WorksheetsProtein Synthesis
Total questions: 7
Worksheet time: 4mins
Genes are regions of the DNA that determine traits in the cells and organisms where they reside. How is it that DNA genes determine such phenotype traits?
Ribosomes break down DNA strands in a series of biochemical reactions in order to provide energy to power the cell processes.
When DNA strands are copied, the replication enzymes capture heat energy that is later used to build food molecules for the cell to digest.
The sequence of DNA bases directs the assembly of a particular sequence of amino acids into proteins that form cell structures and perform biochemical reactions in cells.
Transfer RNA molecules deliver amino acids into the cell’s nucleus, attaching the amino acids onto the DNA chromosome and altering its overall three-dimensional structure.
A DNA sequence within a gene reads TCC AAT GGC TTA TTT GCA.
What sequence of amino acids is specified by this DNA sequence?
Serine-Leucine-Asparagine-Lysine-Arginine
Arginine-Leucine-Proline-Asparagine-Lysine-Arginine
Tryptophan-Phenylalanine-Leucine-Glycine-Asparagine-Serine
Threonine-Phenylalanine-Isoleucine-Arginine-Stop
The universal codon chart is shown.
Which of the following amino acid sequences is coded for by the mRNA sequence: AUGGUUAAACGAGAAUCC ?
Try, Gln, Phe, Ala, Val, Pro
Met, Ser, Asp, Thr, Lys, Leu, Val
Met, Val, Lys, Arg, Glu, Ser
Asp, Leu, Ser, Met, Ser, Asp
A section of nucleic acid is shown.
The process represented in the diagram produces a molecule that is complementary to the template strand of DNA. What type of molecule is being produced?
New DNA
Protein
messenger RNA
Carbohydrate
Differences in traits such as hair texture are determined by differences in the sequence of DNA nucleotides. How does the DNA sequence result in these traits?
The DNA is replicated into tRNA, which is exported across the cell membrane to the rest of the body.
The DNA is a template for building carbohydrates, which provide energy for the cell’s chemical reactions.
The DNA is broken apart into individual genes, which are reactants in a chemical reaction to produce ATP.
The DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is translated into proteins that perform those functions in cells.
If the sequence of nucleotides, TAAGCGAAAGCA, goes through protein synthesis, assuming that there are no STOP codons, how many amino acids will be made?
4
3
12
9
The fact that a strain of yeast with a certain defective gene can use the human version of the gene to repair itself is evidence of which of the following?
Yeast and humans depend on the same food supply.
Yeast and humans both have prokaryotic chromosomes.
Yeast and humans have identical DNA in their genome.
Yeast and humans share a universal genetic code.
