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Worksheetsc5 cp
Total questions: 114
Worksheet time: 57mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
a)
Episodic memories
b)
-Accurate between 75-100%
c)
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
d)
Sensory memory
2.
-active any time some past experience has an effect on the way you think or behave now or in the future.
a)
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
b)
Memory
c)
Visuospatial Sketch Pad
d)
-Larger value = more space is used in working memory.
3.
- When perception continues for a fraction of a second after something is presented briefly.
a)
Working Memory
b)
-It's not about them number of items in STM, but what you know about each item
c)
- When perception continues for a fraction of a second after something is presented briefly.
d)
Iconic memory/visual icon
4.
-Important when watching a movie because it connects slides.
a)
Whole report method
b)
Delayed Partial Report Method
c)
-Important when watching a movie because it connects slides.
d)
-Larger value = more space is used in working memory.
5.
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
a)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
b)
-Where the major work of working memory occurs.
c)
Preservation
d)
Structural Features
6.
-i.e. persistence of vision.
a)
-It pulls information from LTM and coordinates the activity of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad by focusing on specific parts of a task and deciding how to divide attention between different tasks.
b)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
c)
-Holds visual and spatial information.
d)
Sensory memory
7.
-Information that stays in our memory for brief periods, about 10-15 seconds.
a)
1. Analysis of behavior after brain damage, either human or animal (Double Dissociation, Brain Ablation).
b)
-proved the sensory memory
c)
-Information that stays in our memory for brief periods, about 10-15 seconds.
d)
-Accurate between 75-100%
8.
-Everything you know or think about at each moment in time.
a)
-A typical behavior of frontal lobe damaged patients where one repeatedly performs the same action or thought even if it is not achieving the desired goal.
b)
-Everything you know or think about at each moment in time.
c)
- When perception continues for a fraction of a second after something is presented briefly.
d)
-presented 12 letter display for 50 milliseconds.
9.
-The system involved in storing small amounts of information for a brief period of time.
a)
-The system involved in storing small amounts of information for a brief period of time.
b)
Delayed-Response Task
c)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
d)
-Important for holding information for brief periods of time.
10.
-Most of this information is lost.
a)
Delayed Partial Report Method
b)
Retroactive Interference
c)
-Most of this information is lost.
d)
Visual Imagery
11.
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
a)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
b)
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
c)
Encoding
d)
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
12.
-See Working Memory.
a)
-The confusion of letters or words that sound similar rather than ones that look similar.
b)
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
c)
Short-term memory
d)
Phonological Store
13.
Responsible for storing information for long periods of time, can be minutes to a lifetime.
a)
Working Memory Model
b)
Chunk
c)
-A limited-capacity system for temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning.
d)
Long-term memory
14.
Long-term memories of experiences from the past.
a)
-A repetition of an irrelevant sound that reduces memory because it interferes with rehearsal.
b)
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
c)
Episodic memories
d)
-Three types of memory.
15.
Long-term memories for things that involve muscle coordination.
a)
3. Long-term memory can hold a large amount of info for years or even decades.
b)
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
c)
Procedural memory
d)
-A Method that indicates that STM has a set limit of four items.
16.
Memories of facts such as an address or a birthday or the names of different objects.
a)
Semantic Memory
b)
-The system involved in storing small amounts of information for a brief period of time.
c)
1989
d)
-Three types of memory.
17.
Messages -> Sensory Memory -> Filter -(atended message)-> Detector -> Memory
a)
Phonological loop
b)
-Holds visual and spatial information.
c)
George Sperling
d)
Messages -> Sensory Memory -> Filter -(atended message)-> Detector -> Memory
18.
-1958
a)
Donal Broadbent's Filter Model of Attention
b)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
c)
Sensory memory
d)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
19.
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
a)
Modal Model of Memory
b)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
c)
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
d)
-The confusion of letters or words that sound similar rather than ones that look similar.
20.
-Three types of memory.
a)
Delayed Partial Report Method
b)
-A typical behavior of frontal lobe damaged patients where one repeatedly performs the same action or thought even if it is not achieving the desired goal.
c)
-Three types of memory.
d)
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
21.
1. Sensory memory is an initial stage that holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of a second.
a)
-Everything you know or think about at each moment in time.
b)
1. Sensory memory is an initial stage that holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of a second.
c)
Procedural memory
d)
-subjects try to repeat partial report, still reported 3.3-4 letters.
