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WorksheetsUnit 2, Standard A: Cell Size and Origin
Total questions: 8
Worksheet time: 40mins
Two different models of a living cell are represented in the figure. Of the two cells represented in the figure, which would likely be more efficient at exchanging substances with the surrounding environment? Formula for surface area of a rectangular prism is the sum of surface area of each side. Formula for surface area of a cylinder is the surface area of both circles 2*pi*r^2 + 2*pi*r*h. You might be able to solve without performing calculations!
Cell A, because it has the larger surface-area-to-volume ratio.
Cell A, because it has the smaller surface-area-to-volume ratio.
Cell B, because it has the larger surface-area-to-volume ratio.
Cell B, because it has the smaller surface-area-to-volume ratio.
Researchers claimed that a particular organelle originated from a free-living prokaryotic cell that was engulfed by a larger cell, as shown in the picture. Which of the following provides evidence to best support the researchers’ claim?
The organelle has an internal aqueous environment that is similar to the cytosol of the larger cell.
The organelle has a phospholipid membrane.
The organelle has protein in the membrane.
The organelle has a double membrane.
The endosymbiotic theory proposes a model for the evolution of mitochondria. According to the model, an ancestral eukaryote engulfed a small, free-living prokaryotic organism. The engulfed prokaryote then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the eukaryotic host. Which of the following observations best supports the model?
Mitochondria and some prokaryotes share similar metabolic reactions that produce ATP
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes acquire nutrients from the surrounding environment.
Eukaryotes evolved after prokaryotes and have more complex structures.
Organelles such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum have membranes composed of phospholipids.
Which of the following is NOT a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus
Eukaryotes have a nucleus
Prokaryotes don't have a cell membrane
Eukaryotes do have a cell membrane
Prokaryotes are much smaller than eukaryotes
Prokaryotes don't have membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles
Researchers propose a model to explain variation in phytoplankton cell sizes in a marine environment. They base their model on the idea that smaller cells absorb nutrients more efficiently. The researchers predict that the mean diameter of phytoplankton cells will change by 50 micrometers for every 5-kilometer increase in distance from the shore because of a gradual decrease in nutrient availability. To test their model, the researchers determine that the phytoplankton cells found closest to shore have a mean diameter of 900 micrometers.
Based on the model, what will be the mean diameter of the phytoplankton cells that are found 25 kilometers from shore?
925 micrometers
1150 micrometers
875 micrometers
650 micrometers
A spherical bacterial cell has a radius of 3μm. The human egg cell has a radius of 100μm.
Which statement correctly indicates the cell that is able to more efficiently exchange materials with the external environment and provides a correct explanation?
The egg cell, because it has the largest surface-to-volume ratio.
The bacterial cell, because it has the largest surface-to-volume ratio.
The egg cell, because it has the smallest surface-to-volume ratio.
The bacterial cell, because it has the smallest surface-to-volume ratio.
How are mitochondria and chloroplasts like bacterial cells?
The divide by meiosis
They can make their own food
They have the same membrane-bound organelles
They contain their own DNA
Which of the following statements best supports the claim that certain organelles within eukaryotic cells evolved from free-living prokaryotic cells?
Some organelles contain their own DNA that is more similar to prokaryotic DNA in structure and function than to the eukaryotic DNA found in the cell's nucleus.
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes both contain ribosomes, but the ribosomes of eukaryotes are more complex in structure than those of prokaryotes.
The cytoplasm of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes is surrounded by a plasma membrane.
Eukaryotes exchange segments of internal membranes between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, but prokaryotes have no such internal membranes.
