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Enlightenment

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

English philosopher who believed that people are naturally cruel and selfish:

a)

John Locke

b)

Thomas Hobbes

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Voltaire

2.

When did the Dark Ages begin?

a)

during the time of the Greeks and Romans

b)

From 1914-1945CE

c)

During the time of Egypt

d)

After the fall of Rome

3.

What was the only major source of religion in Medieval Europe?

a)

Islam

b)

The Roman Catholic Church

c)

Judaism

d)

Buddhism

4.

What was the purpose of the Crusades?

a)

A conflict between Muslims and Christians for territory

b)

to bring more fresh water and food supplies into the city of Rome

c)

to start a new religion

d)

The science of engineering and building more Muslim mosques

5.

This was another name for the "Black Death" plague that ravaged Europe during the Middle Ages:

a)

Blue Bonnet Plague

b)

Bubonic Plague

c)

Cholera

d)

Influenza

6.

What best completes this social pyramid?

a)

Priests

b)

Consuls

c)

Peasants

d)

Landowners

7.

These members of European society were to protect the lord and his land, as well as the peasants who lived on his land.

a)

Knights

b)

Monks

c)

Tax collectors

d)

Nobles

8.

a Medieval economic system in which nobles are granted lands in exchange for loyalty, military service, &protection of the people who live on the land:

a)

Magna Carta

b)

knight

c)

manor

d)

feudalism

9.

The Middle Ages were also known as...

a)

Medieval Era

b)

Age of Kings and Queens

c)

Dark Ages

d)

Age of Knights of the Round Table

10.

Who was at the top of the Medieval society?

a)

Kings and Queens

b)

Lords and Ladies

c)

Peasants and Serfs

d)

Knights and Vassals

11.

Which Feudal class?

a)

Lords/Nobles

b)

Peasants/Serfs

c)

Cardinals, Bishops, and Priests

d)

King/Queen

12.

The Fall of the Roman Empire resulted

in...

a)

Europe breaking up into smaller non-

unified regions.

b)

The Christian church being taken over

by Muslims.

c)

People forgetting how to speak latin.

d)

The poor gaining more power and

authority over the rich.

13.

The study of wisdom, knowledge and the nature of reality

a)

Philistine

b)

Philosophy

c)

Pristine

d)

Probably

14.

During the Renaissance around 1400-1600CE, there was a "rebirth" of interest in

a)

military strategies.

b)

religion.

c)

art and learning.

d)

political freedom.

15.

What does the word "Renaissance" mean?

a)

Renewed

b)

Rebuilt

c)

Remade

d)

Rebirth

16.
Where did the Renaissance begin?
a)
Italy
b)
France
c)
England
d)
Germany
17.

According to Newton, what kinds of objects are affected by gravity?

a)

Only objects inside the earth's atmosphere, like apples.

b)

Only objects that orbit the sun, like planets.

c)

Only objects with a lot of mass, like human beings.

d)

All objects in the universe.

18.

How is the moon's orbit around the earth related to an apple falling from a tree?

a)

A combination of the moon's inertia and earth's gravity keeps the moon in orbit

b)

The earth, the moon, and an apple are all spherical (ball shaped), so they all have gravity.

c)

The moon's gravity holds apples on tree branches, while the earth's gravity pulls apples toward the ground.

d)

The moon's gravity affects bodies of water; the earth's gravity affects solid objects.

19.

According to Newton's first law, an object in motion will stay in motion unless:

a)

An opposing force acts on it.

b)

It's in outer space.

c)

It stops.

d)

It remains at rest.

20.

According to Newton's third law, what happens when you push against a wall?

a)

The wall pushes back at you half as hard as you push against it.

b)

The wall doesn't resist at all.

c)

The wall pushes back at you with the same amount of force.

d)

The wall pushes back at you twice as hard as you push against it.

21.

Which statement best describes the beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers?

a)

They had faith that absolute monarchs would govern wisely and fairly.

b)

They believed that science and reason could improve people's lives.

c)

They believed religion alone could answer all questions about life.

d)

They believed that the ancient Greeks and Romans knew all there was to know.

