Book that claims that humans live in a state of nature. Government is needed to protect people from utter misery and despair.

Philosopher and writer of "The Leviathan" . He believed that life without government is “solitary, poor,

nasty, brutish, and short.”

Philosopher who wrote that people are born free and equal and must give consent to be governed.

Philosopher who stated, “Man was born free, and he is everywhere in chains.” He envisioned citizens voting and participating in government.

Philosopher who believed in limited government, a republic and separation of powers

Citizens elect leaders who act on their behest. The leaders act to benefit the citizens, otherwise they will be removed from office.

Government kept under control by checks and balances and separation of powers

The document that laid moral and legal justification for rebellion

The framer whose nickname became "Father of the Constitution" because of his influence in creating the new plan for the government.

Elected president of the Constitutional Convention

He emphasized the elevation of the United States to world power.

Built on the ideas of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieu

In a state of nature, people are born free and equal

An agreement between the government and the governed

Government is created by and subject to the will of the people

Provide services, protect people, protect property, welfare of people, natural disasters, education, maintain structure and order, regulate trade

Occurs when a person or group of people take control of an area and make everyone follow their rules

The belief that people are free and equal by natual right, and that this in turn requires that all peole giver their consent to be governed.

Belief that God chose the ruler and that the ruler must only answer to God

Taxes, following laws, participation in the common good, voting

A document that spells out the principles by which a government runs and the fundamental laws that govern a society

No one is above the law, no matter how rich, powerful or famous

Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government

Protecting the rights of small or unpopular groups regardless of what the majority believes.

A ruler with unlimited power

A government ruled by a few people

A political system signifed by popular sovreignty

Making laws

Carry out laws

interprets laws

Which one is not required to meet the definition of state

Each branch of government has power over the other branches.

Government officials are limited to only certain powers as stated in the Constitution.

Our government gains its power from consent of the people.

^{The power of a court to determine the constitutionality government actions is an example of:}

The first three words of the constitution are "we the people." Which constitutional principle does this reflect?

government is not ALL powerful to what it wants

national and state government share power

Which of the following is the best definition of Popular Sovereignty

Which government makes treaties and deals with foreign countries

Who establishes public schools?

1. Federalism is the idea that power is...

What level of Government has the power to collect taxes?

"Government of the people, by the people, for the people" demonstrates what principle?

“The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to

remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite.”

“The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of

the United States, shall be removed from Office on

Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or

other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”

“Unless [the three branches] be so far connected and blended as to give to each a constitutional control over the others, the

degree of separation ... essential to a free government, can never in practice be duly maintained.”

“That unnecessary officer the Vice-President, who for want of other employment is made president of the Senate, thereby

dangerously blending the executive and legislative powers...”

The Constitution can be interpreted as granting unlimited

government power.

A government “of the people” poses little danger to citizens’

rights.

Individual rights are a basic part of liberty.

Government power must be limited.

The system of nobility is a threat to liberty.

The Constitution makes it possible for government to take power

away from the people.

The Constitution protects individual rights by not giving the

government any power over those rights.

It doesn’t make sense to list protections for rights the

government has no power to violate.

The Constitution’s limits on power can’t be trusted.

Past abuses of power prove the need for limiting government.

Listing individual rights is a necessary safeguard against the

possibility of government abuse.

The government cannot abuse powers the Constitution hasn’t

given it.

In the American colonies, government officials got court orders

authorizing them to enter any location to search for and take goods that

had been smuggled into the country. These court orders were valid for

the lifetime of the current king, plus six months.

During the 16th and 17th centuries in England, the Star Chamber was

a royal court that heard cases that couldn’t be heard in regular courts.

Before it was finally abolished, the court met in secret, tortured people

to gain information, and sentenced people to huge fines, life in prison,

and even mutilation.

John Wilkes was both a journalist and a member of the British

Parliament. In 1762, he published a severe criticism of a speech the king

had given. Wilkes was arrested for publishing a “treasonous” newspaper

intended to cause rebellion against the king.

What security is there, that a man [accused of a crime]

shall be furnished with a full and plain description of

the charges against him? That he shall be allowed to

produce all proof he can in his favor? That he shall see the

witnesses against him face to face, or that he shall be fully

heard in his own defense by himself or counsel?.

Congress may, if they shall think it for the “general

welfare,” establish an uniformity in religion throughout

the United States. Such establishments have been thought

necessary, and have accordingly taken place in almost

all the other countries in the world, and will no doubt be

thought equally necessary in this.

In the bills of rights of the States it is declared, that a well

regulated militia is the proper and natural defense of a

free government...

The powers not delegated to the United States by

the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

States, are reserved to the States respectively, or

to the people.

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain

rights, shall not be construed to deny or

disparage others retained by the people.

The founding fathers combined the ideas of the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to come up with -

One of the major issues debated at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia was -

Northern and Southern delegates vehemently argued on how slaves should be counted as population for representation purposes, the result of this debate was the -

During the Constitutional Convention, James Wilson and Roger Sherman proposed the Three-Fifths Compromise which dealt with how

Which of the following arguments best explains why the Federalists wanted to ratify the US Constitution?

Which of the following quotes would have been said by an "Anti-Federalist"?

Which of the following best explains why the Anti-Federalists were opposed to ratification of the US Constitution?

Anti-Federalist, such as George Mason, refused to ratify the new Constitution, but after much debate they agreed to approve it with the addition of the -

Which of these statements is TRUE about the Great Compromise?

When people give up some of what they want so that they can all agree, this is called ____________.

What type of people were at the Constitutional Convention ?

How did the delegates stop the public from opposing any topics being discussed?

State that refused to attend the Constitutional Convention

Which of these states would benefit most from basing state representation on total population?

Which state would benefit most from having equal state representation?

Which state would benefit least from counting enslaved people toward state representation?

Which state would benefit most from counting enslaved people toward state representation?

"I am for leaving the clause as it stands. Let every state import what it pleases. The morality or wisdom of slavery are considerations belonging to the States themselves." Oliver Ellsworth 1787

No power to tax citizens was another weakness of the Articles of Confederation, Why do you think it was like that?

The Fear of one person having to much "Power" was what weakness of the "Articles of Confederation"?

The desire to protect individual states from the national government

What event "showed congress how weak the Articles of Confederation was?

Fear of a Strong Central government, no way to protect the Country, What weakness was this ?

Who was the president under the articles?

Which of the following was an example of a strength in the Articles of Confederation?

What was the main weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

What was banned in the Northwest Territory?

What were the two Accomplishments of the Articles of Confederation?

How did the provisions of the Northwest Ordiance affect U.S. expansion?

Under the Articles of Confederation, congress would become the first _______________________.

this law set up a system for mapping and dividing western lands.

The 14th amendment grants ___________ to anyone who is born in the U.S. including former slaves.

A State law that does not allow Black citizens to be out past 9:00pm.

- Why is this law a Violation of the Equal Protection Clause?

Equal Protections means...