22.
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
a)
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
b)
1. Analysis of behavior after brain damage, either human or animal (Double Dissociation, Brain Ablation).
c)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
d)
-Showing two scenes one after the other and having the subject point out what is different between the two.
23.
3. Long-term memory can hold a large amount of info for years or even decades.
a)
3. Long-term memory can hold a large amount of info for years or even decades.
b)
Working Memory
c)
-Rotating an image of an object in one's mind.
d)
Event-Related Potential (ERP)
24.
-Input -> Sensory memory -> Short-Term Memory (Feeds into self through rehearsal, output) <-> Long-term memory
a)
Phonological Store
b)
Delayed Partial Report Method
c)
Long-term memory
d)
Modal Model of Memory
25.
The attributes of a model that are usually indicated by boxes and connected by arrows.
a)
Articulatory Suppression
b)
Recall
c)
Structural Features
d)
-IE the college student who remembered 79 digits by translating them into running times.
26.
Dynamic processes associated with the structural features that can be controlled by the person and may differ from one task to another.
a)
2. Recording from single neurons in animals.
b)
Long-term memory
c)
Dynamic processes associated with the structural features that can be controlled by the person and may differ from one task to another.
d)
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
27.
I.e. rehearsal, strategies to make a stimulus more memorable, strategies to pay better attention.
a)
-Showing two scenes one after the other and having the subject point out what is different between the two.
b)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
c)
Memory
d)
Control Processes
28.
Repeating a stimulus over and over in order to hold it in your mind.
a)
-A file size in a computer is an example of this, some files, though still a file, have more to remember about them.
b)
Rehearsal
c)
-A limited-capacity system for temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning.
d)
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
29.
The process of storing something from short term into long term memory.
a)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
b)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
c)
Encoding
d)
-Occurs when memory for lists of words is better for short words than for long words.
30.
The process of remembering information that is stored in long term memory.
a)
Retrieval
b)
Partial report method
c)
Phonological Similarity Effect
d)
-Small units can be combined into larger meaningful units.
31.
-The continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer present.
a)
Recall
b)
Central Executive
c)
Pre-frontal Cortex (PF)
d)
-The continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer present.
32.
- Only lasts a fraction of a second.
a)
Persistence of vision
b)
Echoic memory
c)
Structural Features
d)
-proved the sensory memory
33.
-1960 experiment to test how much information people can take in from briefly presented stimuli.
a)
-1960 experiment to test how much information people can take in from briefly presented stimuli.
b)
Persistence of vision
c)
Word Length Effect
d)
Delayed Partial Report Method
34.
-presented 12 letter display for 50 milliseconds.
a)
-presented 12 letter display for 50 milliseconds.
b)
Memory
c)
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
d)
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
35.
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
a)
-Where the major work of working memory occurs.
b)
-A repetition of an irrelevant sound that reduces memory because it interferes with rehearsal.
c)
-Most of this information is lost.
d)
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
36.
-subjects try to repeat partial report, still reported 3.3-4 letters.
a)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
b)
Donal Broadbent's Filter Model of Attention
c)
-subjects try to repeat partial report, still reported 3.3-4 letters.
d)
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
37.
-proved the sensory memory
a)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
b)
-1960 experiment to test how much information people can take in from briefly presented stimuli.
c)
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
d)
-proved the sensory memory
38.
-followed up trying to determine time course
a)
-The method that allows us to remember larger amounts of items because they have meaning.
b)
Amount of information vs. number of items
c)
George Sperling
d)
Retrieval
39.
When subjects are asked to report as many letters as possible from the entire 12 letter display.
a)
Whole report method
b)
-A Method that indicates that STM has a set limit of four items.
c)
-Recorded from single neurons in PF of monkeys.
d)
-presented 12 letter display for 50 milliseconds.
40.
Subjects see a 12 letter display but a second stimulus indicates which row to try to remember after the letter display has disappeared.
a)
Working Memory
b)
Amount of information vs. number of items
c)
Echoic memory
d)
Partial report method
41.
Letters of a 12 letter display are flashed on and off and a cue tone is presented after a short delay. Showed that sensory memory only lasts for a second.
a)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
b)
1. Analysis of behavior after brain damage, either human or animal (Double Dissociation, Brain Ablation).
c)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
d)
Delayed Partial Report Method
42.
