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WorksheetsExam 1-Communications
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 39mins
What is Common Sense?
Lead us to believe most other people have our communication skills, so we believe that approaches to communication that works for us, work for others, this is false and not true all the time. We all have different communication skills.
leads us to question our assumptions and become attentive to other perspectives. It also leads us to access the communication situation we’re in.
What is Personal Theory?
help us to describe, explain, predict, and sometimes control phenomena and circumstances we encounter.
Helps us define ourselves through communication.
based on experience, usually taken for granted, often private and not shared with others, they are also stable and do not often change.
What is Scholarly Theories
help us to describe, explain, predict, and sometimes control phenomena and circumstances we encounter.
developed through research involving systematic observation, information gathering, and analysis.
Based on systemic observations and testing.
They are usually questioned/studied, available to the public, and seek validity, reliability, and utility. They can also be changed or modified.
What is Validity?
Dependability and Consistency
Usefulness and applicability
Accuracy and aim
What is reliabilty?
Consistency and dependability
Accuracy and aim
Usefulness and applicability
What is Utility?
Accuracy and aim
Consistency and dependability
Usefulness and applicability
Is Communication a Social science or Liberal art?
Liberal Art:
Linguistics, and Literary Theory
Social Science:
Sociology, Psychology, and Anthropology
Both!
None
What is a Paradigm?
Getting Attention. Purpose, Information, Persuasion, Question-Answer, Tone, Conversation, opening and closing, Silence, Interpretation, Laughter
broad framework that guides the work of scholars over a long period of time as they conduct research and develop specific theories.
An inconsistency or discrepant observation that challenges
What is an Anomaly?
An inconsistency or discrepant observation that challenges the paradigm
Framework that guides the work of scholars over a long period of time as they conduct research and develop specific theories. (Thomas Kuhn)
Getting Attention. Purpose, Information, Persuasion, Question-Answer, Tone, Conversation, opening and closing, Silence, Interpretation, Laughter
Communication paradigms are
S>M>R=E
S= Source, M= Message, R= Receiver, E= Effect
MS does not equal MR
MS- Message Sent, MR- Message Received
Communication Anomaly's are
MS does not equal MR
MS- Message Sent, MR- Message Received
S>M>R=E
S= Source, M= Message, R= Receiver, E= Effect
What are examples of one-way communication
A radio broadcast
A debate
Teacher teaching a student
Lawyer practicing law in court and you're the judge
What are examples of two-way communication
A debate
Someone going on a date
Listening to the radio
Watching a youtube video
What did Donny and Marcia talk about?
A guy that Marcia was going to call up that made Donny feel weird
Relationship problems
Donny throwing a party and Marcia not getting invited
Donny asking Marcia for a ride due to car problems
Whose model is this: Source->Message->Receiver
Schramm
Kats & Lazarsfeld
Frank Dance
Aristole
Whose model is this: Who-What-Channel (or medium)-Whom=Effect
Laswell
Aristole
Shannon & Weaver
Westley & Maclean
Schramm
Shannon & Weaver
Westley & Maclean
Frank Dance
Schramm
Westley & Maclean
Kats & Lazarsfeld
DeVito
Whose model of Communication is this: Step 1:
Sources->Message->Mass Media->Opinion Leaders
Step 2:
Opinion Leaders->Public
Aristole
Kats & Lazarfeld
Schramm
Lasswell
Westley and Macclean
DeVito
Schramm
Macclean
Watzalack-Beavin-Jackson
DeVito
Frank Dance
Schramm
Westley and Macclean
Watzalack-Beavin-Jackson
Schramm
DeVito
Aristole
Watzalack, Beavin, and Jackson
DeVito
Schramm
How does Aristole address the Anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Source->Message->Receiver
No, only message sent
No
Noise can affect the message
Meaning negotiation
How does Lasswell address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Who-What-Channel (or medium)-Whom=Effect
Two-step flow can affect it because the message can go through two people before reaching you and those two people can change the message based on opinions. For example, a Politician giving a speech and a friend tells you about it
No focus on time not message sent or recieved
Focus on interpretation
No
How does Shannon & Weaver address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Field of experience can affect how you understand the message. If a doctor talks about medicine to a toddler for example.
Noise can affect the message
Two-step flow can affect it because the message can go through two people before reaching you and those two people can change the message based on opinions. For example, a Politician giving a speech and a friend tells you about it
Focus on interpretation
How does Schramm address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Field of experience can affect how you understand the message. If a doctor talks about medicine to a toddler for example.
