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WorksheetsAP Psychology Learning Quiz
Total questions: 33
Worksheet time: 29mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is the best example of shaping?
a)
A child receives five dollars each time he cleans his room.
b)
An employee receives a termination notice after coming to work late every day over a period of three months
c)
A child gets candy from a dispenser one time but gets nothing from the dispenser the next two times.
d)
A teacher rewards a student for sitting quietly for ten minutes on Monday, fifteen minutes on Tuesday, twenty minutes on Wednesday, and thirty minutes on Thursday.
e)
A rat receives a mild shock each time it tries to open the door of its cage.
2.
After several trials during which a dog is given a certain kind of food at the same time that a specific tone is sounded, there is evidence of conditioning if the dog salivates when
a)
the tone only is presented
b)
the food only is presented
c)
the food and tone are presented together
d)
a different tone is presented with the food
e)
a different kind of food is presented without a tone
3.
As Susie left for work, she said “goodbye” to her husband and slammed the door. The loud sound of the door made her husband flinch. After many mornings of hearing “goodbye” followed by a door slam, her husband flinches when he hears her say “goodbye.” In this scenario, hearing the word “goodbye” is the
a)
unconditioned stimulus
b)
conditioned stimulus
c)
conditioned response
d)
unconditioned response
e)
positive reinforcer
4.
Emiko’s cat often meows for food. Emiko decides to eliminate the behavior by feeding the cat only when it does not meow. Over the next few weeks, she sometimes ignores the cat when it meows. Other times, she feeds the cat when it meows. Which of the following is the most reasonable prediction to make about the cat’s meowing for food?
a)
It will disappear due to extinction
b)
It will decrease overall but not extinguish.
c)
It will remain unchanged due to a continuous schedule of reinforcement.
d)
It will increase due to a variable schedule of reinforcement.
e)
It will increase due to positive punishment
5.
Because studies of learning show that events occurring close together in time are easier to associate than those occurring at widely different times, parents should probably avoid which of the following?
a)
Corporal punishment
b)
Mild punishment
c)
Consistent punishment
d)
Inescapable punishment
e)
Delay of punishment
6.
An individual’s fear of dogs that is lost as the individual is exposed to dogs in nonthreatening situations is referred to by behaviorists as a fear that has been
a)
satiated
b)
suppressed
c)
repressed
d)
extinguished (extinction)
e)
punished
7.
For extinction to occur, which of the following must be true of the conditioned response (CR), the conditioned stimulus (CS), and the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) ?
a)
The CR occurs after the CS but does not occur after other stimuli.
b)
The CR occurs after a stimulus that is similar to the CS
c)
The CS and the UCS are repeatedly paired, and the CR gains strength.
d)
The CS is repeatedly presented in the absence of the UCS, and the CR loses strength.
e)
When the CR loses strength, a rest period is given, after which the CS again elicits the CR.
8.
In Ivan Pavlov's experiments in classical conditioning, the dog's salivation was
a)
an unconditioned stimulus only
b)
an unconditioned response only
c)
a conditioned response only
d)
both an unconditioned and a conditioned stimulus
e)
both an unconditioned and a conditioned response
9.
Learned helplessness is most likely to result when
a)
responses have no effect on the environment
b)
young organisms fail to imprint at the critical period
c)
a response is reinforced independently
d)
reinforcement occurs on an intermittent schedule
e)
an organism receives negative reinforcement
10.
Which of the following is the best example of a learning predisposition (Preparedness)?
a)
Pigeons can be trained to play tic-tac-toe
b)
Cats become quicker at escaping out of boxes with practice.
c)
A chimpanzee suddenly realizes it can use a stick to retrieve an out-of-reach banana.
d)
Rewarding a person for a behavior leads to an increase in that behavior.
e)
It is easier to condition a person to be fearful of rats than of cars.
11.
A child who learns that spoons are tableware and then correctly calls forks and knives tableware is demonstrating
a)
rote learning
b)
imitation training
c)
discrimination training
d)
stimulus generalization
e)
classical conditioning
12.
The terms "modeling" and "imitation" are most closely associated with which of the following?
a)
Classical conditioning
b)
Gestalt theory
c)
Hypothesis testing
d)
Operant conditioning
e)
Social learning theory (Observational Learning)
13.
Seven-year-old Raj never wants to clean his room, but his parents know how much he loves watching television. They tell him if he cleans his room, he’ll get to watch his favorite television shows. According to operant conditioning theory, Raj is most likely to
a)
refuse to clean his room
b)
watch television without cleaning his room
c)
scream at his parents
d)
clean his room
e)
lose interest in watching television
14.
Which of the following is a partial reinforcement schedule that is most resistant to extinction?
a)
Noncontingent
b)
Shaping
c)
Variable ratio
d)
Fixed ratio
e)
Fixed interval
15.