The brief sensory memory for visual stimuli that corresponds to the sensory memory stage of the Modal Model.
a)
-Everything you know or think about at each moment in time.
b)
Iconic memory/visual icon
c)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
d)
Articulatory Suppression
43.
The persistence of sound that lasts for a few seconds after presentation of the original stimulus.
a)
Recall
b)
Rehearsal
c)
Shintari Funahashi
d)
Echoic memory
44.
Subjects who were presented with stimuli and then report back as many of the stimuli as possible after the delay. Also includes subjects recollecting life events.
a)
-Old learning interferes with new learning.
b)
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
c)
Working Memory
d)
Recall
45.
Theory that memory vanishes during a passage of time. Deemed wrong.
a)
Decay
b)
-1960 experiment to test how much information people can take in from briefly presented stimuli.
c)
-Used in the Vogel experiment on high and low capacity groups while doing a change detection procedure.
d)
Episodic memories
46.
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
a)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
b)
-Used by Stephanie Harrison and Frank Tong 2009 and Yukiyasu Kamitani and Tong 2005.
c)
Structural Features
d)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
47.
-Old learning interferes with new learning.
a)
-Old learning interferes with new learning.
b)
Event-Related Potential (ERP)
c)
Phonological Store
d)
Delay or Waiting
48.
-Hard to treat an old dog new tricks.
a)
Articulatory Suppression
b)
Proactive Interference
c)
-The confusion of letters or words that sound similar rather than ones that look similar.
d)
Rehearsal
49.
-Occurs when new learning interferes with remembering old learning.
a)
Retroactive Interference
b)
Whole report method
c)
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
d)
Long-term memory
50.
-A measure of the capacity of STM, it is the number of digits a person can remember.
a)
Chunk
b)
-A measure of the capacity of STM, it is the number of digits a person can remember.
c)
Shintari Funahashi
d)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
51.
-Average is 5-9 items. "Magical number 7 plus or minus 2."
a)
Recall
b)
Digit Span
c)
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
d)
Central Executive
52.
-A Method that indicates that STM has a set limit of four items.
a)
-Occurs when memory for lists of words is better for short words than for long words.
b)
-A Method that indicates that STM has a set limit of four items.
c)
3. Long-term memory can hold a large amount of info for years or even decades.
d)
Partial report method
53.
-Showing two scenes one after the other and having the subject point out what is different between the two.
a)
Delay or Waiting
b)
-Important for holding information for brief periods of time.
c)
-Showing two scenes one after the other and having the subject point out what is different between the two.
d)
-Three types of memory.
54.
-Steven Luck and Edward Vogel 1997
a)
Change Detection
b)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
c)
Rehearsal
d)
Articulatory Suppression
55.
-The method that allows us to remember larger amounts of items because they have meaning.
a)
-Recorded from single neurons in PF of monkeys.
b)
-The method that allows us to remember larger amounts of items because they have meaning.
c)
Semantic Memory
d)
-Accurate between 75-100%
56.
-Small units can be combined into larger meaningful units.
a)
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
b)
-Small units can be combined into larger meaningful units.
c)
Dynamic processes associated with the structural features that can be controlled by the person and may differ from one task to another.
d)
Memory
57.
-IE the college student who remembered 79 digits by translating them into running times.
a)
-IE the college student who remembered 79 digits by translating them into running times.
b)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
c)
-subjects try to repeat partial report, still reported 3.3-4 letters.
d)
-Used in the Vogel experiment on high and low capacity groups while doing a change detection procedure.
58.
-Involves pulling from LTM to make connections.
a)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
b)
Proactive Interference
c)
George Sperling
d)
Chunking
59.
-A collection of elements that are strongly associated with one another but are weakly associated with elements in other collections.
a)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
b)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
c)
Chunk
d)
-Information that stays in our memory for brief periods, about 10-15 seconds.
60.
-It's not about them number of items in STM, but what you know about each item
a)
Messages -> Sensory Memory -> Filter -(atended message)-> Detector -> Memory
b)
-It's not about them number of items in STM, but what you know about each item
c)
-See Short Term Memory.
d)
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
61.
