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WorksheetsProtein synthesis aida
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 30mins
Which enzyme is required for DNA transcription?
Helicase
RNA polymerase
DNA ligase
DNA polymerase
Gene mutations can occur by substitution, deletion or insertion. What is the smallest part of a DNA molecule that can be changed by a gene mutation?
Base
Codon
Gene
Nucleotide
Which statements about mRNA are correct?
1) mRNA has base pairs.
2) mRNA can form hydrogen bonds.
3) mRNA is single-stranded.
1,2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
Which type of sugar and which type of bond are found in a DNA molecule?
A
B
C
D
Which nucleic acid bases are purines?
Adenine and Cytosine
Cytosine and Thymine
Guanine and Adenine
Uracil and Cytosine
In a genetic engineering experiment, a piece of double-stranded DNA containing 6000 nucleotides coding for a specific polypeptide is transcribed and translated. What is the total number of amino acids in this polypeptide?
500
1000
2000
3000
Which statements about tRNA are correct?
1) Hydrogen bonds between bases temporarily hold tRNA against mRNA.
2) The base sequences in the tRNA molecules are the same as the base sequences in the mRNA that is being translated.
3) tRNA translates the base sequence in mRNA into the amino acid sequence in a protein.
1,2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
A section of a DNA molecule has the coding sequence: AGGCAATGGC. Which statements are correct?
1) This coding sequence contains 3 pyrimidines
2) The double-stranded DNA of this section contains 26 hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.
3) The double-stranded DNA of this section has 20 sugar-phosphate bonds.
1,2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
XNA is a laboratory-made nucleic acid made of nucleotides in which one component has been replaced by the chemical X. The chemical X is not found in nature. The part of the molecule responsible for coding is not changed.
Which organic component of a DNA or RNA nucleotide has been replaced by X?
Five-carbon sugar
Phosphate group
Purine base
Pyrimidine base
The diagram shows the stages in the production of part of a polypeptide.
Which feature of the triplet code is illustrated by the information given?
An amino acid can be coded for by more than one triplet.
The triplet code is non-overlapping and is only read in one direction.
The triplet code is universal for the DNA of all organisms.
There are some triplets that code for ‘start’ and ‘stop’.
The gene coding for glycogen synthase in muscle cells is known as GYS1. Explain what is meant by a gene. (2 marks)
There are a number of known mutations for GYS1. Outline how a mutation in GYS1 can lead to the formation of an altered polypeptide where one amino acid is replaced by a different amino acid. (3 marks)
More mRNA molecules than tRNA molecules are synthesised in cells. Suggest a reason for this. (1 mark)
Describe the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis.
(3 marks)
Name the nitrogenous bases, M and O.
M - adenine O - cytosine
M - uracil O - cytosine
M - purine O - thymine
M - adenine O - guanine
Name the bonds shown by the dashed lines in Fig. 5.1.
Glycosidic bond
Hydrogen bond
Ester bond
Peptide bond
Disulphide bond
Insertion and deletion mutation is more harmful as they result in a ------ that changes the ordering of reading codons, therefore altering the entire ------ sequence that follows the mutation. On the other hand, substitution usually results in only a single amino acid being ------
(a)
In transcription, RNA that is formed is ------ stranded. One example of post-transcription modification is the addition of modified ------ to the 5' end of the RNA to form a 'cap'. Another is the addition of a protective tail composed of repeating ------ nucleotides.
(a)
The non-coding segments of genes, exons, are rejoined in a variety of different combinations in the post-translational stage
True
False
tRNA contains U and not T in their anticodon loop
TRUE
FALSE