Punishment is most effective in eliminating undesired behavior when the
a)
behavior is complex
b)
behavior was very recently acquired
c)
punishment is delivered soon after the behavior
d)
punishment is delivered by someone with authority
e)
punishment is both mental and physical
16.
The technique of strengthening behavior by reinforcing successive approximations is called
a)
positive reinforcement
b)
negative reinforcement
c)
distributed practice
d)
modeling
e)
shaping
17.
Robert Rescorla’s contingency model of classical conditioning states that
a)
conditioning occurs only when one event reliably predicts another
b)
contiguity of stimuli is sufficient for conditioning to occur
c)
reinforcement contingencies predict extinction
d)
any stimulus can become conditioned when paired with an unconditioned stimulus
e)
the only difference between the conditioned response and the unconditioned response is the stimulus used to elicit them
18.
Responses extinguish fastest when they are learned through which type of reinforcement schedule?
a)
Continuous
b)
Negative
c)
Variable-interval
d)
Variable-ratio
e)
Fixed-interval
19.
Studies of learning have shown that animals develop an aversion for tastes associated with
a)
electric shock
b)
extinguished associations
c)
sickness
d)
novel stimuli
e)
starvation
20.
Taking a painkiller to relieve a toothache is behavior learned through which of the following processes?
a)
Shaping
b)
Punishment
c)
Positive reinforcement
d)
Negative reinforcement
e)
Omission training
21.
Individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting
a)
self-actualization attributes
b)
self-actualization attributes
c)
attributional deficits
d)
cognitive dissonance
e)
learned helplessness
22.
Which of the following responses was most likely acquired through classical conditioning?
a)
The startle response of a baby the first time the baby hears thunder
b)
A child's fear of dogs after the child has been bitten by a dog
c)
The cry of pain expressed by a man whose hand has been cut on a piece of broken glass
d)
The uncontrollable blinking of a woman who has just gotten dust in her eye
e)
The salivation of a dog that is halfway through a bowl of its favorite food
23.
Just before something scary happens in a horror film, they often play scary-sounding music. When I hear the music, I tense up in anticipation of the scary event. In this situation, the music serves as a(n)
a)
US
b)
CS
c)
UR
d)
CR
e)
NR
24.
Try as you might, you are unable to teach your dog to do a somersault. He will roll around on the ground, but he refuses to execute the gymnastic move you desire because of
a)
equipotentiality
b)
preparedness
c)
instinctive drift
d)
chaining
e)
shaping
25.
Which of the following is an example of a secondary reinforcer?
a)
chocolate cake
b)
water
c)
money
d)
applause
e)
high grades
26.
In teaching your cat to jump through a hoop, which reinforcement schedule would facilitate the most rapid learning?
a)
continuous
b)
fixed ratio
c)
variable ratio
d)
fixed interval
e)
variable interval
27.
Tina likes to play with slugs, but she can find them by the shed only after it rains. On what kind of reinforcement schedule is Tina's slug hunting?
a)
continuous
b)
fixed-interval
c)
fixed-ratio
d)
variable-interval
e)
variable-ratio
28.
Just before the doors of the elevator close, Lola, a coworker you despise, enters the elevator. You immediately leave, mumbling about having forgotten something. Your behavior results in
a)
positive reinforcement.
b)
a secondary reinforcer.
c)
punishment.
d)
negative reinforcement.
e)
omission training.
29.
Which of the following phenomena is illustrated by Tolman's study in which rats suddenly evidenced that they had learned to get through a maze once a reward was presented?
a)
insight learning
b)
instrumental learning
c)
latent learning
d)
spontaneous recovery
e)
classical conditioning
30.
When Tito was young, his parents decided to give him a quarter every day he made his bed. Tito started to make his siblings' beds also and help with other chores. Behaviorists would say that Tito was experiencing
a)
internal motivation.
b)
spontaneous recovery.
c)
acquisition.
d)
generalization.
e)
discrimination.
31.
With which statement would B. F. Skinner most likely agree? (Hint: What does the B stand for?)
a)
Pavlov's dog learned to expect that food would follow the bell.
b)
Baby Albert thought the white rat meant the loud noise would sound.
c)
All learning is observable.
d)
Pigeons peck disks knowing that they will receive food.
e)
Cognition plays an important role in learning.
32.
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
a)
buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum
b)
going inside to escape a thunderstorm
c)
assigning a student detention for fighting
d)
getting a cavity filled at the dentist to halt a toothache
e)
depriving a prison inmate of sleep
33.
Lily keeps poking Jared in Mr. Clayton's third-grade class. Mr. Clayton tells Jared to ignore Lily. Mr. Clayton is hoping that Lily's behavior will
a)
punish her.
b)
extinguish the behavior.
c)
negatively reinforce the behavior.
d)
cause Lily to generalize.
e)
make the behavior latent.
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