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WorksheetsDevelopment of the nervous system
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3590secs
Neural plates bends up and later fuses to form the hallow neural tube
Neurulation
Neural plate
Neural tube
Notochord
Responsible for formation of neural tube
Neural plate
Neural tube
Neurulation
NS
Responsible for formation of brain, sc
Neural plate
Neural tube
Neurulation
Notochord
Small tissues, responsible for stimulating the ns
Neurulation
Notochord
Neural tube
Neural plate
Germinal cells (during embryo)
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
CNS
BBB
PNS
Ns
nn
Pns
Epidermis of skin
(a)
Cardiovascular system, muscular system, skeletal system
(a)
Digestive system, urinary system
(a)
3 week of fetal life
Development of cns
Development ns
Development of pns
Development of foot
Located between primitive knot & buccopharyngeal membrane
Neural plate
Neural tube
Neurulation
Octhoderm
Fuse together and become neural tube
Neural groove
Neural plate
Neural academy
Neural fold
Fusing start at the middle
Neural tube
Neural plate
Neural groove
It happen if not folded; cerebrum will be gone
Anencephaly
Thyroid gland
Choroid plexus
Neural cells
Opening at the top (closes after 28 days)
Anterior neuropore
Posterior neuropore
Middle neuropore
Midway neuropore
Opening at the bottom (close after 2 days)
Anterior neuropore
Posterior neuropore
Midway neuropore
Middle neuropore
Total development neuropore
(a)
Also known for SC problem
(a)
Communication of the neural tube with the amniotic cavity
(a)
Pituitary stalk ( closure if anterior neuropore gives rise to lamina terminals)
Lamina terminals
Anterior neuropore
Posterior neuropore
Lamina vehicles
migrates ventrolaterally at sides of the tubes and becomes posterior root ganglia
Neural crest
Neuropore
Cells
Cns
Skin pigment; migrates to epidermis
(a)
produces norepinephrine and epinephrine
(a)
space between placenta and baby and has amniotic fluid
CSF
Amniotic cavity
Cavity
Placenta
Week; develop already the brain and sc
4th week
3rd week
5th week
2nd week
3 primary brain vehicles
(a)
Develops at 5th week
(a)
Only vehicle vehicle with no secondary vehicle
(a)
3 LAYERS OF EMBRYONIC NEURAL TUBE
Ventricular zone
Intermediate zone
External zone
Cns
Pns
Sc
Lumen of central canal of the spinal cord
(a)
Gives rise to gray matter
(a)
Gives rise to white matter
(a)
Cavity of the neural tube narrows to form a dorsoventral cleft with thick lateral walls and thin floor and roof plates
(a)
separating basal plate and alar plate
(a)
Mantle layer divisions
(a)
develops into motor anterior column
(a)
develops to become sensory posterior column
(a)
Dorsal cleft division
(a)
failure of post. neuropore to close and other vertebral segments (spaces in vertebra) (there is a gap)
Spina bifida occulta
Spina bifida cystica
- part of spinal cord goes outside of the space
- Abnormal vertebral formation & meninges/neural segments that
move out of spinal column
Spina bifida occulta
Spina bifida cystica
Another term for meninges
(a)
meninges with part of spinal cord
(a)
- Cleft skull
- Baby’s skull does not close properly during development
(a)
- Rare congenital malformation
- May lead to hydrocephalus
(a)
- The brain’s cerebral hemispheres are absent
- Secondary to occlusion of the carotid arteries
(a)
Results from alcohol/cigarette exposure during pregnancy
(a)
- Failure of midline cleavage of the embryonic forebrain
- Most severe manifestation of fetal alcohol syndrome
(a)
- Blockage of CSF pathways
- Most common cause is stenosis of the cerebral aqueduct during
development
- May result from maternal infection (CMV and taxoplasmosis)
(a)
obstruction within the ventricles
Noncommunicating hydrocephalus
Communicating hydrocephalus
Normal-pressure hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo
Inflammation
- blockage within subarachnoid space
Noncommunicating hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo
Communicating hydrocephalus
Normal-pressure hydrocephalus
- CSF is not absorbed by arachnoid villi
- Hemorrhage of the brain
Noncommunicating hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo
Communicating hydrocephalus
Normal-pressure hydrocephalus
- Continuous inflammation
- Huntington’s disease
- Loss of cells in the caudate nucleus
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo
Noncommunicating hydrocephalus
Communicating hydrocephalus
Normal-pressure hydrocephalus
- Increased resistance to CSF outflow at the arachnoid villi
- Occurs in obese young women
- Small passageway of CSF
(a)
- Blood vessel within the skull is ruptured or leaks
- Physical trauma, non-traumatic cause (hemorrhagic stroke-
hypertension), and aneurysm (born with a narrow blood vessel)
(a)
Four types of Intracranial Hemorrhage
(a)
- extradural hemorrhage
- Bleeding occurs and strips the meningeal layer of dura
(a)
- tearing of the superior cerebral veins
- where they enter the sup.
(a)
– non traumatic cause (artery)
- Intracranial hemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke)
(a)
– small arteries, arterioles ruptures
(a)
- something inside the skull produces pressure that moves brain tissues
- Product of increased intracranial hemorrhage
(a)
- Child gets dizzy from excessive shaking
- - Brain will move forward, backward; will cause bleeding
(a)