Noise can affect the message
Focus on interpretation
Two-step flow can affect it because the message can go through two people before reaching you and those two people can change the message based on opinions. For example, a Politician giving a speech and a friend tells you about it
How does Katz & Lazarsfeld address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Step 1:
Sources->Message->Mass Media->Opinion Leaders
Step 2:
Opinion Leaders->Public
Field of experience can affect how you understand the message. If a doctor talks about medicine to a toddler for example.
No, only message sent
No, focus on time not the message sent or received
Two-step flow can affect it because the message can go through two people before reaching you and those two people can change the message based on opinions. For example, a Politician giving a speech and a friend tells you about it
How does Westley & Maclean address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Two-step flow can affect it because the message can go through two people before reaching you and those two people can change the message based on opinions. For example, a Politician giving a speech and a friend tells you about it
No. Starts with Received
Meaning Negotiation
No, focus on time not message sent or received
How does Dance address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Meaning Negotiation
No, only message sent
No focus on time nor message sent or received
Focus on source--->Receiver
How does Watzlawick, Bevin, and Jackson address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Focus on interpretation
Meaning Negotiation
No. Starts with Received
Noise can affect the message
How does DeVito address the anomaly MS does not equal MR?
Meaning Negotiation
Two-step flow can affect it because the message can go through two people before reaching you and those two people can change the message based on opinions. For example, a Politician giving a speech and a friend tells you about it
Focus on interpretation
No. Starts with Received
What is an example of Olfactory signals?
Smelling cooked pie
Hearing music
Seeing a movie
Ants using Phermones
What is an example of a tactile signal?
Smelling pie
Hearing someone yell "Help!"
Touching your keyboard
Watching a concert
What is an example of an auditory signal?
Hearing Someone screaming
Watching a movie
Dancing with someone
Smelling chicken
Do high vertebrates rely on visual and auditory symbols?
Yes!
No!
Do Low vertebraes rely on olfactory or visual?
Olfactory
Visual
Do Invertebraes rely on olfactory, visual, or auditory?
Auditory and olfactory
Olfactory
Visual
Visual and auditory
Human language is...
Voluntary
Learned(socialization)
Involuntary (automatic response)
Instinctive(hardwired)
Which language has: Repertoire Size- Natural: 50 calls, Learned <200 P signs
Primate
Neither
Both
Human
Which language has: vocab: 2000 words used everyday, Understand 45,000
Primate
Human
Neither
What is syntax?
the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
A finite number of words can be arranged into infinitely messages.
“Man” “The man” “The tall man” “The tall man in the black coat”
Creativity of language
What is expandability?
Creativity of language
A finite number of words can be arranged into infinitely messages.
“Man” “The man” “The tall man” “The tall man in the black coat”
What is productivity?
Expanability
Creativity of Language
the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
A finite number of words can be arranged into infinitely messages.
What is the Broca's area?
Controls meaning/semantics
Controls syntax, production
manipulation and creation of signals
What is the Wernicke's area?
Controls meaning/semantics
Photographic memories
manipulation and creation of signals
Controls syntax/productivity
Is larynx for humans higher in the body or lower?
Higher
Lower
Middle
Is the Larynx for animals higher or lower?
Higher
Lower
Middle
They don't have one
The Broca's area and Wernicke are found on the right hemisphere of the brain
True
False
What are visible aspects of Communication?
Interactants
Subjectivity
Learning
Symbols
Interactants, Symbols, and Media are visible aspects of Communication T or F?
True
False
What is Subjectivity?
Individual/unique understandings of things
Related to experience
Learning through socialization and cultural norms
Second-order information processing event: someone guiding you.
What is Culture?
Individuals->relationships->groups->organizations->Societies
Shared meanings, views of reality=culture
Meanings get “intersubjective” (Shared standardized) through communication with others
Self reflexivity is...
Reflecting on our experiences, interactions
All communication is autobiographical
Presentation of self
Self-reference is...
All communication is autobiographical
Reflecting on our experiences, interactions
Scholarly theories in communication are evaluated in terms of these three principles
(a)
The Capacity through the use of media for symbols to having meaning and significance apart from the situation in which they were originally used
(a)
N/A refers to the activity of sending and receiving messages, and to the discipline as a whole. N/A refers to the technologies or to specific messages that are transmitted through media
(a)
Model of communication that introduced the two-step flow
(a)
The model of communication emphasized communication as a two-way process.
(a)
Reflex or automatic responses which do not involve symbolic processing
(a)
When we discussed a photograph we used this to describe, explain, and predict
(a)
The relationship between the word dog and the furry animal that it represents is
(a)
Earliest Study of Communication
(a)
According to class discussion, the hidden levels of the N/A can replace as an explanation for what went wrong between Shane and Vivian
(a)