-A file size in a computer is an example of this, some files, though still a file, have more to remember about them.
a)
Modal Model of Memory
b)
-Where the major work of working memory occurs.
c)
-A file size in a computer is an example of this, some files, though still a file, have more to remember about them.
d)
Control Processes
62.
-Alvarez and Cavanagh 2004 the more complex the stimuli, the lower the capacity.
a)
Shintari Funahashi
b)
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
c)
George Sperling
d)
Amount of information vs. number of items
63.
-A limited-capacity system for temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning.
a)
-The continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer present.
b)
-A measure of the capacity of STM, it is the number of digits a person can remember.
c)
-A limited-capacity system for temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning.
d)
-Recorded from single neurons in PF of monkeys.
64.
-See Short Term Memory.
a)
Chunk
b)
-See Short Term Memory.
c)
Procedural memory
d)
-The creation of visual images in the mind in the absence of a physical visual stimulus.
65.
-Named by Baddeley and Hitch.
a)
Partial report method
b)
Phonological Store
c)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
d)
Working Memory
66.
-Baddeley
a)
-Baddeley
b)
Change Detection
c)
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
d)
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
67.
Phonological loop (verbal and auditory information) <-> Central Executive <-> Visuospatial sketch pad (Visual and spatial information)
a)
-Important for holding information for brief periods of time.
b)
Working Memory Model
c)
Control Processes
d)
2. Recording from single neurons in animals.
68.
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
a)
-The system involved in storing small amounts of information for a brief period of time.
b)
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
c)
-Where the major work of working memory occurs.
d)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
69.
-It's like repeating something's sounds in your head.
a)
Retrieval
b)
Chunking
c)
Phonological loop
d)
Digit Span
70.
-Has a limited capacity and holds information for only a few seconds.
a)
Messages -> Sensory Memory -> Filter -(atended message)-> Detector -> Memory
b)
Change Detection
c)
Retrieval
d)
Phonological Store
71.
-Responsible for rehearsal that can keep items in the phonological store from decaying.
a)
-Larger value = more space is used in working memory.
b)
-A Method that indicates that STM has a set limit of four items.
c)
Working Memory
d)
Articulatory Rehearsal Process
72.
-Holds visual and spatial information.
a)
-Holds visual and spatial information.
b)
Short-term memory
c)
-Three types of memory.
d)
-Larger value = more space is used in working memory.
73.
-It's like holding a picture of something in your mind rather than trying to describe it with words or sounds.
a)
Memory
b)
-See Short Term Memory.
c)
George Sperling
d)
Visuospatial Sketch Pad
74.
-Where the major work of working memory occurs.
a)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
b)
-Rotating an image of an object in one's mind.
c)
-Where the major work of working memory occurs.
d)
Word Length Effect
75.
-It pulls information from LTM and coordinates the activity of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad by focusing on specific parts of a task and deciding how to divide attention between different tasks.
a)
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
b)
-It pulls information from LTM and coordinates the activity of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad by focusing on specific parts of a task and deciding how to divide attention between different tasks.
c)
Delayed Partial Report Method
d)
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
76.
-Attention controller.
a)
Word Length Effect
b)
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
c)
1. Analysis of behavior after brain damage, either human or animal (Double Dissociation, Brain Ablation).
d)
Central Executive
77.
-The confusion of letters or words that sound similar rather than ones that look similar.
a)
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
b)
-The confusion of letters or words that sound similar rather than ones that look similar.
c)
Short-term memory
d)
-Information that stays in our memory for brief periods, about 10-15 seconds.
78.
-R.Conrad 1964 letter flash cards.
a)
Phonological Similarity Effect
b)
Central Executive
c)
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
d)
-Important for holding information for brief periods of time.
79.
-Occurs when memory for lists of words is better for short words than for long words.
a)
Digit Span
b)
-The system involved in storing small amounts of information for a brief period of time.
c)
-Occurs when memory for lists of words is better for short words than for long words.
d)
Working Memory
80.
-Takes place because it takes longer to rehearse long words and to produce them in recall.
a)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
b)
Partial report method
c)
Word Length Effect
d)
Persistence of vision
81.
-A repetition of an irrelevant sound that reduces memory because it interferes with rehearsal.
a)
1. Sensory memory is an initial stage that holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of a second.
b)
-A repetition of an irrelevant sound that reduces memory because it interferes with rehearsal.
c)
Working Memory Model
d)
Amount of information vs. number of items
82.
