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Worksheetspharmacology of respi
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 49mins
H1 blockers or H1 antagonist
(a)
Suppressing adrenal medulla stimulation, autonomic
gandia stimulation, and exocrine gland secretion, such as
lacrimal and salivary secretions.
(a)
Inhibiting most smooth muscle responses to histamine in
particular, blocking the constriction of bronchial, GI, and
vascular smooth muscle.
(a)
The most common adverse reaction of antihistamine
(a)
adverse reaction of antihistamine, cns reaction
dizziness and fatigue
disturbed coordination
muscle weakness
tachycardia
The most common adverse reaction of antihistamine is cns depression with
the exception of what antihistamines?
fexofenadine
loratadine
desloratadine
formoterol
Act as an inflammatory agent in cases of severe
anaphylaxis, allergic reaction where there is
bronchoconstriction
(a)
Used to treat hematologic conditions such as rheumatoid
arthritis , lupus, inflammation of the blood vessels
(a)
Used as adjuvant therapy incases of premature birth
(a)
steroids are given on what hour prior to expected delivery of preterm infant
(a)
is administered to accelerate
infant slung maturation /development stimulates synthesis
and release of surfactant
(a)
when can steroids be given?
(a)
Premature newborns are given what steroids to help maintain normal bp ?
hydrocortisone
dexamethasone
theophylline
bethametasone
Methylxanthine derivatives:
aminophylline
theophylline
terbutaline sulfate
albuterol
Bronchial Smooth Muscle Relaxants
aminophylline
theophylline
terbutaline sulfate
dexamethasone
Used to treat acute exacerbation of asthma Increase
bronchodilation, increasing vital capacity
(a)
side effect of bronchodilators :
tachycardia
easy fatigability
muscle weakness
dizziness
Used for the treatment of symptoms associated with
asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD).
(a)
Short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists include:
Albuterol , Bitolterol
Levalbuterol, Metaproterenol
Pirbuterol, Terbutaline
Formoterol,
Salmeterol
Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists include:
Albuterol
Formoterol
Salmeterol
Pirbuterol
Adverse reaction to short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists
include?
paradoxical bronchospasm
tachycardia
(palpitations)
tremors, dry mouth
bronchospasm
Adverse reaction to long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists
include
bronchospasm
tachycardia, palpitation
hypertension, and tremors
dry mouth
Loosens bronchial secretions hence eliminated by
coughing
(a)
Facilitates removal of viscous mucus
(a)
reduces thickness and
adhesiveness, and surface tension of mucus for
easier clearing up of airways. Provides a
soothing effect to mucus membranes of the
respiratory tract resulting in a more productive
cough.
(a)
guaifenesin is taken with?
(a)
examples of experctorants/mucolytics?
guaifenesin
carbocisteine
dypenhydramine
salmeterol
ADVERSE REACTION TO GUAIFENESIN
Vomiting, Diarrhea, Drowsiness
Nausea, Abdominal pain, Headache
hives
easy fatigability
● Interferes with the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall
● May also inhibit bacterial enzymes and cellular
metabolism
(a)
● May also inhibit protein synthesis
(a)
suppress or inhibit coughing. Typically
used to treat dry, nonproductive coughs.
(a)
anesthetizes stretch receptors
throughout the bronchi and alveoli which stops
the coughing.
(a)
in administering benzonatate orally, why swallow instead chew?
cause its bitter
causes local anetsthetic effect in mouth
causes mouth sores
cause it is more easy to swallow than to chew
suppresses cough reflex by direct action on the
cough center in the medulla of the brain thus
lowering the cough threshold
codeine
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide
benzonatate
Hydrocodone bitrate
antitussives drugs
Hydrocodone bitrate
Codeine, Dextromethorphan hydrobromide
Benzonatate
cephalosporin
- Used for treatment of allergies
- Can be used for prevention of asthma especially for
pediatrics
(a)
Drug of choice for individuals with exercise- induced
asthma
(a)
these agents seem to inhibit the release
of inflammatory mediators by stabilizing the mast cell
membrane, possibly through the inhibition of chloride
channels.
(a)
ADVERSE REACTION TO INHALED MAST CELL STABILIZER
● Pharyngeal and tracheal irritation
● Cough
● Wheezing
● Bronchospasm
● Headache
● Hives or skin rash
mast cell stabilizer medications
Nedocromil
cromolyn sodium
benzonatate
codeine
are used for the prevention and
long-term control of mild asthma.
(a)
are substances which are released from the
mast cells.
(a)
can result in smooth muscle contraction of the airways and
increase and activates secretion of other inflammatory
mediators
eosinophils
basophils
immune response
neutrophils
Inhibit leukotriene from
interacting with its receptor so
there is a blocking action
(a)
Include Zafirlukast and
Montelukast
(a)
Inhibits production of
lipoxygenase, an enzyme that
produces leukotrienes which
contributes to swelling,
bronchoconstriction and
mucus secretion.
(a)
Include Zileuton
(a)
Adverse reaction to leukotriene modifier include:
○ Headache
○ Dizziness
○ Nausea and vomiting
○ Myalgia
○ Cough
● Hives or skin rash
Zileuton is contraindicated in patients with?
(a)
are medicines that relieve congestion by
reducing swelling, inflammation and mucus formation
within the nasal passages or the eye.
(a)
Used to help reduce the symptoms of a blocked or stuffy
nose
(a)
stimulates SNS to reduce swelling of
respiratory tract
(a)
provides immediate relief from nasal
congestion
(a)
Most adverse reactions of decongestants result from CNS
stimulation and include:
Restlessness and insomnia
Nausea, Palpitations and tachycardia
Difficulty urination, Elevated blood pressure
myalgia
