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cytology

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In a histological specimen is observed a human somatic cell in the metaphase of mitotic cell division. How many chromosomes form the metaphase plate, taking into account that every chromosome contains two sisterly chromatids?

a)

48

b)

92

c)

23

d)

46

e)

24

2.

Cytochemical investigation has shown high concentration of hydrolytic enzymes in the cytoplasm of cells. The activity of which organelles does this fact indicate?

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum.

b)

Mitochondria.

c)

Polysomes.

d)

Lysosome.

e)

Centrosome

3.

In the course of a scientific experiment a researcher destroyed a structure of one of cell parts, which broke cell division capacity. Which structure has been affected?

a)

Microfibrilles.

b)

Centrosome.

c)

Glycocalix.

d)

Golgi apparatus.

e)

Mitochondria.

4.

Prolonged influence of toxic substances on the organism led to considerable protein synthesis decrease in hepatocytes. Which organelles have suffered of intoxication most of all?

a)

Mitochondria.

b)

Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

c)

Microtubules.

d)

Lysosomes.

e)

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

5.

A ribosomal structure has been affected in a cell. What processes will suffer first of all?

a)

Synthesis of nucleic acids.

b)

Synthesis of carbohydrates.

c)

Synthesis of protein.

d)

Synthesis of lipides.

e)

Synthesis of mineral substances.

6.

Electron microscopy reveals the cell in which nucleolus and nuclear envelope are absent. Chromosomes are freely disposed in cytoplasm, centrioles migrate to poles of the cell. What phase of cell cycle is it?

a)

Anaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Telophase

e)

Interphase

7.

For laboratory investigations a smear of the oral cavity epithelium is taken by spatula. What is the probable method of the cell division in this tissue?

a)

Only by mitosis

b)

Only by amitosis

c)

Mitosis and amitosis

d)

Mitosis and endomitosis

e)

Meiosis and amitosis

8.

If you could mark and count all PMNs (neutrophils) released from the hematopoietic marrow of a normal, healthy individual in one day and then immediately inventory the marked cells free in the blood and in connective tissue, you'd find a deficit: more cells are released than show up in your inventory. The chief explanation for this is:

a)

Margination.

b)

Apoptosis.

c)

Endomitosis.

d)

Hemostasis.

e)

Differentiation.

9.

A large number of cisterns flattened in the center and extended on the periphery and small vesicles with secretory granules were found in the biopsy hepatocytes during the electron microscopic study of the biliary pole. Name of this organelle is:

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Pinocytotic vesicles

d)

Microtubules

e)

Golgi apparatus

10.

The patient was hospitalized in the hospital with poisoning. It was established that the detoxification processes were disordered in the liver. Which organelles of hepatocytes were injured?

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Agranular endoplasmic reticulum

e)

Granular endoplasmic reticulum

11.

In mitotically dividing cell sister chromatids are at opposite poles of the cell. What stage of mitosis is it?

a)

Interphase

b)

Telophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Metaphase

e)

Prophase

12.

The cell was treated by a substance, which blocks the nucleotide phosphorylation process in the mitochondria. What process will be broken?

a)

ATP resynthesize

b)

Synthesis of mitochondrial proteins

c)

Oxidative phosphorylation

d)

Integration of functional protein molecules

e)

Fragmentation of large mitochondria smaller

13.

The study of mitotic cycle phases of the onion root revealed the cell, in which the chromosomes are situated in the equatorial plane, forming a star. What stage of the cell mitosis is it?

a)

Prophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Telophase

e)

Interphase

14.

At the electronic microphotography the nucleus is surrounded by the thin lamina of biological membrane. How does it call?

a)

Plasmolemma

b)

Nuclear envelope

c)

Cytolemma

d)

Nuclear pore

e)

Pore complex

15.

There are three periods of the cell cycle interphase. What process takes the place during the S-period?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Meiosis

d)

Replication of the DNA

e)

Аmitosis

16.

Which of the organelles has a phospholipid bilayer?

a)

cell membrane

b)

cell wall

c)

chromatin (DNA)

d)

mitochondria

e)

chloroplast

17.

Stomach cells produce a large amount of enzymes to digest food. What organelle do stomach cells have to perform their job?

a)

ER

b)

nucleus

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

ribosome

18.

Pancreatic cells produce the hormone insulin. After the protein-based hormone is made, it is transported throughout the cell and eventually expelled into the environment through vesicles. What organelles do pancreatic cells have to perform their job?

a)

vesicles

b)

golgi

c)

rough ER

d)

smooth ER

19.

Discovered the nucleus of a cell

a)

Hooke

b)

Schleiden

c)

Virchow

d)

Brown

20.

Scientists who created the cell theory.

a)

Virchow

b)

Brown

c)

Schleiden

d)

Schwann

21.

A =? B = ?

a)

lipid bilayer; peripheral protein

b)

lipid bilayer; integral protein

c)

carbohydrate; peripheral protein

d)

carbohydrate; integral protein

22.
a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

endocytosis

e)

active transport

23.
a)

osmosis

b)

diffusion

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

endocytosis

24.
a)

lyse

b)

hypotonic

c)

plasmolysis

d)

isotonic

25.

Explains various observations regarding the structure of functional cell membranes.

a)

permeable

b)

impermeable

c)

fluid mosaic

d)

takes many shapes and made of a bunch of parts