-Effect works when attempting to rehearse long and short words.
a)
-Effect works when attempting to rehearse long and short words.
b)
-proved the sensory memory
c)
Retroactive Interference
d)
-A limited-capacity system for temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning.
83.
-Same effect happens within the Visuospatial Sketch Pad.
a)
-Everything you know or think about at each moment in time.
b)
Articulatory Suppression
c)
Phonological Store
d)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
84.
-The creation of visual images in the mind in the absence of a physical visual stimulus.
a)
-The creation of visual images in the mind in the absence of a physical visual stimulus.
b)
Neural Mind Reading
c)
Encoding
d)
Memory
85.
-Shepard and Metzler 1971 showed that the more an image needs to rotate, the longer it takes to identify it.
a)
-1960 experiment to test how much information people can take in from briefly presented stimuli.
b)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
c)
Visual Imagery
d)
Chunking
86.
-Rotating an image of an object in one's mind.
a)
Memory
b)
-Rotating an image of an object in one's mind.
c)
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
d)
Decay
87.
-An example of an operation of the visuospatial sketch pad.
a)
-A typical behavior of frontal lobe damaged patients where one repeatedly performs the same action or thought even if it is not achieving the desired goal.
b)
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
c)
Mental rotation
d)
Phonological loop
88.
-A typical behavior of frontal lobe damaged patients where one repeatedly performs the same action or thought even if it is not achieving the desired goal.
a)
Structural Features
b)
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
c)
-A typical behavior of frontal lobe damaged patients where one repeatedly performs the same action or thought even if it is not achieving the desired goal.
d)
Proactive Interference
89.
-Indicates an inability to properly utilize the central executive.
a)
Preservation
b)
Structural Features
c)
-A measure of the capacity of STM, it is the number of digits a person can remember.
d)
Memory
90.
-Indicates how much space was used in working memory as a task is carried out.
a)
-A repetition of an irrelevant sound that reduces memory because it interferes with rehearsal.
b)
- When perception continues for a fraction of a second after something is presented briefly.
c)
-Indicates how much space was used in working memory as a task is carried out.
d)
Delayed-Response Task
91.
-Larger value = more space is used in working memory.
a)
-Larger value = more space is used in working memory.
b)
Recall
c)
-It pulls information from LTM and coordinates the activity of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad by focusing on specific parts of a task and deciding how to divide attention between different tasks.
d)
Donal Broadbent's Filter Model of Attention
92.
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
a)
-A Method that indicates that STM has a set limit of four items.
b)
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
c)
Control Processes
d)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
93.
-Used in the Vogel experiment on high and low capacity groups while doing a change detection procedure.
a)
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
b)
1. Sensory memory is an initial stage that holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of a second.
c)
-Used in the Vogel experiment on high and low capacity groups while doing a change detection procedure.
d)
-presented 12 letter display for 50 milliseconds.
94.
-Experiment showed that a higher value is given when there are distractors, and even more so if one is in the low capacity group which indicates that their central executive is not as strong.
a)
Short-term memory
b)
Event-Related Potential (ERP)
c)
-Used in the Vogel experiment on high and low capacity groups while doing a change detection procedure.
d)
Memory
95.
-Introduced by Braddeley to address a lack of chunking in his model.
a)
-Introduced by Braddeley to address a lack of chunking in his model.
b)
-It pulls information from LTM and coordinates the activity of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad by focusing on specific parts of a task and deciding how to divide attention between different tasks.
c)
- When perception continues for a fraction of a second after something is presented briefly.
d)
Phonological Similarity Effect
96.
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
a)
-IE the college student who remembered 79 digits by translating them into running times.
b)
-Can store information and is connected to LTM, also adding that the Phonological loop and Visuospatial Sketch pad are also connected to LTM.
c)
-See Short Term Memory.
d)
Neural Mind Reading
97.
-It can increase storage capacity and communication with LTM.
a)
Phonological Store
b)
-proved the sensory memory
c)
Episodic Buffer
d)
-Rotating an image of an object in one's mind.
98.