22.

Which groups played the greatest role in the Enlightenment?

a)

peasants and farmers

b)

soldiers and military leaders

c)

scientists and philosophers

d)

explorers and adventurers

23.

How did the Enlightenment differ from the Renaissance?

a)

During the Enlightenment, people increasingly turned to myth-making and storytelling to explain our universe

b)

During the Enlightenment, governments always treated the poor and rich equally.

c)

During the Enlightenment, Europe became less powerful than North America.

d)

During the Enlightenment, people increasingly looked to science and reason to answer their questions about the natural world.

24.

In which part of the world did the Enlightenment begin?

a)

Europe

b)

Asia

c)

the United States

d)

South America

25.

Which of the following best describes Isaac Newton?

a)

influential scientist

b)

father of democracy

c)

friend of the poor peasants

d)

leader of religious thought

26.

Newton's theory of gravity draws what conclusion?

a)

People descended from apes.

b)

A natural force pulls objects toward Earth.

c)

The monarch does not rule by divine right.

d)

Eating at least one apple each day promotes good health.

27.

What is reason?

a)

the ability of the mind to think clearly and understand

b)

the belief that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule

c)

a type of advanced mathematics focused on the study of change

d)

a situation in which a disease spreads to many people in an area or region

28.

When was Isaac Newton's most productive period of time for scientific discovery?

a)

when he was in high school

b)

when he was taking classes at the university

c)

when he was a university professor

d)

when he had little to do at home because of an epidemic

29.

What story is attributed to Newton's discovery of the law of gravity?

a)

He fell down the stairs.

b)

He dropped two objects from a high tower.

c)

An apple hit him on the head.

d)

He thought about the distance of the moon.

30.

Newton's First Law of Motion states that:

a)

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

b)

an object at rest will fall toward other objects.

c)

an object in motion stays that way until another force interacts with it.

d)

all massive objects pull on all other massive objects.

31.

It is well known that Isaac Newton was

a)

very outgoing and loved parties.

b)

a great debater and got into lots of arguments.

c)

a champion soccer player and won his team many trophies.

d)

extremely curious about the natural world.

32.

What did Isaac Newton invent/discover other than the Laws Of Physics?

a)

Addition

b)

Subtrction

c)

Area model

d)

Calculus

33.

When Isaac went to Cambridge University, he was interested in...

a)

farming, cuisine, bakery

b)

writing and poetry

c)

physics, mathematics, and astronomy

d)

biology and chemistry

34.

When did Newton publish his Mathematical Principles?

a)

Right after he wrote it when he started teaching at the University.

b)

He never published it! Somebody had to get it published for him.

c)

Not until some English scholars read it and urged him to publish it.

d)

When he was at home by himself during the epidemic.

35.

What was Isaac Newton worried about when publishing his ideas?

a)

that it would upset people and he'd be criticised

b)

that it would be found to be wrong by the church

c)

that people would think he copied someone else's work

d)

that people wouldn't take him seriously

36.

In the late 1600s, ___ explained that all people have natural rights which cannot be taken away by any government.

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

John Locke

c)

Francis Bacon

d)

Isaac Newton

37.

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke believed in the many of the same ideas.

a)

True

b)

False

38.

Which type of government did Thomas Hobbes advocate for and say was the best form of government?

a)

absolute monarchy

b)

a republic like Rome had before the time of Julius Caesar

c)

direct democracy like in Athens Greece

d)

a theocracy run by the church

39.

Which Enlightenment philosopher described humans to be naturally selfish, cruel, and mostly concerned with seeking pleasure while avoiding pain?

a)

John Locke

b)

Thomas Jefferson

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Voltaire

40.

A government which is led by religious leaders is called a ______.

a)

democracy

b)

oligarchy

c)

monarchy

d)

theocracy

e)

dictatorship

41.

When a King or Queen rule and control a government, it is known as a ______.

a)

monarchy

b)

democracy

c)

theocracy

d)

dictatorship

e)

oligarchy

42.

