A ________________ is a common word in the vocubalary for our ancestors. It simply means a large boat which was used by our ancestors to travel.

The barangay is led by a _______________.

In times of wars against other barangay (usually called __________________), the datu leads warriors in defeating the community or raid another barangay.

_____________ (used by Tagalogs) is a word used in the barangay. It refers to the people of the upper class and the immediate family of the datu.

They are also the warriors of the barangay.

_____________ (used in Visayas) is a word used in the barangay. It refers to the people of the upper class and the immediate family of the datu.

They are also the warriors of the barangay.

__________________ are the free people or commoners of the barangay.

Maginoos and maharlikas that joined a war will get a reward from the datu. Others who fought bravely will be recognized as _____________ (hero).

________________ are people captured during wars, indebted (owes someone a huge amount of money), and those whose parents were ________________.

Alipin - general word to call someone a slave in Tagalogs (called _____________ in Bisaya)

A slave who owns a house, and works during harvest season or when needed (tuhay in Bisaya)

____________ always follows the master wherever he/she, also lives in the master's house (calley ayuey in Bisaya)

Slaves who were bought or sold to another

Slaves who were captured from raiding other barangay

slaves who work for five days, can be sold

slaves who work for four days

Aliping saguiguilid called _______ in Bisaya.

Aliping namamahay called _______ in Bisaya.

They are the spiritual leaders of the community. They led rituals of sacrifice along with the datu and the rest of the community. They also led in other celebrations and ceremonies.

They are town criers who announces new laws approved by the datu.

It is a datu that serves as a judge between conflicts of two other datus.

Sultanate is a form of government that follows

the teachings of Islamic religion.

Batas ng Muslim (Muslim Law)

Because of trading with Arabic merchants from __________________, most of the people in Mindanao are Muslims with some speaking Arabic.

All of the datus swear allegiance to the Sultan. They follow the belief on _____________ which means a community of Muslims.

The _________________ is the sole leader of the Sultanate.

The Sultan is a descendant of the Muslim prophet Muhammad as written in the ___________ a record of previous Sultans. (clan documents or notes)

The position of Sultan can only be inherited in the event that a sultan dies, the position will be inherited by his prince, also called _____________.

The Sultan is accompanied by a group of elders called _______________ which helps the Sultan in decision making.

________________ or a governor of a province.

______________ or a scholar of Islam religion.

______________ or the commander of the marines.

___________ or a prime minister of the Sultan.

Sultanate of Sulu was established by the Muslim scholar Sharif ul-Hashim and appointed Abu Bakr as its first Sultan.

Sultanate of Sulu was established by the Muslim scholar Sharif ul-Hashim and _________ appointed as its first Sultan.

____________________ established the Sultanate of

Maguindanao.

Arrival of Spaniards in the Visayas

In 1571, Sultanate of Manila was established. It was led

by _________________.

The Sultanantes of Mindanao...

Survived the almost 300 years of Spanish colonization. Leaders like ______________ were able to fend off the colonizers for a very long time.

Every community in the region is composed of 8 to 10 families head by chief (Ibanags call their chiefs ___________. Chiefs are chosen through their bravery in battle and the

number of animals or humans that they've killed.

__________ is the most important crop for Filipinos. In

precolonial times, it is main source of food of the barangay.

In Visayas, planting season starts by clearing bushes

and small trees through slash-and-burn. This is called _____________.

In communities in the

mountains, our ancestors

build rice terraces called

.

In Bagobo communities, they begin planting season around December when the __________ can be seen in the night sky

Tagalogs prepares tools for kaingin around January when the ________________ appears in the night sky.

sinaunang sistema ng pagsulat (ancient writing system)