1. Analysis of behavior after brain damage, either human or animal (Double Dissociation, Brain Ablation).
a)
-Consists of the phonological store and articulatory rehearsal processes. It holds verbal and auditory information.
b)
Messages -> Sensory Memory -> Filter -(atended message)-> Detector -> Memory
c)
1. Analysis of behavior after brain damage, either human or animal (Double Dissociation, Brain Ablation).
d)
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
99.
2. Recording from single neurons in animals.
a)
2. Recording from single neurons in animals.
b)
Structural Features
c)
Echoic memory
d)
Delay or Waiting
100.
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
a)
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
b)
-IE the college student who remembered 79 digits by translating them into running times.
c)
Recall
d)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
101.
4. Recording electrical signals from the human brain (ERP)
a)
Sensory memory
b)
-presented 12 letter display for 50 milliseconds.
c)
Tools for determining connection between cognitive functioning and the brain
d)
3. Measuring activity of human brain (fMRI).
102.
Brief period of time after something happens in working memory.
a)
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
b)
Delay or Waiting
c)
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
d)
Working Memory
103.
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
a)
-subjects try to repeat partial report, still reported 3.3-4 letters.
b)
-The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation.
c)
3. Long-term memory can hold a large amount of info for years or even decades.
d)
-Required a monkey to hold information in working memory during a delay period.
104.
-Example, two food wells, one empty and one with food. Covered. Then monkey had to choose which one had food to obtain reward. When prefrontal cortex is removed they cannot learn to pick the right well and resort to chance.
a)
Delayed-Response Task
b)
-Indicates how much space was used in working memory as a task is carried out.
c)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
d)
Long-term memory
105.
-Important for holding information for brief periods of time.
a)
-A typical behavior of frontal lobe damaged patients where one repeatedly performs the same action or thought even if it is not achieving the desired goal.
b)
-Important for holding information for brief periods of time.
c)
Structural Features
d)
-1960 experiment to test how much information people can take in from briefly presented stimuli.
106.
-Des not become adequately developed in infants until about 8 months of age.
a)
Working Memory Model
b)
-See Short Term Memory.
c)
Pre-frontal Cortex (PF)
d)
Phonological Store
107.
1989
a)
Mental rotation
b)
1989
c)
2. Short-term memory holds five to seven items for about 15-20 seconds.
d)
-Used in the Vogel experiment on high and low capacity groups while doing a change detection procedure.
108.
-Recorded from single neurons in PF of monkeys.
a)
-Recorded from single neurons in PF of monkeys.
b)
Mental rotation
c)
-The method that allows us to remember larger amounts of items because they have meaning.
d)
-Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin 1968
109.
-Monkey looks at fixation point while square flashes at one position on screen, delay, fixation point disappears to look at where square was, showed that monkey remembered where square was.
a)
Mental rotation
b)
-Monkey looks at fixation point while square flashes at one position on screen, delay, fixation point disappears to look at where square was, showed that monkey remembered where square was.
c)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
d)
-The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is no longer present.
110.
-The neuron fired only when square was in a specific location and continued during delay. Info remains as long as neuron keeps firing.
a)
Shintari Funahashi
b)
Preservation
c)
-recorded with small disc electrodes placed on a person's scalp which pick up signals from groups of neurons that fire together.
d)
Sensory memory
111.
-Used by Stephanie Harrison and Frank Tong 2009 and Yukiyasu Kamitani and Tong 2005.
a)
Short-term memory
b)
-Three types of memory.
c)
Encoding
d)
-Used by Stephanie Harrison and Frank Tong 2009 and Yukiyasu Kamitani and Tong 2005.
112.
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
a)
Digit Span
b)
- subjects try to repeat whole report, could only do 4.5 letters. Letters fled rapidly though they saw all of them.
c)
Amount of information vs. number of items
d)
-refers to using a neural response, usually brain activation measured by fMRI to determine what a person is perceiving or thinking as a prediction.
113.
-Accurate between 75-100%
a)
-Theory that interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
b)
-Old learning interferes with new learning.
c)
Shintari Funahashi
d)
-Accurate between 75-100%
114.
-Harrison and Tong found that the visual cortex is involved in working memory.
a)
Neural Mind Reading
b)
-Used by Stephanie Harrison and Frank Tong 2009 and Yukiyasu Kamitani and Tong 2005.
c)
George Sperling
d)
-Stores memory into LTM, but also involved in retrieval.
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