.

c)

The trapping and build-up of heat in the troposphere, near the Earth's surface; Some of the heat that is radiated towards space from the earth surface is absorbed by water vapour, carbon dioxide, ozone and several other gases and radiated back towards the surface.

16.

Greenhouse effect

a)

A complex mixture of air pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight.

b)

A small, localised area within a larger climatic region in which the atmospheric characteristics differ significantly from those of the major climate.

c)

The trapping and build-up of heat in the troposphere, near the Earth's surface; Some of the heat that is radiated towards space from the earth surface is absorbed by water vapour, carbon dioxide, ozone and several other gases and radiated back towards the surface.

17.

Insolation

a)

Transfer from one material to another by direct contact.

b)

The solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface.

c)

Movement within a medium caused by differences in temperature.

18.

Troposphere

a)

The innermost layer of the atmosphere in which most of the earth's weather occurs.

b)

The innermost layer of the atmosphere in which most of the earths weather occurs.

c)

The interconnected system of water in the atmosphere and lithosphere, including the oceans, ice caps, rivers and groundwater.

19.

Lapse rate

a)

The layer of gaseous ozone in the stratosphere that protects life on earth by filtering out harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

b)

The decline in temperature that occurs with increasing altitude throughout the troposphere.

c)

The innermost layer of the atmosphere in which most of the earths weather occurs.

20.

Microclimate

a)

A phenomenon of urban settlements where relatively warm atmospheric temperatures prevail in the most heavily built up areas and decrease outward towards the fringes.

b)

A small, localised area within a larger climatic region in which the atmospheric characteristics differ significantly from those of the major climate.

c)

This occurs when a layer of dance cool air becomes trapped under a layer of less dense warm air; If prolonged, air pollution in the trapped layout may build up to harmful levels.

21.

Ozone Layer

a)

Stored heat emitted as long wave radiation by the earth, including from its land, oceans an atmosphere.

b)

The layer of gaseous ozone in the stratosphere that protects life on earth by filtering out harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

c)

This occurs when a layer of dance cool air becomes trapped under a layer of less dense warm air; If prolonged, air pollution in the trapped layout may build up to harmful levels.

22.

Photochemical smog

a)

A complex mixture of air pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight.

b)

This occurs when a layer of dance cool air becomes trapped under a layer of less dense warm air; If prolonged, air pollution in the trapped layout may build up to harmful levels.

c)

Stored heat emitted as long wave radiation by the earth, including from its land, oceans an atmosphere.

23.

Temperature Inversion

a)

A movement of air from areas of relatively high atmospheric pressure to areas of relatively low atmospheric pressure; Winds are named after the direction from which they are blowing.

b)

A phenomenon of urban settlements where relatively warm atmospheric temperatures prevail in the most heavily built up areas and decrease outward towards the fringes.

c)

This occurs when a layer of dance cool air becomes trapped under a layer of less dense warm air; If prolonged, air pollution in the trapped layout may build up to harmful levels.

24.

Terrestrial radiation

a)

A complex mixture of air pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight.

b)

Stored heat emitted as long wave radiation by the earth, including from its land, oceans an atmosphere.

c)

A phenomenon of urban settlements where relatively warm atmospheric temperatures prevail in the most heavily built up areas and decrease outward towards the fringes.

25.

Urban heat island

a)

A phenomenon of urban settlements where relatively warm atmospheric temperatures prevail in the most heavily built up areas and decrease outward towards the fringes.

b)

A small, localised area within a larger climatic region in which the atmospheric characteristics differ significantly from those of the major climate.

c)

A complex mixture of air pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight.

26.

Wind

a)

Energy sources formed in past geological times from organic materials; Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas.

b)

The decline in temperature that occurs with increasing altitude throughout the troposphere.

c)

A movement of air from areas of relatively high atmospheric pressure to areas of relatively low atmospheric pressure; Winds are named after the direction from which they are blowing.