A member of a community who obeys the laws is called a _____.

a)

citizen

b)

immigrant

c)

servant

d)

migrant

e)

refugee

43.

In a ______, citizens hold political power by voting for their leaders and their laws.

a)

oligarchy

b)

monarchy

c)

democracy

d)

theocracy

e)

dictatorship

44.

A government ruled by a few people is called a(n) ________.

a)

oligarchy

b)

theocracy

c)

democracy

d)

anarchy

45.

Which country is shown in black?

a)

Italy

b)

Ireland

c)

Norway

d)

Germany

46.

Which country is shown in light blue?

a)

Ukraine

b)

Russia

c)

Spain

d)

Greece

47.

Which body of water is pictured in the middle of this image?

a)

Lake Titicaca

b)

Mediterranean Sea

c)

Lake Superior

d)

Pacific Ocean

48.

What is the name of this island nation?

a)

The United Kingdom (England)

b)

Germany

c)

Spain

d)

Greece

49.

Which country is shown in Green?

a)

Greece

b)

France

c)

Poland

d)

Germany

e)

Russia

50.

According to John Locke, each person is born into the world with a mind like a ___.

a)

Senatus Publicus Romanus

b)

Rubicon River

c)

tabula rasa

d)

Cogito ergo sum

51.

What did John Locke say that citizens should do if the government did NOT protect their natural rights?

a)

sign petitions and get many signatures as possible

b)

go back to work and continue to support the government

c)

commit crimes around the neighborhood in order to protect your family

d)

overthrow that government and replace it

52.

The Enlightenment of 1600-1800CE was also known by which name?

a)

Dark Ages

b)

Age of Reason

c)

Peloponnesian War

d)

Roman Republic

e)

Renaissance

53.

Two people who criticized the French government by publishing books under fake names:

a)

John Locke and Donald Trump

b)

James Madison and Thomas Jefferson

c)

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke

d)

Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon

e)

Montesquieu and Voltaire

54.

Voltaire was once a prisoner in this French prison:

a)

San Antonio County Jail

b)

Rikers Island

c)

Bastille

d)

Alcatraz

e)

Fort Leavenworth

55.

In 1688, the citizens of England removed King James from the throne and replaced him with King William and his wife Mary. The monarchy now had to share power with Parliament, and citizens were to be protected by a Bill of Rights. These events are known as ___.

a)

The Glorious Revolution

b)

The Birth of a Nation

c)

The Velvet Underground

d)

The Dark Ages

56.

This country adopted a Bill of Rights to protect citizens in 1688:

a)

France

b)

Italy

c)

England

d)

The United States

57.

Which of these people is considered the "Father of the US Constitution"?

a)

James Madison

b)

Thomas Jefferson

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Isaac Newton

58.

Which statement best describes the beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers?

a)

they had faith that absolute monarchs would govern wisely and fairly

b)

they believed that science and reason could improve people's lives

c)

they believed that only religion could answer life's questions

d)

they believed that only the ancient Greeks and Romans knew everything there was to know

59.

In which part of the world did the Enlightenment begin?

a)

Asia

b)

Africa

c)

North America

d)

Europe

60.

Means favoring large or widespread changes:

a)

radical

b)

god-given

c)

mythology

d)

religion

e)

natural

61.

Which of John Locke's ideas influenced the American colonists/patriots' decision to fight a war for independence from Great Britain (England)?

a)

people are the way they are because of their experiences in life

b)

one's mind at birth is like a blank sheet of paper or "tabula rasa"

c)

people should rebel against a government that does not protect their rights

d)

people learn about the world through their five senses

62.

the force acting to pull objects toward Earth:

a)

acceleration

b)

speed

c)

kilograms/pounds

d)

gravity

63.

He wrote and later published the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. He eventually became the 3rd president of the United States:

a)

George Washington

b)

Voltaire

c)

Thomas Jefferson

d)

Thomas Hobbes

64.

Considered the Father of the US Constitution which established our government in the United States:

a)

George Washington

b)

Theodore Roosevelt

c)

James Madison

d)

Barack Obama