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WorksheetsDevelopmental Psychology Theories
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 12mins
White coat syndrome occurs when a patient sees a doctor and exhibits a rise in blood pressure. According to behaviorism, this best demonstrates:
unconscious fears
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
learning due to modelling
In Pavlov's experiment with dogs, the tone was the:
neutral stimulus
meaningful stimulus
learned response
unlearned response
In Pavlov's experiment with dogs, their salivation in response to the tone was the:
neutral stimulus
meaningful stimulus
conditioned response
unlearned response
Which of the following is a real-world example of classical conditioning?
an infant having an extreme fear of snakes
an infant learning to smile at her parents because she associates them with play
a child adjusting an idea to accommodate a new experience
a child being lactose intolerant
__ occur when an individual acts and then something follows that action, influencing whether or not it will occur again.
classical conditioning
modeling
accommodation
operant conditioning
Pleasant consequences are sometimes called _, and unpleasant ones are called _.
rewards; punishment
rewards, assimilations
accommodations, punishment
punishment, reinforcers
In a process called _,
consequences increase the trequency or strength of a certain behavior or action
punishment
reinforcement
modeling
accommodation
The true estimate of whether something is considered a reward is:
whether a behavior decreases after a consequence is presented
whether an individual's skill shows improvement
whether a behavior increases after a consequence is presented.
whether a behavior that follows the consequence is constant.
In social learning theory, modeling is a process by which people:
accommodate and assimilate social exoeriences
observe the actions of others and then copy them
change themselves to adapt to the social context
gain knowledge about themselves and their place in the world
According to the _
theory of development, humans sometimes learn without personally being reinforced or punished:
psychoanalytic
social learning
behaviorist
cognitive
A father wants his son to start helping his mother do the laundry. According to social learning theory, the father should:
promise to buy his son a present if he helps
tell his son that he can't ride his bike unless he helps
help out with the laundry himself
explain to his son that his mother needs his help
Some children who see their parents abuse each other also become abusive in their own relationships. Social learning theory would suggest that this is a result of:
modeling
selective adaptation
cognitive equilibrium
accommodation
Which theory is most likely to propose that to be toilet-trained, children should be given lots of liquids, then encouraged to sit
on the potty, and be rewarded and praised when they are successful?
psychoanalytic
behaviorism
evolutionary
cognitive
Based on what you know about modeling, in which of the following scenarios is a type of behavior most likely to occur?
If a child is in a situation that he or she has experienced before
If the model is an adult with whom the child is unfamiliar
If a child observes a behavior that he or she has already mastered with certainty
If the model is an adult who the child looks up to and has a strong attachment to
Jean Piaget was primarily interested in:
what type of behavior was modeled for children
unconscious urges or children
how children think
how social interactions influence development
According to cognitive theory, our thoughts shape our:
attitudes and actions.
social influence.
unconscious motives and drives.
senses and motor skills.
Which of the following theories contends that our beliefs, feelings, and behaviors are all influenced by how and what we think?
evolutionary theory
psychoanalytic theory
sociocultural theory
cognitive theory
In which of Piaget's stages would one expect to see the development of an interest in abstract concepts associated with ethics, politics, and social moral issues?
concrete operational
symbolic
formal operational
logical
When a new experience conflicts with a person's current understanding of a concept, the person tends to experience:
cognitive disequilibrium.
adaptation.
accommodation.
assimilation.
Piaget's third period of cognitive development is:
sensorimotor.
formal operational.
concrete operational.
preoperational.
When an infant learns that an object still exists when it is out of sight, he has developed:
assimilation
object permanence
cognitive disequilibrium
accommodation
When new information is inconsistent with what we already know, we may change or adjust our existing concepts to incorporate the new experience. This would be an example of:
assimilation.
selective adaptation.
accommodation.
modeling
Reinterpreting new experiences so that they fit into old ideas is:
assimilation
accommodation
cognitive equilibrium
selective adaptation
A version of cognitive theory that is more recent than Piaget's is called:
cognitive equilibrium
information processing
evolutionary theory
sociocultural theory
Information-processing theory seeks to explore:
how technology affects processing information.
cognitive equilibrium.
the processes of human thinking.
how computers function.
Which theory contends that cognition begins when our senses are activated, followed by neural processing and interpretation and ending with some sort of behavioral output?
information-processing theory
evolutionary theory
behaviorism
psychoanalytic theory
According to your text, cognitive theories have helped contribute to our understanding of human development by:
showing the effect that immediate consequences and examples have on learning
demonstrating the role that culture and social interactions play.
bringing to light the impact of early-childhood experiences.
providing an understanding of how thoughts and beliefs affect our actions
According to Vygotsky, which of the following would be MOST influential on a child's moral development?
reinforcement
social interactions
unconscious motivations
genetic ancestry
Which theory would most likely explore the question "Does culture guide behavior?"
evolutionary
behavioral
humanistic
sociocultural
According to sociocultural theory, learning occurs after the mentor draws the learner into:
modeling his or her behavior.
cognitive disequilibrium
the zone of proximal development.
selectively adapting to the situation.
The zone of proximal development:
refers to a concept in one of Eriksons stages of development.
is central to cognitive theory.
describes what the learner could understand but only with guidance.
describes what the learner is not ready or able to learn
According to evolutionary theory, the two long-standing, biologically based drives for every species are:
survival and reproduction.
love and reproduction.
eating and socializing.
reinforcement and punishment.
According to evolutionary theory, the process by which living creatures adjust to their environment is:
assimilation.
cognitive equilibrium.
accommodation.
selective adaptation.
According to your text, which of the following is a real-world example of selective adaptation?
development of lactose tolerance in cattle-raising regions
children learning moral guidelines from their parents
a granddaughter learning cultural guidelines from her grandmother
the influence of unconscious motives on people's behavior
Within the context of the zone of proximal development, two of the biggest inherent pitfalls for the mentor and mentee are _
and failure:
communication breakdown
lack of diversity
complacency
boredom
